首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   44500篇
  免费   1924篇
  国内免费   1118篇
电工技术   1557篇
技术理论   1篇
综合类   2215篇
化学工业   8373篇
金属工艺   5054篇
机械仪表   2159篇
建筑科学   1022篇
矿业工程   473篇
能源动力   1367篇
轻工业   1840篇
水利工程   187篇
石油天然气   1183篇
武器工业   270篇
无线电   5119篇
一般工业技术   6639篇
冶金工业   1190篇
原子能技术   885篇
自动化技术   8008篇
  2025年   83篇
  2024年   421篇
  2023年   557篇
  2022年   757篇
  2021年   887篇
  2020年   832篇
  2019年   864篇
  2018年   818篇
  2017年   1113篇
  2016年   1360篇
  2015年   1564篇
  2014年   2300篇
  2013年   2172篇
  2012年   2429篇
  2011年   3923篇
  2010年   3145篇
  2009年   3350篇
  2008年   2913篇
  2007年   2991篇
  2006年   2588篇
  2005年   2233篇
  2004年   1965篇
  2003年   1974篇
  2002年   1713篇
  2001年   998篇
  2000年   772篇
  1999年   630篇
  1998年   495篇
  1997年   405篇
  1996年   273篇
  1995年   170篇
  1994年   164篇
  1993年   129篇
  1992年   121篇
  1991年   74篇
  1990年   68篇
  1989年   51篇
  1988年   32篇
  1987年   26篇
  1986年   26篇
  1985年   28篇
  1984年   22篇
  1983年   11篇
  1982年   15篇
  1981年   8篇
  1980年   10篇
  1979年   6篇
  1977年   6篇
  1953年   31篇
  1951年   3篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Exchange and oxidation of C16O were investigated at 450°C on 18O-predosed Rh and Pt catalysts supported on A12O3, CeO2 and CeO2-Al2O3. In all cases, a rapid exchange of C16O with the surface can be observed. CO oxidation leads to C16O2, C16O18O and C18O2. Significant formation of C16O2 is due to the relatively high 16O coverage in reaction resulting from the C16O exchange and from an exchange between O surface species and 16O internal atoms. Hydrogen is also formed via a water-gas shift reaction (CO + surface OH) in higher proportion on CeO2-containing catalysts than on A12O3. Chlorine inhibits all the reactions (exchange, oxidation and WGS) and particularly the internal exchange.  相似文献   
2.
Methyl groups from chain scission and H-crosslinks have been identified by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance in amorphous ethylene-propylene copolymers containing 23 and 36 mole % propylene after γ-irradiation to 10 MGy at 30°C. G (scission) and G (crosslink) values determined from the n.m.r. spectra and by extraction are in agreement, which suggests that the crosslinks are not clustered. This may differ from the situation in polyethylene where there is a substantial crystalline content. G(S). G(X) and the ratio G(S)/G(X) increase with increasing propylene content of the copolymers.  相似文献   
3.
In this study, we measured growth trends in oxygen and carbon isotopic ratios in whole sagittal otoliths from three adult centropomid fish (Lates stappersii) from each of three sub-basins of Lake Tanganyika, East Africa. Sampling density was 20 to 50 samples per otolith. Both δ18O and δ13C values increase with age. The δ18O data suggest that otoliths were precipitated near the expected equilibrium with the ambient environment (ca. +3.5‰) and support a migration pattern from surface waters during larval stages to deeper waters (40 to 80 m) for mature fish. Relatively high δ18O values in the southern sub-basin are consistent with cooler temperatures in the region during seasonal upwelling. The δ13C increase from otolith core to edge is large (up to 4‰) and is interpreted as due to ontogenetic changes in diet and contributions from a decrease in the proportion of respired CO2 incorporated into otolith carbonate as metabolic rates of the fish dropped with maturity. The data seem to successfully reveal life strategy and migration patterns of L. stappersii, document regional differences in lake conditions, and provide a record of temperature within the water column during which the fish lived. Higher resolution studies and analyses of historical samples could be used to constrain modern and past growth patterns, and to reconstruct past temperature gradients and productivity patterns in the lake.  相似文献   
4.
5.
6.
