柚子皮纤维素基高吸水性树脂的合成与应用

高吸水树脂因其优良的吸水性和保水性,近年来受到广泛关注与研究。为实现柚子皮的废物利用,优化高吸水树脂的生产工艺,研究以天然无毒的柚子皮粉为接枝骨架,丙烯酸为接枝单体,司班-80为分散剂,环己烷为油相,过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,采用反相悬浮聚合法制备了吸水性和吸生理盐水性能良好的纤维素基高吸水树脂。探讨了司班-80用量、引发剂用量、柚皮粉用量、交联剂用量、丙烯酸中和度、反应温度、油水质量比对树脂在蒸馏水和生理盐水中的吸液倍率的影响。结果表明,在司班-80用量为单体的6.7%,引发剂用量为单体的0.5%,柚皮粉:丙烯酸为1:5,交联剂为单体的0.67%,丙烯酸中和度40%,油水比2:1,反应温度80℃条件下,树脂对蒸馏水和生理盐水最大吸液倍率可达362.29 g/g和42.49 g/g。     

MAPP/EAA处理对聚丙烯/小麦秸秆粉复合材料性能的影响

研究了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（MAPP）、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物（EAA）处理对聚丙烯（PP） /小麦秸秆粉（WSP）复合材料性能的影响。结果表明，随着体系中MAPP质量份数的增加，PP/WSP的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均逐渐增大，但冲击强度却先增加后减小，复合材料达到塑化峰的时间逐渐延长；使用EAA后，无论体系中是否已经使用了MAPP，PP/WSP的拉伸、弯曲和冲击强度均可得以提高，特别对于未使用MAPP的体系，效果更加明显，可分别提高65.04 %、45.42 %和6.75 %，储能模量增加，表面疏水性增强，平衡扭矩从13.9 N·m降至11.8 N·m，吸水尺寸变化率及吸水率下降，吸水平衡时间缩短；使用EAA可改善PP/WSP中WSP与PP间的界面结合，改善PP/WSP力学性能、热稳定性能、表面疏水性能、尺寸稳定性能和加工性能，降低其吸水率。     

轨腰仿生自分层防腐梯度涂料合成及影响因素和结构探究

目的仿荷藕结构及功能,制备一种自分层防腐涂料。方法合成聚氨酯改性环氧树脂(PU/EP)及氟硅改性丙烯酸树脂(氟硅改性PAA),将两种树脂共混形成自分层涂料。通过铅笔硬度测试、机械性能测试、接触角测试、耐老化测试、划格法附着力测试、电化学阻抗测试等,分别评价两种树脂比例、混合溶剂比例对涂膜自分层行为及性能的影响,并通过SEM-EDS、红外光谱等表征技术分析涂膜分层后的结构。结果当PU/EP∶氟硅改性PAA=1∶1时,接触角达到96.0°,柔韧性为0.5 mm,耐冲击为50 cm,附着力等级为1,失光率降至19%;乙酸丁酯(NBAC)∶正丁醇(NBA)=4∶6时,涂膜分层情况良好,接触角达到107.7°,浸泡水中48 h耐水性无变化,失光率降至17%。SEM-EDS、红外光谱分析表明,自分层涂膜上层为氟硅改性PAA、底层为PU/EP,中间存在过渡涂层,过渡层两种树脂中的─COOH、─OH、环氧基发生反应,使整个涂层更具稳定性。经由EIS分析,在3.5%NaCl溶液中浸泡40天后,腐蚀介质没有渗透涂膜到达基底金属界面。结论制备的轨腰仿生自分层涂膜的机械性能、附着力、疏水性、耐老化、防腐蚀性能优异,涂膜结构稳定。     

α–ω Alkenyl-bis-S-Guanidine Thiourea Dihydrobromide Affects HeLa Cell Growth Hampering Tubulin Polymerization

Cancer is going to be the first cause of mortality worldwide in the 21th century. It is considered a multifactorial disease that results from the combined influence of many genetic aberrations, leading to abnormal cell proliferation. As microtubules are strongly implicated in cellular growth, they represent an important target for cancer treatment. The well-known microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) including paclitaxel, colchicine and vinca alkaloids are commonly used in the treatment of various cancers. However, adverse effects and drug resistance are major limitations in their clinical use. To find new candidates able to induce microtubule alteration with reduced toxic effects or drug resistance, we studied a small new series of derivatives that present imidazolinic, guanidinic, thioureidic and hydrazinic groups ( 1 – 9 ). All the compounds were tested for their antitumor activity against a panel of six tumoral cell models. In particular, compound 8 (nonane-1,9-diyl-bis-S-amidinothiourea dihydrobromide) showed the lowest IC₅₀ value against HeLa cells, together with a low cytotoxicity for normal cells. This compound was able to induce the apoptotic mitochondrial pathway and inhibited tubulin polymerization with a similar efficacy to vinblastine and nocodazole. Taken together, these promising biological properties make compound 8 useful for the development of novel therapeutic approaches in cancer treatment.     

