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1.
L.J. Espinoza-Pérez S. Esquivel-Medina E. López-Honorato 《Ceramics International》2021,47(11):15527-15532
The influence of the microstructure on the corrosion rate of three monolithic SiC samples in FLiNaK salt at 900 °C for 250 h was studied. The SiC samples, labeled as SiC-1, SiC-2, and SiC-3, had corrosion rates of 0.137, 0.020, and 0.043 mg/cm2h, respectively. Compared with grain size and the presence of special grain boundaries (i.e., Σ3), the content of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) appeared to have the strongest influence on the corrosion rate of SiC in FLiNaK salt, since the corrosion rate increased six times as the concentration of high-angle grain boundaries increased from 19 to 32% for SiC-2 and SiC-1, respectively. These results stress the importance of controlling the content of HAGBs during the production process of SiC. 相似文献
2.
随着原油品质的下降,在炼油过程中造成的腐蚀问题,受到广泛重视,腐蚀监控技术得到快速发展。炼油装置中的均匀腐蚀情况可以通过电阻探针监控法和电感探针监控法来进行监控,点腐蚀情况可以通过线性极化探针监测法和电化学噪声监控技术来进行监控,应力腐蚀情况可以通过氢通量测量技术和线性极化探针监控法来进行监控。基于这些腐蚀监控技术,建立腐蚀监控系统,用于全面监控炼油装置的腐蚀情况,基本实现了对炼油装置腐蚀情况的连续监测,以便及时给出应对措施,可有效预防腐蚀的发生,减少安全事故。 相似文献
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在GB/T 228征求意见稿中规定了方法A和方法B速率控制模式,主要分为基于引伸计反馈的应变速率控制,以及根据平行长度估计的应变速率,即通过控制平行长度与需要的应变速率相乘得到的横梁分离速率。采用GB/T 228新标准中规定的不同速率控制模式对连续屈服和不连续屈服试样材料屈服强度(规定塑性延伸强度)进行试验,探讨了不同速率控制模式对于材料屈服强度的影响。结果发现,对于连续屈服试样采用应变速率控制和估计的平行长度应变速率控制,其性能指标未见明显差异。不连续屈服试样当无需ReH时,可以采用应变速率控制或估计的平行长度应变速率控制。当需要ReH时,应采用估计的平行长度应变速率控制。 相似文献
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6.
井筒完整性对超深井安全高效生产意义重大,为揭示改造液对完井管柱的腐蚀规律,选取超深井改造常用的5种改造液与超级JFE 13Cr材质油管试片,通过金属挂片失重法和应力腐蚀实验,评价了超深层改造液对13Cr材料的腐蚀和新型高密度盐水加重压裂液缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能。结果表明,5种改造液对13Cr材质油管试片均存在一定程度的表面腐蚀,在140℃下的腐蚀速率为4.8~10.6 g/(m2·h)。当加载90%应力屈服强度时,试片在5种改造液中均出现不同程度的应力开裂裂纹,其中在硝酸钠加重压裂液中的应力腐蚀较为显著。在硝酸钠和氯化钙加重压裂液中加入由炔胺类化合物及一些金属化合物组成的高浓度缓蚀剂后,应力腐蚀显著缓解。该项研究对认识改造液的应力腐蚀、安全高效改造超深井油田具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
7.
Yun Liu Mengxue Wang Yin Liang Chen Wang Keiji Naruse Ken Takahashi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
A thrombus in a coronary artery causes ischemia, which eventually leads to myocardial infarction (MI) if not removed. However, removal generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury that damages the tissue and exacerbates the resulting MI. The mechanism of I/R injury is currently extensively understood. However, supplementation of exogenous antioxidants is ineffective against oxidative stress (OS). Enhancing the ability of endogenous antioxidants may be a more effective way to treat OS, and exosomes may play a role as targeted carriers. Exosomes are nanosized vesicles wrapped in biofilms which contain various complex RNAs and proteins. They are important intermediate carriers of intercellular communication and material exchange. In recent years, diagnosis and treatment with exosomes in cardiovascular diseases have gained considerable attention. Herein, we review the new findings of exosomes in the regulation of OS in coronary heart disease, discuss the possibility of exosomes as carriers for the targeted regulation of endogenous ROS generation, and compare the advantages of exosome therapy with those of stem-cell therapy. Finally, we explore several miRNAs found in exosomes against OS. 相似文献
8.
