Hydrogen storage property of as-milled La7RE3Mg80Ni10 (RE = Sm,Ce) alloys

Element replacement and mechanical milling are considered as the most effective ways to improve Mg-based alloys in their hydrogen storage performance. The as-milled La₇RE₃Mg₈₀Ni₁₀ (RE = Sm, Ce) alloys were prepared in this experiment by introducing both element replacement (replacing La by Ce or Sm partially) and mechanical milling technologies. The influence made by different replacing elements on the structure and hydrogen storage property of La₇RE₃Mg₈₀Ni₁₀ (RE = Sm, Ce) alloys was investigated in detail. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, automatic Sievert apparatus, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry were used to investigate the experimental alloys. The experiment reveals that a nanocrystalline and amorphous structure appears after mechanical milling. Moreover, comparing with the RE = Sm alloy, the RE = Ce alloy has a superior hydrogen desorption property, including larger hydrogen absorption capacity, faster hydriding/dehydriding rate, lower onset hydrogen desorption temperature, and lower dehydrogenation activation energy.     

Embedding Ag or Au nanoparticles within the nano-sized wall of YbPO4:Er3+ inverse opals and resulting enhanced upconversion luminescence

Metal nanoparticles preparation in the interior of nanoscale skeleton of inverse opals made up of crystallized matrix is more difficult than the preparation of pure inverse opals. In the present work, the Ag or Au nanoparticles embedded YbPO₄:Er³⁺ inverse opals were prepared by a simple approach, which involved the infiltration of opal template by using the transparent YbPO₄:Er³⁺ sol including silver nitrate or chloroauric acid and the sintering at high temperature. The 20–30?nm Au or 5–10?nm Ag nanoparticles were formed in the interior of nanoscale skeleton in the YbPO₄:Er³⁺ inverse opals, and the Ag or Au nanoparticles embedded YbPO₄:Er³⁺ inverse opals were prepared. The influence of Ag or Au nanoparticles on the upconversion photoluminescence of YbPO₄:Er³⁺ inverse opal was studied, and the upconversion luminescence enhancement induced by the Ag or Au nanoparticles was observed. The mechanisms of upconversion luminescence enhancement of YbPO₄:Er³⁺ inverse opals induced by Ag or Au nanoparticles were discussed. The enhancement of upconversion luminescence induced by Ag nanoparticles was attributed to the enhancement of the excitation field, and the enhancement of upconversion emission induced by Au nanoparticles was related to the increasing of the radiation decay rate of Er³⁺.     

电弧离子镀NiAlHf涂层的抗高温氧化性能

目的通过电弧离子镀技术,获得抗氧化性能优良的NiAl涂层。方法采用电弧离子镀技术,在弧流为110 A,偏压为-50 V的参数下沉积NiAlHf涂层。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对涂层的物相结构和形貌进行分析,通过能谱仪(EDS)分析涂层的成分。采用恒温氧化增重实验对涂层的氧化动力学进行分析。结果由电弧离子镀技术制备的NiAl涂层致密均匀,无大颗粒、孔洞等缺陷。涂层主要由β-NiAl相组成,活性元素Hf固溶在主相中。NiAlHf涂层表现出良好的抗高温氧化性能,动力学曲线符合抛物线规律,在1150℃下恒温氧化200h的平均氧化速率为0.0841g/(m^2×h),远优于传统MCrAlY涂层体系。NiAlHf涂层在氧化初期形成保护性的α-Al2O3氧化皮以及少量亚稳态的θ-Al2O3,随后θ-Al2O3逐渐转变为稳态的α-Al2O3。Hf在涂层表面富集从而形成HfO2,对氧化皮形成了钉扎作用,增强了氧化皮的粘附性,提高了涂层的抗氧化性能。随着氧化的进行,涂层中的β-NiAl相逐渐转变为γ'-Ni3Al相。结论 NiAlHf涂层在1150℃下仍具备优良的抗高温氧化性能,对下一代耐更高温度涂层开发,电弧离子镀NiAl涂层的技术推广及工业化应用有一定的指导作用。     

Failure load prediction and optimisation for adhesively bonded joints enabled by deep learning and fruit fly optimisation

Adhesively bonded joints have been extensively employed in the aeronautical and automotive industries to join thin-layer materials for developing lightweight components. To strengthen the structural integrity of joints, it is critical to estimate and improve joint failure loads effectually. To accomplish the aforementioned purpose, this paper presents a novel deep neural network (DNN) model-enabled approach, and a single lap joint (SLJ) design is used to support research development and validation. The approach is innovative in the following aspects: (i) the DNN model is reinforced with a transfer learning (TL) mechanism to realise an adaptive prediction on a new SLJ design, and the requirement to re-create new training samples and re-train the DNN model from scratch for the design can be alleviated; (ii) a fruit fly optimisation (FFO) algorithm featured with the parallel computing capability is incorporated into the approach to efficiently optimise joint parameters based on joint failure load predictions. Case studies were developed to validate the effectiveness of the approach. Experimental results demonstrate that, with this approach, the number of datasets and the computational time required to re-train the DNN model for a new SLJ design were significantly reduced by 92.00% and 99.57% respectively, and the joint failure load was substantially increased by 9.96%.     

全氟辛酸的工业化环保及利用

对氟化工行业的PFOA环保问题、工业化消除及替代品开发进行详细的综述,并对PFOA解决方案进行了综合评估。     

上海某大厦基础群桩位移后的验算

在软土地基上建造的高层建筑,有时因地下围护结构的失稳或基坑挖土方法的不当造成基础群桩发生严重位移的工程事故.如何处理这种事故?需要进行些什么验算工作?有关规范在这方面并没有规定内容.本文以上海浦西某工程的基础群桩位移为例,从抗裂、附加力矩和位移三个不同的方面进行了必要的验算分析,为工程补桩加固找到了依据.     

少筋混凝土受弯构件设计方法综述

摘要介绍了国内、外主要规范关于少筋混凝土构件的设计方法,并作了比较和评述,归纳出一个适用于不同要求的少筋混凝土受弯构件脆性破坏的附加系数公式,作为结构重要性系数的一个组成部分,以便于设计.     

苏通大桥北索塔墩钻孔平台施工技术

介绍在深水、大流速的北索塔墩区直接利用钻孔桩结构钢护筒搭设世界最大群桩基础桩基施工平台适用条件,设计与施工方法以及质量控制措施和实施效果。     

发电厂和变电站中短路电流的限制措施

通过一个工程实例揭示出具有限流作用的配电网络（配电系统）与短路电流大小的关系，从而找出限制短路电流的规律，文章指出，限制短路电流的措施必须与所选择的配电网络相适应，短路电流大的应选择大的配电网络，短路电流小的应选择小的配电网络。如果配电网络选择得不当，就会给电力系统带来电压质量和潮流问题，满足不了规程规范对电压质量和潮流的要求。     

底部框架-抗震墙房屋斜交框架的水平地震作用计算

推导了底部框架-抗震墙房屋沿任意方向地震时,框架承担水平地震作用的计算公式,可用于斜交底部框架-抗震墙房屋二维分析各榀平面框架的水平地震作用。由于正交底部框架-抗震墙房屋只是斜交底部框架-抗震墙房屋的特例,故方法可作为底部框架-抗震墙房屋二维分析的通用方法。