江汉盆地潜江凹陷古近系潜江组白云岩成因

潜江凹陷位于江汉盆地，其古近系潜江组以含有由富有机质白云岩和蒸发岩组成的193个韵律层为特征。然而，潜江凹陷古近系潜江组白云石的成因一直存在争议，限制了进一步对非常规油气的勘探工作。根据盐间层岩相与矿物特征研究潜江组盐间层富白云石岩相的沉积成因。根据沉积特征观测（岩心和薄片）和矿物组分数据，可识别出3种主要的岩相结合：薄层-纹层状泥晶白云岩、纹层状含云泥晶灰岩和夹钙芒硝层状泥晶白云岩。研究发现前两种岩相组合纹层特征明显，可见有机质纹层与无机纹层交互现象，说明形成于水体较深的还原环境。白云石与方解石晶体含有有机质降解孔，且白云石与黄铁矿和有机质薄膜共生，说明其成因与微生物诱导活动有关。浮游微生物和底栖藻分别控制了方解石和白云石的沉淀。这些岩相组合含有较高的有机质含量。最后一种岩相组合具有较高的蒸发矿物含量和陆源碎屑物质，说明其形成于相对浅水环境。高盐度和强烈陆源输入不利于有机质的保存。此次研究发现盐湖内白云石的形成受微生物活动和蒸发环境控制，不同的成因对岩相沉积特征和有机质富集产生重要影响。     

Deacylation of Calcium-Dependent Antibiotics from Streptomyces violaceoruber in Co-culture with Streptomyces sp. MG7-G1

When Streptomyces violaceoruber grows together with Streptomyces sp. MG7-G1, it reacts with strongly induced droplet production on its aerial mycelium. Initially the metabolite profile of droplets from S. violaceoruber in co-culture with Streptomyces sp. MG7-G1 was compared to samples from S. violaceoruber in single-culture by using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Then, the exudate from agar plates of co-cultures and single cultures (after freezing and thawing) was also analysed. Several compounds were only observed when S. violaceoruber was grown in co-culture. Based on their high-resolution ESI mass spectra and their comparable retention times to the calcium-dependent antibiotics (CDAs) produced by S. violaceoruber, the new compounds were suspected to be deacylated calcium-dependent antibiotics (daCDAs), lacking the 2,3-epoxyhexanoyl residue of CDAs. This was verified by detailed analysis of the MS/MS spectra of the daCDAs in comparison to the CDAs. The major CDA compounds present in calcium ion-supplemented agar medium of co-cultures were daCDAs, thus suggesting that Streptomyces sp. MG7-G1 expresses a deacylase that degrades CDAs.     

浓香型大曲白酒窖泥微生物研究进展

基于传统微生物技术和现代生物学技术对白酒窖泥微生物的研究，阐述了研究白酒酿造微生物所运用生物学技术的各种方法、原理及对窖泥微生物的研究现状。主要对宏基因组、聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）技术、高通量测序技术等现代分子生物技术在窖泥微生物代谢活动和群落代谢机制研究中的应用进行了综述，为解决白酒生产中遇到的实际问题提供了理论指导。     

Quality and nutritional characteristics of traditional curd cheese enriched with thermo-coagulated acid whey protein and indigenous Lactococcus lactis strain

Consumer interest in a healthy lifestyle and health-promoting natural products is a major driving force for the increasing global demand for bio-functional and sustainable dairy foods. Supplementation of curd cheese with thermo-coagulated acid whey protein (TAWP) led to 8–10% higher contents of moisture, 23–31% of lactose, 12–13% of unsaturated, 5–6% of monounsaturated, 63% of polyunsaturated, and 3–4% of long-chain fatty acids. Lipid quality indices – TI, AI, h/H, and Omega 6/3 among others, were also significantly better than those of control cheese. The addition of indigenous Lactococcus lactis strain enhanced the flavour of cheese samples, decreased the counts of yeast and mould up to 1 log cfu g⁻¹ after 10 days of storage. The replacement of curd with TAWP resulted in novel cheese with overall sensory perception above 77 points and added nutritional and functional value, however, body and texture parameters of modified cheese samples require an improvement.     

生物药剂在矿物加工和冶金中的应用

综述了生物药剂在矿的加工和冶金中的研究现状及应用，指出了生物药剂的发展趋势及研究方向。     

微生物浸矿技术在选铜工业中的应用

简单介绍了微生物在选铜工业中浸矿技术的概念以及在国内外的发展概况，总结了浸矿微生物的种类以及微生物在浸矿过程中的直接作用和间接作用，为我国矿床研究、低品位和难选矿石的选冶提供了新的技术开发利用途径。     

载Cu2+系列多孔非金属矿抗菌剂的制备及应用

对以多孔非金属矿为载体，用离子交换法制备铜型系列抗菌剂进行了试验研究，重点探索了载体种类、交换离子浓度、时间对载铜量及抗菌效果的影响，在此基础上，对抗菌剂在PP中的添加量与PP抗菌塑料物理性能及抗菌性能的关系也进行了初步的试研究。     

Farmers,fires, and forests: a green alternative to shifting cultivation for conservation of the Maya forest?

When fires blazed through Mexico's forests in 1998, the country experienced a new sense of urgency in its attempts to combat ecosystem degradation and loss of biodiversity. Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (SEMARNAT, the federal environmental protection agency) identified the use of fire in agriculture as a major contributor to the conflagration. Traditional “slash-and-burn” systems are still widely practiced in the southeast of Mexico, and finding a substitute for burning, especially in and near protected areas, became imperative (SEMARNAT, 2001). Experience from different parts of Central America indicated that green manure/cover crop systems (g/cc) could increase soil fertility, reduce erosion, control weeds and raise the yield of maize; the hope was that this system could replace slash-and-burn practices with their attendant risk of forest fires. We present the case study of a project introducing a green cover crop to traditional, resource-poor, maize farmers in one community of the Yucatan peninsula and preliminary results from a similar project in the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, discussing the data in the light of the on-going debates concerning both fire policy and soil erosion. We conclude that, in spite of demonstrating some advantages, adoption in the peninsula has been hindered by environmental, economic and socio-cultural factors. Mexican efforts to eliminate fire from the forests must also be assessed with reference to the scientific literature by fire experts and historical ecologists, indicating that prohibition of small fires may actually decrease total biodiversity, while increasing the probabilities of catastrophic forest fires.     

金属离子对活性污泥微生物影响研究进展

介绍了金属离子对活性污泥微生物的影响,对其影响的机理进行了研究,结合国内外有关金属离子对活性污泥影响的研究成果,提出通过研究投加金属离子而提高污水处理效果成为目前的研究热点。     

活性污泥性状和生物相在好氧工艺中的作用

文章通过分析研究包头市东河西水质净化厂污水二级好氧工艺处理系统稳定运行经验和实践数据,结合城市生活污水好氧生物处理理论,得出活性污泥性状和生物相种类、数量、活性是污水处理效果的重要标志.生产运行中可依据活性污泥性状和生物相快速、准确判断生物处理系统发展趋向,继而采取针对措施及时调整工艺,以保证污水生物处理系统时刻在合理、高效状态下运行.文章可以为从事污水处理工作的相关人员提供实践经验和运行参考数据.