国际橄榄理事会的定位和使命及相关标准（网络首发、推荐阅读）

The International Olive Council(IOC) is an international intergovernmental organization dedicated to olive oil and table olives, aiming at modernizing olive production, coordinating olive policies, improving the regulation of international trade, defending the quality of the olive sector and promoting olive oil and table olives to increase their consumption. The IOC grants recognition of laboratories and tasting panels in annual trials when they meet the conditions given in the decisions adopting the IOC certificate for laboratories for the physico–chemical testing of olive oil and laboratories for the sensory analysis of virgin olive oils. The IOC establishes analysis methods applying to olive oils and olive pomace oils for purity, quality and organoleptic assessment. The IOC elaborates guides of storage conditions for olive oils and olive pomace oils, of managing virgin olive oil tasting panels and of sensory testing laboratories. In future works, the IOC includes activities to identify analytical criteria for detecting fraud and guaranteeing the quality of olive oils and olive pomace oils.     

Estimated genetic parameters for all genetically evaluated traits in Canadian Holsteins

Genetic improvement is a crucial tool to deal with the increasing demand for high quality, sustainably produced dairy. Breeding programs are based on genetic parameters, such as heritability and genetic correlations, for economically important traits in a population. In this study, we estimated population genetic parameters and genetic trends for 67 traits evaluated on heifers and first-lactation Canadian Holstein cows. The data consisted of approximately 500,000 records with pedigree information collected from 1980 to 2019. Genetic parameters were estimated using bivariate linear animal models under a Bayesian approach. Analyses for the 67 traits resulted in 2,211 bivariate combinations, from which the estimated genetic parameters are reported here. The most highly heritable traits were fat percent (0.66) and protein percent (0.69), followed by stature (0.47). Lowest heritabilities (0.01) were observed for disease-related traits, such as lameness and toe ulcer, and calf survival. The genetic correlations between gestation length, calf size, and calving ease measured on both heifer and cows were close to unity. On the other hand, traits such as body condition score and pin width, cystic ovaries and sole ulcer, rear teat placement, and toe ulcer were genetically unrelated. This study reports genetic parameters that have not been previously published for Canadian Holstein cows, and provides updates of those previously estimated. These estimates are useful for building new indexes, updating existing selection indexes, and for predicting correlated responses due to inclusion of novel traits in the breeding programs.     

Research and prospect of ceramics for automotive disc-brakes

This article mainly discusses the research status and development trends of ceramics for automotive disc-brakes. According to the ceramic disc-brakes, various properties and characteristics, including fracture toughness, strength, compactness, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, micro-morphology, and thermal stabilities are analyzed. In the field of disc-brakes research, the research directions of the ceramics, including high-temperature performance, bionic structure, layered structure, porous structure, eutectic performance, superhard structure, and machinability are analyzed. The analysis of ceramics is expected to find disc-brake materials in line with the future development trends.     

Teff (Eragrostis tef) processing,utilization and future opportunities: a review

The demand for food production has been constantly increasing due to rising population. In developed countries, for example, the emergence of regional production of old grains that are rarely utilized, along with the production of commonly consumed grains, has gained importance in recent years. These grains, known collectively as ancient or heirloom grains, have offered both farmers and consumers novel ways of cultivation and products with interesting taste, characteristics and nutritional value. Among the 30 000 plant species known, only five cereals currently provide more than 50% of the world's energy intake – bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), rice (Oryza sativa), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), millets (Panicum sp.) and maize (Zea mays). The excessive utilization of these selected species has a great potential to cause genetic losses and difficulty in bridging future agricultural demands. Teff (Eragrostis tef), an ancient grain extensively cultivated in countries like Eritrea and Ethiopia, provides promising alternatives for new food uses since its nutritional value is significantly higher than most others cereal grains. The absence of gluten allows flexibility in food utilization since it can be directly substituted to gluten-containing products. The grain also offers an excellent balance of essential amino acids and minerals, which can fulfil the recommended daily intake and eliminates the need for fortification and enrichment. This review provides a general overview of the physical properties and nutritional composition of teff grains related to processing and applications in the food and feed industries. The current status of teff utilization, as well as the challenges in production and commercialization, and future opportunities is presented and discussed.     

Trends in Thermal Separation Technologies – An Industrial Perspective

The article discusses future trends and their implications on separation technologies starting from the main drivers of technological developments. Especially the consequences of the expected energy and raw material change and the increasing international economic competition on process technologies are addressed. Special attention is given to the opportunities of increasing computational power and the availability of high-performance networks for scientific modeling and their use in process industries.     

Contemporary challenges of soot build-up in IC engine and their tribological implications

Confronted with the contemporary challenges of maximising energy efficiency with minimal impact on the environment, the automotive industry has developed various technologies to tackle them. Most of these technologies, however, have wider implications on the tribological performance of the automotive engines due to resultant soot build-up. This paper reviews the effects that attempts by stakeholders to satisfy requirements for reduced fuel consumption, reduced emissions and extended service intervals have had on increasing soot levels to an extent that can lead to engine component failure. Three areas have been identified that have either not been explored or not widely explored in the study of automotive soot namely: numerical simulation and modelling of soot wear, soot effects on wear of actual engine components and the wear and friction performance of non-metallic materials used in internal combustion engines. A paper-grading system is also utilised to present an overview of how sooty oil-related research covers various areas.     

简析煤炭标准化

本文通过我国能源发展的现状,阐述了建立一套科学、合理、完善的标准化体系对我国煤炭工业以及整个能源工业的重要意义。文章介绍了我国煤炭标准化的发展历史,根据我国实际情况指出煤炭标准化存在的问题,通过分析得出我国煤炭标准化未来的发展趋势和方向。     

膨润土/聚合物复合高吸水材料的研究进展

综述了膨润土／聚合物复合高吸水材料的主要合成工艺路线，并对合成技术进行了评述；同时也指出了这种材料性能今后的改进方向和研究发展的趋势。     

复合型高吸水性树脂的研究进展

本文介绍了高吸水性树脂的吸水机理,着重论述了近年来复合型高吸水性树脂的研究进展,同时也指出了这种材料今后的改进方向和研究发展趋势。