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1.
Mechanical vibrations seem to affect the behaviour of different cell types and the functions of different organs. Pressure waves, including acoustic waves (sounds), could affect cytoskeletal molecules via coherent changes in their spatial organization and mechano-transduction signalling. We analyzed the sounds spectra and their fractal features. Cardiac muscle HL1 cells were exposed to different sounds, were stained for cytoskeletal markers (phalloidin, beta-actin, alpha-tubulin, alpha-actinin-1), and studied with multifractal analysis (using FracLac for ImageJ). A single cell was live-imaged and its dynamic contractility changes in response to each different sound were analysed (using Musclemotion for ImageJ). Different sound stimuli seem to influence the contractility and the spatial organization of HL1 cells, resulting in a different localization and fluorescence emission of cytoskeletal proteins. Since the cellular behaviour seems to correlate with the fractal structure of the sound used, we speculate that it can influence the cells by virtue of the different sound waves’ geometric properties that we have photographed and filmed. A theoretical physical model is proposed to explain our results, based on the coherent molecular dynamics. We stress the role of the systemic view in the understanding of the biological activity.  相似文献   
2.
Photocatalytic water splitting has become a promising technology to solve environmental pollution and energy shortage. Exploring stable and efficient photocatalysts are highly desired. Herein, we propose novel low-dimensional InSbS3 semiconductors with good stability based on density functional theory. Such InSbS3 structures could be obtained from their bulk crystal by suitable exfoliation methods. Our calculations indicate that two-dimensional (2D) and one-dimensional (1D) InSbS3 nanostructures have moderate band gaps (2.54 and 1.97 eV, respectively) and suitable band edge alignments, which represents sufficient redox capacity for photocatalytic water splitting. 2D InSbS3 monolayer possesses oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity and 1D InSbS3 single-nanochain possesses hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity under acidic conditions. Interestingly, two edge electron states can be introduced when the dimension of InSbS3 is reduced from 2D to 1D and the new electron states can exist in arbitrary-width nanoribbons, which can effectively promote the process of HER. Moreover, InSbS3 monolayer and single-nanochain also exhibit large solar-to-hydrogen efficiency, high carrier mobility, and excellent optical absorption properties, which can facilitate the process of photocatalytic reactions. Our findings can stimulate the synthesis and applications of low-dimensional InSbS3 semiconductors for overall water splitting.  相似文献   
3.
Ge2Sb2Tes is the most widely utilized chalcogenide phase-change material for non-volatile photonic applications,which undergoes amorphous-cubic and cubic-hexagonal phase transition under external excitations.However,the cubic-hexagonal optical contrast is negligible,only the amorphous-cubic phase transition of Ge2Sb2Te5 is available.This limits the optical switching states of traditional active dis-plays and absorbers to two.We find that increasing structural disorder difference of cubic-hexagonal can increase optical contrast close to the level of amorphous-cubic.Therefore,an amorphous-cubic-hexagonal phase transition with high optical contrast is realized.Using this phase transition,we have developed display and absorber with three distinct switching states,improving the switching perfor-mance by 50%.Through the combination of first-principle calculations and experiments,we reveal that the key to increasing structural disorder difference of amorphous,cubic and hexagonal phases is to intro-duce small interstitial impurities(like N)in Ge2Sb2Tes,rather than large substitutional impurities(like Ag)previously thought.This is explained by the formation energy and lattice distortion.Based on the impurity atomic radius,interstitial site radius and formation energy,C and B are also potential suit-able impurities.In addition,introducing interstitial impurities into phase-change materials with van der Waals gaps in stable phase such as GeSb4Te7,GeSb2Te4,Ge3Sb2Te6,Sb2Te3 will produce high optical con-trast amorphous-metastable-stable phase transition.This research not only reveals the important role of interstitial impurities in increasing the optical contrast between metastable-stable phases,but also proposes varieties of candidate matrices and impurities.This provides new phase-change materials and design methods for non-volatile optical devices with multi-switching states.  相似文献   
4.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(15):21856-21867
In this work, ZnO nanowires with high aspect ratio were obtained by fast and simple electrochemical anodization. Morphological, structural and photoelectrochemical characteristics of the synthesized ZnO nanowires were evaluated by using different techniques: field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV–VIS spectroscopy, Mott-Schottky analysis and photoelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The synthesized ZnO nanowires presented high roughness and high crystallinity. Besides, surface defects were identified in the sample. The value of the donor density (ND) was in the order of 1019 cm?3 in the dark and 1020 cm?3 under illumination. In addition, the ZnO nanowires presented good photosensibility, with a photocurrent density response 85 times higher than a ZnO compact layer, and lower resistance to charge transfer. The charge transfer processes taking place at the ZnO/electrolyte interface were studied, since these processes strongly influence the photoelectrocatalytic efficiency of the material. According to the results, the charge transfer of holes in the synthesized ZnO nanowires occurs indirectly via surface states. In this regard, surface states may be an important feature for photoelectrocatalytic applications since they could provide lower onset voltages and higher anodic current densities.  相似文献   
5.
