基于现代审美下的赣傩艺术元素分析与设计应用

目的 赣傩艺术元素内容丰富并保存完整,是研究我国古代赣傩地区文化与艺术的珍贵史料.研究赣傩艺术元素的提取及衍生图案的设计方法,在设计应用中表达赣傩傩面具、选取傩舞形和构筑傩庙魂,能给当代赣傩艺术元素的产品设计以指引.方法 通过直接引用、形意结合和局部强化的设计方法,增厚其丰富内涵、设计个性和主题意蕴.通过现代化审美中"绿色化、感性化、地域化"的要求,遵循"以退为进,化繁为简""多元并存,个性体现"的原则,强化赣傩艺术元素的独特风格.结论 用现代的手法,将特色的赣傩艺术元素植入到理性的产品设计中去,使赣傩艺术元素与现代设计思想有机结合.在继承传统文化与现代流行中找到契合点,深入挖掘赣傩艺术元素蕴含的文化精神、文化胸怀和文化自信,使中华传统文化在现代审美下进行创新再现.     

Development and quality evaluation of a cereal-based breakfast product from yellow maize (Zea mays), sesame (Sesamum indicum) and mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) flour blends

Composite flours were prepared from blends of yellow maize (Zea mays), sesame seed (Sesamum indicum) and oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) powder in the ratio of 80:20:0; 75:20:5; 70:20:10; 65:20:15 and 60:20:20, respectively to produce the cereal-based breakfast product coded as YSB, SMB, TMB, PMB and OMB with YSB as the control. The breakfast cereals were produced by hydration and toasting of yellow maize and sesame to 160°C for 25 min and blended together with oven-dried and packaged oyster mushroom. The developed products were analysed for proximate, vitamins, minerals and sensory properties. The proximate composition (%) of different blends ranged as moisture (4.07–7.08), ash (3.09–2.28), crude fat (16.04–12.83), crude fibre (4.30–8.22), protein (16.14–22.54), carbohydrate (56.34–47.04) and energy (434.34–393.83 Kcal). Vitamin A (7.99–5.98 mg/100 g), vitamin B₁ (0.08–0.42 mg/100 g), vitamin B₂ (0.06–0.15 mg/100 g), vitamin B₃ (1.91–4.52 mg/100 g) and vitamin C (3.55–3.32 mg/100 g) were u while minerals (mg/100 g) were calcium (75.31–58.02), potassium (0.65–4.01), magnesium (12.25–12.62), iron (1.21–4.15) and zinc (0.40–1.32). Sensory scores revealed that the cereal-based breakfast product were acceptable to the panellist with oyster mushroom supplementation up to 10%.     

创新扩散视野下颈椎枕的产品设计策略研究

目的 针对现有产品设计在功能创新与产品采纳等方面的问题，基于创新扩散理论，以产品的功能、观念等方面及迭代策略方法为研究对象，创造和优化颈椎枕产品设计方法。方法 以智能助眠颈椎枕产品设计为实验样本，从创新扩散理论视角归纳产品创新过程中的核心问题，将产品的设计及优化方向纳入核心功能、用户体验、应用场景创新等不同优化路径，并在用户群体中划分出具有强扩散倾向的用户群体，根据其需求制定不同迭代策略，从而获得不同优化策略的细分迭代产品并投放市场进行扩散检验。结果 将2类不同产品线的迭代产品进行交叉对比验证，发现了总采纳比原产品提升了15.8%。同时对潜在用户群体进行针对性扩散实验结果，显示出显著的扩散潜量边界突破的表达。结论 探索了以创新扩散为目标的设计思路，在颈椎枕产品优化设计中的应用。提出了“扩散特征表达需求，并驱动创新，而后影响创新采纳效果”的产品设计模式。证明了根据扩散过程的信息反馈进行的产品迭代，提升了用户的新增采纳概率和模仿采纳概率。同时验证了以创新扩散需求为导向的产品设计策略研究的可行性。     

基于形态审美的产品基因网络造型研究

目的 利用产品形态审美基因网络，对台灯外轮廓曲线的相关性进行综合分析，析出产品优化与创新设计的关键要素。方法 以三次贝塞尔曲线对台灯的外轮廓曲线进行基因编码，规律性调整控制点的坐标生成新曲线形态，进行曲线视觉力感知识别，挖掘曲线间的相关性;以曲线基因为节点，相关性为边构建产品形态审美基因网络，并对网络进行拓扑分析，析出关键设计节点辅助设计者进行产品设计。结果 运用产品形态基因网络的理论找到原型设计的关键性节点，并进行设计优化，使产品造型设计更符合消费者的审美习惯和偏好。结论 通过对台灯外轮廓线的案例实践，证实了产品形态基因网络在产品细节优化和造型创新设计方面具有实用性和可靠性，能够辅助设计者找到关键设计节点并协调设计的基因集团。     

基于可供性的文化意象交互式智能音箱设计研究

目的 探索将文化民俗有效融入现代产品中的技术思路，保留并延续中华传统文化的生命力，有助于提升用户体验。方法 分析可供性与文化意象之间的主客观互通性;挖掘交互式智能音箱中的可供性触点;构建形态、感官、认知及情境四类可供性的设计框架;以楚文化意象为例进行设计实践，对智能音箱的产品造型与交互操作方式进行设计，并进行设计评价。结果 在可供性理论指导下的楚文化意象交互式智能音箱产品外观及交互体验设计较好地满足了设计目标和用户需求。结论 可供性有助于文化意象的正确提取与转化，可将意象抽象为具有实际意义的设计要素，帮助用户在生理与认知两个层面理解产品的使用方法，同时进一步回味、体验文化内涵和文化精髓。     