为探索干寒地区新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁桥的温度场分布特征和温度效应,弥补现行规范中缺乏其温度梯度模式定义的不足。本文以西北干寒地区某新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁桥为研究对象,基于现场温度观测数据,分析该新型组合结构在日照作用下的温度分布规律,并运用最小二乘法拟合提出其二维温度梯度模式;建立新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁全桥精细化有限元模型,并通过实测温度梯度函数计算该桥的温度响应;探析压型钢板对新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁温度应力的影响规律。研究结果表明:基于现场实测数据拟合的竖向分段多项式和横向指数函数组成的新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁二维温度梯度,与实测温度场计算值吻合良好,可为该地区类似工程温度荷载计算提供参考;日照温度作用下,新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁顶板与腹板交界面存在明显的温度梯度;翼缘板上缘、顶板-腹板交界面和各箱室中轴线处出现的最大横向拉应力分别为2.42 MPa、1.83 MPa和1.26 MPa,可能引起桥面板开裂,在设计中应给予重视;实测温度梯度下,闭口型压型钢板可使各箱室顶板中轴线上缘横向拉应力降低0.5 MPa以上,对桥面板抗裂有利,而开口型压型钢板可使各箱室翼缘板上缘横向拉应力提高15%~18%,对桥面板抗裂不利。 相似文献
9.
Margarita A. Sazonova Vasily V. Sinyov Anastasia I. Ryzhkova Marina D. Sazonova Tatiana V. Kirichenko Victoria A. Khotina Zukhra B. Khasanova Natalya A. Doroschuk Vasily P. Karagodin Alexander N. Orekhov Igor A. Sobenin 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(2)
Chronic stress is a combination of nonspecific adaptive reactions of the body to the influence of various adverse stress factors which disrupt its homeostasis, and it is also a corresponding state of the organism’s nervous system (or the body in general). We hypothesized that chronic stress may be one of the causes occurence of several molecular and cellular types of stress. We analyzed literary sources and considered most of these types of stress in our review article. We examined genes and mutations of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes and also molecular variants which lead to various types of stress. The end result of chronic stress can be metabolic disturbance in humans and animals, leading to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, energy deficiency in cells (due to a decrease in ATP synthesis) and mitochondrial dysfunction. These changes can last for the lifetime and lead to severe pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis. The analysis of literature allowed us to conclude that under the influence of chronic stress, metabolism in the human body can be disrupted, mutations of the mitochondrial and nuclear genome and dysfunction of cells and their compartments can occur. As a result of these processes, oxidative, genotoxic, and cellular stress can occur. Therefore, chronic stress can be one of the causes forthe occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis. In particular, chronic stress can play a large role in the occurrence and development of oxidative, genotoxic, and cellular types of stress. 相似文献
10.
Peng Jiang Liuyu Yang Yongle Sun Dingjun Li Tiejun Wang 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2021,104(3):1455-1464
Premature spallation of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) is a critical issue during the service of gas turbines, and nondestructive evaluation is crucial to address this problem. Herein, a novel approach that indicates delamination by measuring the residual stress evolution of thermally grown oxide (TGO) for air plasma spraying (APS) TBCs is proposed and verified via the combination of photoluminescence piezo-spectroscopy (PLPS) and X-ray computed tomography. A mineral-oil-impregnating approach and a cold-mount low-shrinkage epoxy-mounting approach are used to alleviate the signal attenuation by pores and microcracks in APS TBCs, improving the detectable PLPS signal and X-ray transmission for stress measurement and delamination characterization, respectively. We have nondestructively measured the TGO residual stress mapping in APS TBCs and its evolution with oxidation. Furthermore, the evolution of TGO morphology and critical microcracks are obtained by X-ray computed tomography. The synchronous evolution of TGO residual stress, TGO thickness, and critical microcracks as a function of oxidation time is obtained and correlated. The transition point, as experimentally identified, at which the TGO stress starts to drop, agrees well with the critical moment of microcrack coalescence. This directly verifies that the TBC delamination can be effectively indicated by residual stress evolution of TGO in APS TBCs. 相似文献