一种新的自适应量子遗传算法

现有基于 Bloch 球面坐标的量子进化算法存在收敛速度慢和鲁棒性不稳定的问题。为此,提出基于斐波那契特性更新的自适应量子遗传算法。在最优解的搜索过程中,考虑目标函数在搜索点的变化率,建立自适应因子λ,反映搜索点处目标适应度值相对于相邻两代最佳目标函数值一阶差分的变化,调整λ以改善算法收敛的方向和速度。分析量子旋转门转角步长调整策略,建立基于斐波那契数列特性的转角步长函数Δφ和Δθ的更新规则。应用该算法求解多维复杂函数的极值优化问题,时间复杂度理论分析和仿真结果证明,该算法在收敛速度、效率和稳定鲁棒性等方面均有明显改善。     

Bloch混沌系统的动力学行为研究及仿真

混沌系统的全局指数吸引集在混沌的控制和同步之中起着非常重要的作用。首先给出了Bloch混沌系统的动力系统模型,然后借助一个适当的Lyapunov函数和最优化理论,研究了这个混沌系统的全局指数吸引集,得到了它的全局指数吸引集Q。可以断定轨线从吸引集Q外进入吸引集Q的速率是以指数速率,并且得到了该速率估计的表达式。通过计算机模拟验证了计算理论的可行性。     

基于石墨烯的布洛赫表面波调控特性研究

布洛赫表面波(Bloch surface wave,BSW) 具有传输损耗低、显著表面局域场增强、环境敏感等特性,因而被视为研究近场光和物质相互作用的关键技术。其主要在截断的一维光子晶体与外界介质的界面激发并沿此界面传播,通过传播界面微纳结构的设计,可在纳米尺度实现对BSW的有效调控。本文从BSW的模式特性出发,提出了石墨烯加载的一维光子晶体BSW传感器件结构。通过改变石墨烯层的结构参数,调节激发模式在光子带隙中的位置,研究激发模式的光场传输特性,实现对BSW激发波长、振幅和相位的调控。进一步利用其对外界介质折射率变化非常敏感的特性,对其传感检测能力进行研究。结果表明,该器件有望实现高灵敏度的生化传感检测应用。该研究为新型BSW集成光子器件的设计与发展提供了新思路。     

A Theoretical Framework for Core Material Properties Identification in Cellular Solids using Novelty Detection

Abstract:  This paper presents a novelty detection-based technique to identify core material properties of honeycombs and cellular structures. A numerical model (finite element) representing full scale and/or reduced size of the cellular solid is used to generate transmissibilities between topological homologous points at cells in different locations. In order to make the procedure robust against noise, these transmissibilities are artificially corrupted. This step is representative of a series of experimentally obtained measurements which automatically return information relating to the size and shape of data noise along with the mean measurement. The next stage, both in this paper and in the proposal for the experimental approach, is to generate several further sets of transmissibilities from the finite element model; the only difference being that the core material properties are altered from the original values. A novelty detection framework is then adopted to find a similarity measure between each of these 'test' transmissibilities and the original set thereby identifying the material properties. Although this work is concerned with identifying only one material property, the methodology extends to identifying several properties.     

平面左手结构色散与传播特性分析

采用时域有限差分方法研究了一种新型平面结构阵列在左手频带内的后向波传播特性与负折射特性,提出分析二维平面左手结构的新方法:基于单元结构的四端口网络参数进行Bloch分析,得出色散关系和Bloch阻抗;根据色散关系和Bloch阻抗分析相位与能量传播方向的关系,以确定出左右手特性频带.相比于以往单元结构分析方法,本文方法利于单元结构的灵活设计,能较好地考虑分布参数元件色散特性,能简便准确地判断出左右手特性频带,且能用于分析各向异性和有损耗结构.仿真分析结果验证了方法的有效性.     

The Golden Section in Architectural Theory

The never-ending—but always young—discussion about the Golden Section in architecture never lacks a hint at Luca Pacioli and architectural theory. But what it always lacks is a thorough study of the Golden Section in architectural theory. This paper aims to present this analysis. Marcus Frings traces the Golden Section from the mathematical and rather theoretical character of Pacioli’s concept, the the treatises of Alberti, Serlio, and Palladio, to Adolf Zeising in the nineteenth century. and to theorist Matila Ghyka and the practitioners Ernst Neufert and Le Corbusier in the twentieth. In the latter’s writings and designs the Golden Section seems to play the role of a scholarly element which shows the master’s theoretical erudition, leading to contemporary architects such as Ricardo Bofill.     