Green Measurements for Software Product Based on Sustainability Dimensions

Software is a central component in the modern world and vastly affects the environment’s sustainability. The demand for energy and resource requirements is rising when producing hardware and software units. Literature study reveals that many studies focused on green hardware; however, limited efforts were made in the greenness of software products. Green software products are necessary to solve the issues and problems related to the long-term use of software, especially from a sustainability perspective. Without a proper mechanism for measuring the greenness of a particular software product executed in a specific environment, the mentioned benefits will not be attained. Currently, there are not enough works to address this problem, and the green status of software products is uncertain and unsure. This paper aims to identify the green measurements based on sustainable dimensions in a software product. The second objective is to reveal the relationships between the elements and measurements through empirical study. The study is conducted in two phases. The first phase is the theoretical phase, where the main components, measurements and practices that influence the sustainability of a software product are identified. The second phase is the empirical study that involved 103 respondents in Malaysia investigating current practices of green software in the industrial environment and further identifying the main sustainability dimensions and measurements and their impact on achieving green software products. This study has revealed seven green measurements of software product: Productivity, Usability, Cost Reduction, Employee Support, Energy Efficiency, Resource Efficiency and Tool Support. The relationships are statistically significant, with a significance level of less than 0.01 (p = 0.000). Thus, the hypothesised relationships were all accepted. The contributions of this study revolve around the research perspectives of the measurements to attain a green software product.     

基于魅力工学的盲盒玩偶外观要素研究

目的 随着潮玩市场的不断发展，盲盒玩偶受到了大量年轻消费者的青睐。通过研究盲盒玩偶外观与消费者偏好之间的关系，可以了解现代年轻群体的审美偏好，从而辅助设计师创造出更多满足消费者偏好的产品。方法 基于魅力工学等研究方法展开定性与定量研究。以POP MART盲盒玩偶为研究对象，首先进行深度访谈，根据访谈内容绘制盲盒玩偶外观评价构造图，得到消费者对偏好的盲盒玩偶外观的原始评价、抽象感受和关注的具体要素;再结合抽象语义设计Likert问卷，并进行问卷调研，以此获得盲盒玩偶的魅力评价均值;最后运用数量化I类理论进行多元回归分析，建立多个要素与消费者审美偏好之间的线性关系。结果 利用SPSS26.0统计软件进行定量研究，得到“治愈温馨”“纯洁可爱”“潮酷个性”“有趣搞怪”四类语义分别与消费者吸引力的线性关系，以及具有显著影响的外观设计要素。结论 研究获得了消费者对不同语义盲盒玩偶外观的审美偏好与关注要素，以及不同职业、不同年龄段消费者对盲盒玩偶外观审美偏好程度的差异。研究结果对潮玩设计师的创作具有参考性意义，也可将研究结果拓展应用于小型艺术装饰品/创意玩具等类似产品中。     

面向老龄化社会的产品服务系统设计赋能

目的 针对面向老龄化社会的产品及产品服务系统设计,将赋能的设计理念和价值引入其中,探索设计结果提升老年人能动性和参与性的赋能品质,为设计师开展设计赋能实践提供参考.方法 以设计教学中的学生设计方案作为研究材料,邀请设计研究者参与工作坊,对设计结果的赋能属性进行分析,并通过聚类获得类别化的设计属性,产生了能描述赋能品质的属性词汇表.结果 总结了包含5组形容词组的设计赋能品质集,这一集合包含"顺应性"和"激励性"两个面向.结论 研究结果为设计师进行老龄化设计提供了知识参考,有助于提升设计师的赋能意识.揭示了设计赋能充满矛盾性的品质,提出面向老龄化的设计赋能需要在"顺应"和"激励"之间找到平衡.     

“一锅煮”制备Biginelli和Hantzsch两种产物及其结构分析

苯甲醛、尿素和乙酰乙酸乙酯三组分“一锅煮”可以同时制备Biginelli和Hantzsch两种产物。教学中通过改变催化剂种类、反应物料比、反应溶剂等条件，引导学生探讨反应条件的改变对总产率及两种异构体比例的影响。实验中通过薄层色谱来跟踪反应进程，通过柱色谱分离混合物，最后通过熔点、红外光谱对合成的化合物进行结构表征。本实验集无机化学、有机化学、基础分析化学和仪器分析于一体，具有很强的实用性和可操作性，可作为有机化学实验中的综合性、设计性实验开设。     

Eugenol,citral, and hexanal,alone or in combination with heat,affect viability,biofilm formation,and swarming on Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli

Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains are pathogenic for humans and cause mild to severe illnesses. In this study, the antimicrobial effect of citral, eugenol, and hexanal in combination with heat shock (HS) was evaluated in terms of the growth, biofilm formation, swarming, and expression of virulence genes of STEC serotypes (O157:H7, O103, O111, and O26). Eugenol was the most effective compound against the growth of E. coli strains (MBC = 0.58 to 0.73 mg/mL), followed by citral (MBC = 0.86 to 1.26 mg/mL) and hexanal (MBC = 2.24 to 2.52 mg/mL). Biofilm formation and swarming motility have great variability between STEC strains. Natural compounds—alone or combined with HS—inhibited biofilm formation; however, swarming motility was induced by most treatments. The expression of the studied genes during biofilm formation and swarming under natural antimicrobials was affected but not in a uniform pattern. These treatments could be used to control contamination of STEC and inhibit biofilm formation.