Technology enhanced learning of quantitative critical thinking

A Quantitative Critical Thinking (QCT) software tool was developed in this study to facilitate students’ learning of quantitative critical thinking via repeated practice by chemical engineering students reading a core module called fluid-solid systems. The software tool generated detailed calculation steps to typical engineering design problems encountered in this module that contained weaknesses, flaws or even errors. Students utilized the software tool to practice identifying these weaknesses, flaws or errors in the design solutions and then present a better or correct design by applying the concepts and knowledge acquired in the module. Since the QCT software tool was built upon an existing design software tool that was able to generate the correct, detailed design calculation steps to design problems, students were able to check their own design calculations against those presented by the software tool during this second learning step, thereby engaging in and learning quantitative critical thinking via a repeated practice approach. The software tool was successful in enhancing the performance of second-year undergraduate students in solving a question that required quantitative critical thinking in the final examination of the module. The average percentage scores achieved by students for the question who reported higher frequencies of usage of the software were generally higher than those who reported lower frequencies of usage or did not utilize the software tool throughout the semester.     

“电工学”国家级一流课程建设与实践

根据新时代新工科人才需求特点和电工学课程特点,分析非电专业学生的电类实践需求,提出构建电工学课程为核心的电工电子实践创新能力培养新体系。通过优化教学内容、开展教学模式和考核模式改革、构建教学资源体系和进行教师队伍建设,使我校电工学课程教学质量提升、学生工程实践和创新能力提高、学生满意度增加、一流课程建设成效显著。     

基于案例分析的工程伦理课程实践

案例教学法在我国起步较晚,以培养学生工程伦理实践能力为取向的案例教学逐渐成为重要的教学方法。通过对工程伦理教育发展历史沿革、工程伦理教育存在的问题等阐述,提出构建工程伦理案例分析课程体系的思路、方法、及其意义,旨在推动我国工程伦理课程体系教学理论和实践的发展。     

A survey of dairy goat kid-rearing practices on Canadian farms and their associations with self-reported farm performance

Although future production of dairy goats is influenced by kid-rearing practices, little is known regarding which practices maximize kid growth, welfare, and future production success. The objectives of this survey study were to (1) identify common rearing practices of Canadian commercial dairy goat farms and evaluate their associations with 6 farm performance indicators and (2) determine if farms could be grouped by management style on the basis of the 6 performance indicators and compare rearing practices common across the different groups. A survey was sent by post or electronic media to reach dairy goat producers across Canada. The questionnaire contained 70 questions on the following areas of kid rearing: kidding management, care of newborn, colostrum management, milk and solid feeding in the preweaning period, health management, disbudding, housing conditions, weaning strategies, record keeping and growth monitoring, and farm performance data. Performance indicators, calculated on self-reported data, were 305-d milk production, preweaning mortality rate, diarrhea and respiratory disease prevalence, average daily gain from birth to weaning, herd milk production, and replacement rate. A total of 175 questionnaires were returned. After applying inclusion criteria, including herd size (≥40 goats) and completeness of surveys, 104 respondents from Ontario (n = 72, 69%), Québec (n = 23, 22%), and the Western provinces (n = 9, 9%) were retained for analysis, representing 29% of all Canadian producers. Farm sizes ranged from 42 to 2,500 (median = 190) goats. A large amount of variation in rearing practices and farm performance was found between farms. Colostrum and milk feeding management were found to be associated with all performance indicators except for kid respiratory disease prevalence, with timing of colostrum delivery and feeding method accounting for most the associations within each of the 2 areas. Replacement rate was mostly affected by whether or not kids were reared with their dam. Herds surveyed in the study could successfully be divided into 3 distinct groups (production-focused, longevity-focused, and low performance), representing different management styles on the basis of farm self-reported performance levels. Rearing practices found to be associated with higher farm performance could be targeted by advisory services to help improve management practices on Canadian dairy goat farms.     

