Nicholas Hobbs (1915–1983).

Presents an obituary for Nicholas Hobbs. Just at the end of his stellar career of public service through psychology, Nick Hobbs received very appropriate honors showing that psychologists and many others knew what a precious national resource his life had been. Only days before his death from cancer on January 23, 1983, he participated in the dedication of the Nicholas Hobbs Laboratory of Human Development of the Peabody College for Teachers of Vanderbilt University, part of the Kennedy Center for Research on Education and Human Development that he founded and directed at its beginning. Two years earlier, he had received two parallel American Psychological Association (APA) awards--one for Distinguished Contributions to Psychology in the Public Interest and another for Distinguished Professional Contributions "utilizing psychological knowledge in the public interest and social policy." As the citations and testimonials on these occasions variously noted, Nick gave creative, responsible, and effective service to the institutions that he helped administer, to the Southern region from which he sprang, to the APA, and to the profession of psychology, but above all to the nation's children and youth, especially those who grew up with disadvantage and difficulty. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparing Homeowner Societies: Can we Construct an East-West Model?

Distinguishable patterns of mass homeownership have emerged across industrialised societies in recent decades, and have become increasingly central in comparative analyses of housing systems. This paper examines the nature of differences and similarities within and between two particular groups of societies where owner occupation dominates housing demand and policy systems, one constituted of English-speaking, Anglo-Saxon societies, and another of East Asian societies. The paper considers the potential of forming loose models based on core divergences in terms of systems, regimes and socio-ideological relationships. The aim is to further illustrate interactions between housing systems and welfare regimes in international contexts. Comparisons of housing and welfare elements are broadly related between societies, rather than quantitatively isolated, as systems are substantially variegated across the East Asian region. However, a loose system-model provides considerable insight into convergence within the group in regards to how housing systems have served a minimal social-welfare regime type.     

我国水利投融资体制问题探讨

借鉴国内交通行业和国外的水利投融资经验,提出改革并完善我国水利投融资体制的对策:利用民间资本发展水利事业;有偿转让、招标拍卖水利资源以获取建设资金;采用特许权转让的方式将供水和污水处理通过私有化解决;发展水利产业基金;加大利用外资发展水利产业的力度。     

基于结构方程模型的征地对移民福利影响分析

为了解工程征地对农村移民福利的影响,采用结构方程模型,对南水北调丹江口水库移民进行了实证分析,结果表明:搬迁前后土地面积变化、土地质量变化尤其是补偿标准高低这3方面的征地状况对水库移民福利具有比较显著的影响,其中前者为负向影响,后两者为正向影响;水库移民福利与发展机遇、经济收支、社会适应、居住条件、社会保障的关系显著。因此,水库移民安置应合理提高征地补偿标准,大力实施精准帮持改善移民的发展机遇与经济收支等状况,以确保移民福利改进与获得感增强。     

旅游土地征收的公益性分析

公益性是土地征收的唯一合法理由。随着土地征收研究的日益深入,旅游土地征收的合法性已备受争议。本文据已有的研究成果总结出土地征收公益性的判断标准,并认为旅游土地征收是现阶段我国可持续发展的需要,具有一定的公益性。     

灰色变权聚类评价模型与算法在FDI福利效应中的应用

根据人类思维具有“灰性”的特点,提出了基于相对指标的FDI综合福利效应聚类评价模型。利用已收集的数据,以灰色系统理论为基础,确定聚类指标,评定等级量化标准及聚类灰类,并通过构造白化权函数进行灰色聚类分析,不仅能够正确地判别福利效应的类别,而且能在灰色聚类系数矩阵中显示各样本对于不同类别的隶属程度。对1986-2008年的FDI综合福利效应进行了聚类评价分析,结论具有较高的可靠性与针对性。     

香港地区残疾人社会福利制度及其启示

香港残疾人福利制度采用精简型社会福利模式,社会福利实施机制健全,主体多元且彼此良性互动,社会福利服务高度专业化.但其福利模式无法应对社会现实需求且欠缺人权角度的考量.借鉴香港正反两方面经验,内地残疾人社会福利应以赋权型、发展型福利模式为理性选择,建立多元、持续、高质量的福利供给与服务机制,妥善处理政府与公益类民间组织的关系,提高福利保障的法治化程度.     

Social-welfare based task allocation for multi-robot systems with resource constraints

This paper aims to propose a distributed task allocation algorithm for a team of robots that have constraints on energy resources and operate in an unknown dynamic environment. The objective of the allocation is to maximize task completion ratio while minimizing resource usage. The approach we propose is inspired by the social welfare in economics that helps extend the combined operational lifetime of the team by balancing resource consumptions among robots. This social welfare based task allocation method positions a robot team appropriately in preparedness for dynamic future events and enables to achieve the objectives of the system flexibly depending on the application context. Our simulation-based experiments show that the proposed algorithm outperforms a typical market-based approach in various scenarios.     

目前日本教育存在的问题浅析

当今日本的教育,随着经济的发展和社会的变化,原有的教育模式受到冲击,改革的呼声越来越高.总结了战后日本教育的成果,分析了目前日本教育存在的主要问题,简述了日本教育改革提案.     

基于SFE模型的区域电力市场模拟分析

在电力市场中，采用第一价格暗标拍卖机制的日前现货市场是一种主要的交易形式。为了研究现货市场中发电企业的竞标策略及其对市场结果的影响，作建立了分析现货市场的供给函数均衡模型，其基本假设是发电企业具有通常为线性的边际成本并提交线性供给函数进行市场竞价。由于采用零截距边际成本和供给函数的假设可以简化分析，中提出了线性供给函数模型和零截距线性供给函数模型之间的转化算法，即模型的正规化问题。利用该模型进行了算例分析，所考虑的影响市场结果的因素为需求、需求弹性，完全竞争企业的容量份额和策略竞标企业的规模，市场结果包括市场出清电价、消费剩余和生产剩余以及发电企业的利润。计算结果表明策略竞标企业的规模越大，抬升市场价格的能力和动机就越强。在大企业策略竞标的条件下，完全竞争企业会获得更大的超额利润。