J.H Xiang 《Corrosion Science》2004,46(8):2025-2039
The oxidation of the ternary alloys Ni-45Cu-10Al and Ni-30Cu-10Al has been studied at 800-900 °C under 1 atm O2. The presence of 10 at.% Al reduces significantly the oxidation rate of the corresponding Cu-Ni alloys during the initial oxidation stages, even before the establishment of a complete Al2O3 layer. The weight of individual sample of the two ternary Ni-Cu-10Al alloys at 800 °C increases more rapidly than at 900 °C during the initial oxidation stage. As oxidation proceeds, the weight gain at 800 °C slows down to a degree that the total weight gain after 24 h oxidation at 800 °C is less than that at 900 °C. Due to a faster formation of the Al2O3 layer, which suppresses earlier the further oxidation of Cu and Ni, the external region of the scales grown on Ni-45Cu-10Al contain much less Cu and Ni oxides than those grown on Ni-30Cu-10Al. The transition from the internal oxidation to the selective external oxidation of the most reactive component Al in Ni-Cu-Al alloys is favored by higher values of the Al content, of temperature and of the Cu/Ni ratio.  相似文献   
7.
《Drying Technology》2007,25(5):891-899
Degradation kinetics of food constituents may be related to the matrix molecular mobility by glass transition temperature. Our objective was to test this approach to describe ascorbic acid degradation during drying of persimmons in an automatically controlled tray dryer with temperatures (40 to 70°C) and air velocities (0.8 to 2.0 m/s) varying according a second order central composite design. The Williams-Landel-Ferry model was satisfactorily adjusted to degradation curves for both control strategies adopted—constant air temperature and temperature fixed inside the fruit. Degradation rates were higher at higher drying temperatures, independent of the necessary time to attain the desired moisture content.  相似文献   
8.
High resolution XPS analysis of chemical functionalised multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) was done with ESCA300 (overall instrument resolution of 0.35 eV). Information to the degree of functionalisation was ascertained by argon ion bombardment of the samples followed by XPS analysis to detect the functional groups, the percentage atomic concentration of various elements present and whether or not the detected functional groups imposed a chemical shift on the CNT atoms. The results show that true chemical functionalisation was achieved and by argon ion bombardment these functional groups can be altered relative to the C 1s carbon atoms of the CNT. The choice of chemicals used for functionalisation, the techniques employed and the types of nanotubes treated are important factors in chemical characterisation. The carbon atom on the nanotube ring to which the functional group (atom) is bonded, the chirality of the CNT, the electronegativity of the functional group, the bond type and whether the CNT is single-wall or multi-wall, or cut (short) could play a role in determining the chemical shift on the CNTs atoms. These investigations are relevant to chemical functionalisation of carbon nanotubes for various applications for example DNA sensors and other biomedical sensors.  相似文献   
9.
Enhancement of the basic properties of the X zeolite with FAU framework has been carried out during synthesis, without further treatment such as ion-exchange or impregnation. Control of the washing stage enables retention of the optimum amount of alkaline hydroxides, which increases the basic catalytic activity of X zeolite in the alkylation of toluene. This alkaline hydroxides neither affect the FAU framework nor the silicon/aluminium molar ratio of the X zeolite. The optimum (Na + K)/Al molar ratio of the improved catalyst was 1.06 corresponding to a washing volume of 200 mL. This X zeolite presented better catalytic activity than a cesium-zeolite prepared by ion-exchange. The presence of hydroxysodalite impurity in the X zeolite increased the amount of impregnated alkaline hydroxides but not the catalytic activity. The present study shows that it is possible to increase the basic properties of the X zeolite directly in the synthesis process.  相似文献   
10.
Recent high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM) studies of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) reveal a class of defects analogous to edge dislocations in a crystal. These defects are believed to mark the transition from scrolls on one side to nested tubes on the other. On the tube side, layer spacing becomes irregular. Analysis of the helicity of the tubes shows a strong correlation between diameter and helicity. This suggests that the organizing principle for the tubes is not Van der Waals forces, as in the case of graphite or turbostratic carbon, but preservation of helicity. Based on these observations and total energy calculations, the authors speculate that graphene monolayers initially form scrolls and subsequently transform into multiwall nanotubes through the progression of defects. Scrolls and nested tubes thus coexist within a single MWNT.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号