RuO2-IrO2-SnO2／Ti电极电催化氧化降解苯酚废水

针对火炸药废水中所含苯酚类污染物排放量大、难降解的问题,以RuO_2-IrO_2-SnO_2/Ti为阳极、Ti为阴极,氯化钠为电解质,采用电催化氧化法对模拟含苯酚火炸药废水进行了研究。考察了氯化钠浓度、电流密度、pH值、苯酚废水初始浓度对苯酚去除率等的影响。在苯酚去除率最佳的条件下研究了总有机碳(TOC)、化学需氧量(COD)去除率随时间的变化。采用高效液相色谱法推测了降解苯酚的中间产物及过程。结果表明,在氯化钠浓度为13 g·L~(-1),电流密度为30 mA·cm~(-2),pH值为5,苯酚废水初始浓度为500 mg·L~(-1)的条件下,反应60 min,苯酚去除率可达99.85%。在苯酚去除率最佳的条件下,反应100 min,TOC和COD的去除率分别可达53.55%、59.37%。该电极易于催化ClO~-、·OH等活性基团与苯环发生亲电加成反应生成芳香族化合物,并迅速将其氧化降解为脂肪族化合物及CO_2和H_2O。     

超重力场中RuO2-IrO2-SnO2/Ti阳极电催化降解含酚废水

A novel high gravity multi-concentric cylinder electrodes-rotating bed(MCCE-RB) was used in the electrocatalytic degradation of phenol wastewater with self-made RuO2-IrO2-SnO2/Ti as the anode, stainless steel as the cathode. The influences of current density, inlet liquid circulation flowrate, high gravity factor, sodium chloride concentration and initial pH value on degradation efficiencies were investigated and the optimal operating conditions were determined. The results showed that under the optimal conditions of current density of 35 mA/cm2, inlet liquid circulation flowrate of 48 L/h, high gravity factor of 20, sodium chloride concentration of 8.5 g/L, initial pH value of 6.5, reaction time of 100 min, the phenol initial concentration of 500 mg/L, the removal efficiency of phenol reached 99.7%, which was improved 10.4% than that in the normal gravity field under the optimal conditions. The tendency of removal efficiencies of phenol, total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) over time were studied. The intermediate products and degradation pathway of phenol were deduced by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).     

形稳阳极Ti/IrO_2-Ta_2O_5电Fenton法催化降解含酚废水

针对电芬顿(Fenton)降解含酚废水时,铁阳极Fe易溶解从而影响降解效率的问题,采用形稳阳极Ti/IrO_2-Ta_2O_5进行电Fenton降解含酚废水的研究。采用高效液相去谱法推测了Ti/IrO_2-Ta_2O_5阳极和Fe阳极电Fenton降解苯酚的中间产物和降解过程。结果表明,FeSO_4·7H_2O投加量0.1 g·L~(-1),H_2O_2投加量2.94 mmol·L~(-1),初始pH值3.5,电压5.0 V,降解时间2 min,苯酚和化学需氧量(COD)去除率分别达94.14%和40.74%。在相同初始pH值、电压和降解时间下,使用铁阳极,苯酚和COD的去除率分别为40.74%和26.41%。相比Fe阳极电Fenton过程,Ti/IrO_2-Ta_2O_5阳极电Fenton过程降解废水时具有H_2O_2投加量少、降解时间短、电解电压低,并且耗酸量少、处理效果好、电极不易溶解的优点。Ti/IrO_2-Ta_2O_5阳极和Fe阳极电Fenton降解苯酚的过程是相同的,但在相同降解时间内,Ti/IrO_2-Ta_2O_5阳极电Fenton法降解含酚废水效率较高,这是由于Ti/IrO_2-Ta_2O_5阳极电催化反应与Fenton反应形成协同效应,协同降解废水的效率大于单独Fe阳极Fenton反应降解废水的效率。