Some statistical aspects of magnetization processes in ferromagnetic bodies. Motion of a single 180° Bloch wall in an imperfect crystalline medium

The ideally simple situation of a single 180° Bloch wall in a single crystal already involves rather complex physical mechanisms. For a given variation of the magnetic field, two types of irreversible motion of the wall can be observed, depending on the velocity imposed to the wall and the temperature. It can move like a rigid plane, then its irreversible displacements are always larger than its thikness. It can also move by localized, small jumps thanks to its internal degrees of freedom. The features of the Barkhausen noise are different in these two kinds of motion. The transition between them occurs either at a constant temperature by increasing the velocity of the wall, or at a constant velocity by lowering the temperature. The wall can also move under the effect of thermal fluctuation, which should not be regarded as some little perturbation, but rather as an essential physical parameter which has to be taken into account in any realistic model of wall motion, and hence of “Barkhausen noise”. The random character of these phenomena allowed us to employ simple, but very useful, statistical methods. Besides, this study suggests some specific problems of “signal processing”.     

高频调制矢量原子磁力仪综述

通过施加调制磁场降低测量1/f噪声、实现矢量化测量,是原子磁力仪中常用的方法。根据调制磁场频率与弛豫率的相对大小,可以分为低频调制和高频调制两大类。本文对高频调制原子磁力仪进行了总结和分类,按照调制磁场方向与抽运光方向的相对位置分为平行调制与垂直调制两大类,之后再按照主磁场方向细分为七类不同的配置。详细分析了其中四类较为常见的配置,分别是垂直调制X型、垂直调制零场型、平行调制Z型和平行调制零场型。从Bloch方程出发,推导了这4类配置的测量解析模型,除了梳理和验证现有文献的理论分析之外,也得到一些现有文献没有提及的测量模型。采用MATLAB Simulink模块进行了数值仿真,验证了解析模型推导过程一些简化处理的合理性。给出了Bloch方程的通用Simulink模型,可用于任意配置原子磁力仪的数值仿真。     

Observation of Coherent Charge-State Mixing in Asymmetric Bloch Transistors

The reduced switching current of an excited energy band in a Bloch transistor can be used to detect microwave-induced interband transitions. Spectroscopic measurements of the band gap are performed by mapping the frequency dependence of the excitation threshold where the microwave photon energy and band gap are equal. This excitation threshold also provides a probe of charge-state mixing on the island of the transistor. Any asymmetry in the junctions of the transistor makes the coherent mixing of charge states appear as a finite gap splitting at the electrostatic degeneracy point between states differing by one excess Cooper pair on the island. The measured gap splitting in an asymmetric transistor clearly demonstrates the effect.     

考虑桥墩-水平梁间弹簧接头的周期性高架桥平面内振动能量带分析

对无限多跨周期性高架桥结构的周期单元含一个桥墩、二个水平梁及三个连接弹簧,据Bernoulli-Euler梁及Bloch理论,推导具有水平梁-梁、水平梁-桥墩间弹簧接头传递矩阵,建立周期性高架桥结构平面内振动能量带特征方程。据该模型采用数值算例考察桥墩-水平梁刚度比、接头弹簧刚度等对周期性高架桥结构能量带分布特征影响。计算结果表明,具有水平梁-梁、水平梁-桥墩间弹簧接头的周期性高架桥结构发生平面内振动时,高架桥结构中存在与轴向压缩、横向剪切及弯曲振动对应的三类晶格波,即衰减较快且沿高架桥结构传播距离较短、只在某些频域能传播、除较小频率时难以传播外其它较宽频域均能传播。分析结果表明,高架桥结构设计时须保证结构基本主频不能落在较小频率区域,否则极易引起振动波能量集中,造成结构破坏。随周期性高架桥结构水平梁刚度、水平梁-梁接头弹簧刚度增大,沿高架桥结构传播的晶格波衰减会减慢,振动波能量沿高架桥结构会传播更远。