概念辨析：建筑评论的思辨实践

建筑评论是一项针对具体对象,将目之所及的事物背后不可视的背景、思想、价值判断、驱动力等,转化为可以言说、可以讨论、具有建筑学和文化社会意义的思辨性活动。[1]这项活动的基础工作之一是概念的辨析与运用。因此,在东南大学建筑学院开设的"建筑评论课",通过课程主题的组织,在帮助学生建立多维批评视野的同时,以概念辨析为切入点,通过基于精读、研究的写作训练,实现思辨性思维的培养、学术素养和写作的培训,以及对建筑评论和中国现当代建筑话语的理解。     

数控多轴正逆向制造实训基地建设探索

本文阐述了多轴正逆向制造发展趋势,基地建设的必要性,以五轴加工中心、五轴仿真模拟面板、三维扫描仪、3D打印机等为主的加工、逆向、快速成形先进前沿设备,形成多元化的先进制造实习链,满足、丰富实训内容,提升学生社会就业竞争力。     

新工科背景下电子通信专业“人工智能技术基础”课程改革实践

人工智能技术已经成为新一轮科技革命的重要驱动力量，这要求电子、通信等非计算机专业的人才培养引入针对性强的人工智能课程教学。本文针对新工科背景下电子、通信专业“人工智能技术基础”课程存在的问题进行课程改革，从授课和实验两个环节入手，分别从教学内容、教学方法和考核办法三个方面提出了具体的改革举措，并在“人工智能技术基础”课程中进行了实践，激发了学生的学习热情，拓展了学生的专业视野，提高了学生的实践创新能力，取得了良好的教学效果。为了进一步培养电子、通信学科交叉型AI人才，该课程选拔优秀学生开展丰富的人工智能课外实践活动，进一步提升学生的实践创新能力。     

Effectiveness of strategic environmental assessment in Poland

The paper presents the results of an evaluation of the effectiveness of SEA obtained as a result of a survey with the participation of stakeholders. In Poland, several hundred SEAs are conducted annually at the local and regional levels and several at the national level. Although the survey demonstrated that SEA is evaluated as effective or quite effective, the respondents pointed to several irregularities in the non-procedural dimension of effectiveness. The main ones in terms of substantive effectiveness are that SEA is rarely used to help develop plans/programmes and procedures are highly politicised. Moreover, low effectiveness in terms of variant assessment and cumulative impacts and nearly non-existent monitoring of the actual effects of implementing plans/programmes influence substantive effectiveness significantly. The respondents pointed to the problem resulting from the fact that plan-makers are unwilling to take into account the SEA recommended changes. They also emphasised that there are certain attempts to put pressure on SEA consultants to make the conclusions less stringent. Respondents indicate that in Poland the costs associated with conducting SEA often outweigh the profits. The research shows that the society is properly informed about SEA, but public involvement is still low.     

Epos – an instrument for the assessment of the ethical position in software development

Digital technology becomes more powerful, intelligent, pervasive and ubiquitous. Ethical aspects of this development have not yet drawn the appropriate attention of researchers and engineers. This paper presents an instrument that aims at measuring the individual ethical position with regard to the design and development of computer software. The development of the Epos tool was based on two data collections. The data of the first survey (n₁ = 147 participants) were used to select items and to determine the factorial structure of the questionnaire. Results show that the Epos instrument reliably assesses peoples’ ethical opinion with respect to five central components: (1) regulation, (2) data privacy, (3) domain specific knowledge, (4) societal responsibility and (5) company responsibility. In the second survey, we determined the stability of the instruments factor structure by assessing a sample of n₂?=?196 participants. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the initial factor structure. Next steps and further implications are discussed regarding the final version of the questionnaire.     

近10年我国传统饮料酒白酒和黄酒品质安全研究现状与展望

总体上说,我国白酒和黄酒的安全性指标研究起步较晚,特别是白酒和黄酒中氨基甲酸乙酯(ethyl carbamate, EC)的研究,大部分研究更多关注检测方法的开发,针对可能超过限量的指标的消减技术研究较少,而从源头和过程控制角度进行消减的技术研究显得更为稀少。建议尽快制订相关标准和/或控制指南,加大基础性研究和控制技术研究力度,为我国白酒和黄酒品质安全研究提出建设性建议。本文重点回顾了近10年来我国传统饮料酒白酒、黄酒中氨基甲酸乙酯、氰化物、生物胺、真菌毒素和塑化剂等安全风险因子的研究现状,包括检测方法、产品现状、过程变化、产生机制或形成途径,以及消减技术,对现有饮料酒白酒和黄酒品质安全研究的问题与挑战进行了分析。