基于地质、地震及钻测井新资料,对准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷下二叠统风城组全油气系统形成的基本条件、常规-非常规油藏有序共生特征以及成藏模式进行系统研究。结果表明,受风城组碱湖优质烃源岩热演化及其生排烃过程、多类型(砾岩、砂岩、白云岩、泥页岩)储集层特征的控制,形成了常规构造-岩性油藏及受源储结构控制的致密油和页岩油。平面上,自玛湖凹陷周缘斜坡区向凹陷区,呈现成熟常规油藏—中高成熟致密油—中高成熟页岩油的有序共生特征。基于风城组常规-非常规油藏有序共生特征,明确风城组油气具有大面积连续聚集的特点,存在源储一体、源储紧邻、源储分离3类成藏模式,3类成藏模式在源储结构、储集层岩性及其空间分布、烃类运移特征、油气类型等方面存在差异。明确了准噶尔盆地应加快统筹常规-非常规油气整体布控与一体化推进,实现全油气系统的整体突破。进一步丰富陆相含油气盆地油气富集地质理论,以期为其他富烃凹陷的勘探研究做类比参考。  相似文献   
6.
提出一种融合节点状态信息的跨社交网络用户对齐方法, 通过网络表示捕获节点的局部特征和节点状态信息得到每个账户的嵌入向量, 计算不同账户对应表示之间的相似性发现对齐用户。在2个真实数据集上的试验结果表明, 提出的方法相对于其他方法可以对齐更多的用户。在预测不同尺度的top-k时, 提出的方法在网络结构较稠密的Twitter-Foursquare数据集上能够在top-9时对齐准确率达到50%且在稀疏且大网络数据集DM-ML上相比其他方法对齐准确率提高12.06%~36.62%;在分析F1-score时, 提出的方法能够有效提高用户对齐的性能。  相似文献   
7.
8.
光化学反应包括直接光解和间接氧化反应,其中间接氧化反应主要通过活性氧化性物种(reactive oxygen species, ROS)包括单线态氧(1O2)、过氧自由基(O2-)和羟基自由基(·OH)等进行。近年来,有机激发三重态(3C*)作为一种特殊的氧化剂参与光化学反应引起了广泛关注。本文主要综述了有机三重态光敏剂的形成和光化学反应机制、3C*参与的环境光化学反应、3C*自由基寿命、反应速率及稳态浓度测定和激发三重态的应用5个方面,并对未来有机分子激发三重态的研究方向进行了展望,指出3C*是很多挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)或半/中等挥发性有机化合物(S/IVOCs)在大气中重要的汇,自然水体中溶解性有机质(dissolved organic matter,DOM)的激发三重态(3DOM*)是污染物降解的主要氧化剂。今后应扩大3C*与有机物反应的研究范畴,测定不同体系中3C*的稳态浓度、产生速率(量子产率)等,为污染物治理提供理论依据。  相似文献   
9.
Although both the phase type and fraction of multi-phase coexistence can affect the electrical properties of (K,Na)NbO3 (KNN)-based ceramics, effects of phase fraction on their electrical properties were few concerned. In this work, through changing the calcination temperature of CaZrO3 powders, we successfully developed the 0.96 K0.5Na0.5Nb0.96Sb0.04O3-0.01CaZrO3-0.03Bi0.5Na0.5HfO3 ceramics containing a wide rhombohedral-tetragonal (R-T) phase coexistence with the variations of T (or R) phase fractions. It was found that higher T phase fraction can warrant a larger piezoelectric constant (d33) and d33 also showed a linear variation with respect to tetragonality ratio (c/a). More importantly, a number of domain patterns were observed due to high T phase fraction and large c/a ratio, greatly benefiting the piezoelectricity. In addition, the improved ferroelectric fatigue behavior and thermal stability were also shown in the ceramics containing high T phase fraction. Therefore, this work can bring a new viewpoint into the physical mechanism of KNN-based ceramics behind R-T phase coexistence.  相似文献   
10.
Many U.S. states and cities have imposed water disconnection moratoriums during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using logistic and Cox Proportional-Hazards models, we assess factors that differentiate which governments imposed moratoriums. States, which have economic regulation of private water utilities, were more likely to impose moratoriums, and those with higher COVID-19 case rates imposed moratoriums earlier. States with unified Republican Control and cities with more 2016 Trump voters were less likely to impose moratoriums on water disconnection. Cities in states without statewide moratoriums, were more likely to impose moratoriums if they had higher income, more minority residents, and more income inequality.  相似文献   
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