Methacrylate-functionalized POSS as an efficient adhesion promoter in olefin-based adhesives

This study aims to investigate the effects of methacrylate-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (MA-POSS) on polyolefin-based adhesives. The so called adhesive was synthesized by the cooligomerization of 1-decene/9-decene-1-ol monomers using a Ti amine bis-phenolate catalyst, [Ti{2,2′-(OC₆H₂-4,6-^tBu₂)₂NHC₂H₄NH(OⁱPr)₂], which was subsequentlyacrylated via a simple reaction with methacryloyl chloride. Different weight fractions of MA-POSS nanoparticles were solution blended with synthesized adhesive and undergone curing reaction with blue light. Observation of a unique tan δ peak in dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) curve was clear evidence that two employed moieties were miscible and only one hybrid polymeric phase was created. Most noticeably, significant increase in mechanical parameters was detected in the lower inclusion compositions, 0.2-1 wt% of MA-POSS, where flexural strength and flexural modulus were increased up to 99 and 110%, respectively. Furthermore, thermal stability of the synthesized nanocomposite enhanced dramatically by increasing MA-POSS weight fraction. Influence of employed nanoparticles on adhesion properties of synthesized nanocomposites was evaluated with tensile shear bond strength and pull off analysis. According to the adhesion results, the MA-POSS causes an adhesion promotion on the fabricated adhesive/POSS nanocomposites.     

Polypropylene composite hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes with an acrylic hydrogel surface by in situ ultrasonic wave-assisted polymerization for dye removal

In this study, polypropylene composite hollow fiber membrane with an acrylic hydrogel layer was fabricated successfully by in situ ultrasonic wave-assisted polymerization. The ultrasonic irradiation can significantly improve the grafting efficiency of acrylic acid on the membrane surface. The modified membranes were characterized on the basis of physicochemical characteristics, permeation performance and antifouling property. The results revealed that the pure water flux of modified membranes was significantly increased when the graft density was lower than 0.82 mg cm⁻², due to the improvement of hydrophilicity. Interestingly, the optimized membrane PPM1.49 could efficiently remove organic dyes from aqueous solution, showing retentions of 99.5 and 98.7% to Congo red and methylthionine chloride, respectively. Meanwhile, its flux recovery ratio was elevated from 68.0 to 92.0% using bovine serum albumin aqueous solution as a foulant compared with the pristine membrane. These promising results indicate that modified membranes developed in this study are potentially applicable for dye removal from wastewater. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47099.     

基于随机森林与多元线性回归的咪唑啉衍生物缓蚀剂的构效关系研究

以15种不同十一烷基咪唑啉衍生物缓蚀剂为研究对象,采用随机森林与多元线性回归相结合考察了分子结构对其缓蚀效率(IE)的影响。首先,从能量、电荷、分子表面与信息量、立体构象与拓扑特征6个方面对15种咪唑啉类缓蚀剂进行了全面表征,共得到55个分子结构参数;然后运用随机森林(RF)与多元线性回归(MLR)分别对特征参数进行了优化,筛选出top10的8个重叠参数。从8个参数中随机挑选3个,使用留一法(LOO)进行多元线性回归模型构建,最终得到了最优的特征组合为分子总能量(Te)、信息含量(Ic)与分子折射率(Mr)。基于此得到的最优定量结构-缓蚀效率关系模型,其相关系数R~2为0.843,关系式表示为IE=-5.517-0.010 1×Te+15.601 7×Ic+0.222×Mr。考察样本后去掉一个奇异样本,其相对误差达到18.9%,剩余14个样本留一法建模,模型效果大大提高,其R~2为0.911。结果表明,Te、Ic、Mr与缓蚀效率具有较高的正相关性,分子结构越稳定、对称性好及折射率高,则其IE值就越高,为设计新型高效的缓蚀剂提供了理论指导。     

Effects of monomer compatibility on sizing properties of feather keratin-g-P(AA-co-MA)

In order to endow feather keratin with good sizing properties for all-polyester or high-polyester yarns, methyl acrylate (MA) and acrylic acid (AA) monomers with a variation in feed molar ratio from 10/90 to 30/70 were grafted onto the molecular chains of native feather keratin under equal monomer concentration. Effects of monomer compatibility of MA/AA on sizing properties of the feather keratin-g-P(AA-co-MA) were studied in terms of apparent viscosity, contact angle of sizing paste on polyester fibers, mechanical properties of sizing film, and adhesion to polyester fibers. It was found that grafting MA & AA monomers with rational compatibility onto the molecular chains of feather keratin was an effective method to improve sizing properties of grafted feather keratin, such as adhesion to polyester fibers and toughness of sizing film. In view of overall performance of the grafted feather keratin sizes, the appropriate feed molar ratio of MA/AA should be 20/80.