高耸桥墩保护性爆破拆除关键技术

为解决高耸钢砼桥墩上部倾斜导致的工程质量不合格问题,采用保护性控制爆破将上部倾斜部分钢砼桥墩予以拆除,同时保留下部未偏斜部分桥墩不受破坏。采用开设组合形状切口,预开定向窗、导向窗;设置组合高差卸荷槽,预伤钢筋弱化抗压抗拉能力为关键措施的控制爆破方案。方案实施取得了十分满意的效果,上部拟拆除部分桥墩顺利倾倒下坠,下部保留部分桥墩完好无损。采用保护性控制爆破技术能高效、安全地解决类似高耸钢砼桥墩(构筑物)部分拆除、部分保留利用的问题,并能取得可观的经济、社会效益。     

控轧控冷中碳非调质钢的高周疲劳性能

 采用中碳非调质钢制造的轴类等零件常承受交变载荷，因而对钢材疲劳性能具有高的要求。为了评估控轧控冷工艺生产的非调质钢棒材的疲劳性能，利用旋转弯曲疲劳试验机研究了一种常用的钒微合金化中碳非调质钢38MnVS及对比钢38MnS的高周疲劳性能。结果表明，与38MnS钢相比，38MnVS钢中铁素体体积分数增加，组织明显细化；相分析表明约有54%的钒处于M（C，N）相中，且尺寸小于10 nm的M（C，N）粒子质量分数为32%，这些细小粒子的析出强化增量约为116 MPa。38MnVS钢的疲劳极限较38MnS钢提高了62 MPa，提高幅度约为18%；疲劳极限比从38MnS钢的0.43提高到38MnVS钢的0.48。M（C，N）相的析出强化及组织细化是38MnVS钢较38MnS钢具有优异疲劳性能的主要原因，但其疲劳性能仍低于锻态非调质钢。根据试验结果及文献数据，给出了预测铁素体＋珠光体型非调质钢疲劳极限的简便方法。     

Chitosan Microspheres as Carriers for pH‐Indicating Species in Corrosion Sensing

Chitosan microspheres containing bromocresol green, cresol red, and phenolphthalein for corrosion detection, through pH change, are synthesized in order to be used in protective coatings for aluminium alloys. Microspheres containing corrosion detection species are characterized morphologically (SEM) and physico‐chemically (FTIR, TGA). Release studies (UV–vis) are performed in corrosion‐promoting conditions (pH, NaCl), and detection studies by immersion in media associated with corrosion activity while microspheres' sensing activity is evaluated visually. Electrochemical characterization of AA2024 substrates in the presence of chitosan spheres is performed to understand material performance, and a color change is observed as a result of local pH increase in cathodic areas when corrosion takes place. These findings can be correlated with the results from release studies and seem a promising approach for corrosion sensing purposes, not only because pH increase is possible to detect due to corrosion, but also because chitosan is considered an environmentally friendly material.     

Reproducible,biocompatible medical materials from biologically derived polysaccharides: Processing and Characterization

Natural polysaccharides like chitosan and dextran have garnered considerable interest in biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and nontoxicity. Nonetheless, the development of a reproducible class of medical devices from these materials is challenging and has had limited success. Chitosan and dextran are inherently variable and synthesis using these materials is prone to inconsistencies. In this study, we put forward a robust product development regimen that allows these natural materials to be developed into a reproducible class of biomaterials. First, an array of validated characterization methods (Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, titrations, Ultraviolet spectroscopy, Size Exclusion Chromatography—Multi-Angle Light Scattering, Size Exclusion Chromatography—Refractive Index, and proprietary methods) were developed that allowed rigorous specifications to be set for unprocessed chitosan and dextran, chitosan and dextran intermediates, and chemically modified materials—acrylated chitosan (aCHN) and oxidized dextran (oDEX). Second, a robust and reproducible synthesis scheme involving various in-process controls was developed to chemically modify the unprocessed polysaccharides. Third, purification methods to remove byproducts and low-molecular-weight impurities for both aCHN and oDEX were developed. The study presents a viable strategy for converting variable, natural materials into a reproducible class of biomaterials that can be applied in various biomedical applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48454.     

气调醇化过程中片烟细菌群落结构的变化

气调醇化是片烟醇化的一种方法。微生物尤其是细菌在片烟醇化过程中对烟叶的吸食品质起着至关重要的作用。为研究气调醇化过程中片烟细菌群落结构变化规律，利用Illumina MiSeq测序平台比较气调防霉杀虫阶段（S1）、气调醇化阶段（S2）及气调保质阶段（S3）共36份样品的细菌16S rDNA序列的多样性。结果表明，从S1到S3的过程中，片烟中细菌的物种丰富度和多样性水平呈增加趋势。S1阶段片烟的优势种群为鞘氨醇单胞菌属、假单胞菌属和甲基杆菌属，其占比在整个气调醇化过程中呈逐渐下降趋势；S2阶段的优势种群为芽孢杆菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属和伯克霍尔德菌属，其中芽孢杆菌属和伯克霍尔德菌属在整个气调醇化过程中占比呈先上升后下降的趋势；S3阶段细菌种群分布较为均匀。非度量多维尺度分析结果表明，3个醇化阶段的样品可以较明显地区分开来。可见，气调醇化过程中片烟的细菌种群组成非常丰富，不同醇化阶段活跃的微生物类群有所不同，鞘氨醇单胞菌属、假单胞菌属和甲基杆菌属主要在醇化前期参与了烟叶醇化过程，而芽孢杆菌属和伯克霍尔德菌属则主要在醇化后期发挥着微生物醇化的作用。     

Combined constant speed control method for a wind generator equipped with hydraulic energy storage

A wind generator equipped with hydraulic energy storage (WG‐HES) uses hydraulic transmission systems instead of gearbox transmissions, thus eliminating high‐power converters and reducing the tower‐top cabin weight. When there is no wind or the wind speed is extremely low, the pressured oil released by accumulators is used to drive a motor to operate at a constant speed, thereby generating constant‐frequency power. However, few studies have examined the constant speed control characteristics for generating electricity using only an accumulator group. In this study, a combined constant speed (CCS) proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control method based on “variable displacement and throttling” is proposed, which includes two closed loops and one regulating loop. First, a simulation model of the CCS PID control method for a variable motor was established in the Simcenter Amesim program. The influence of different PID parameters on the anti‐interference ability of the constant speed control of the motor was analyzed under a given load step. Then, we obtained the range of control parameter values and a set of optimal values. Second, the effectiveness of the CCS control method and the accuracy of the simulation results were verified on a 600‐kW WG‐HES system prototype. The results verified that the CCS control method has good anti‐interference ability and can meet the requirements of constant speed control for a variable motor under the best PID parameters. These results can provide a basis for developing control strategies for WG‐HESs when there is no wind or at low wind speeds.     

PEG-PLA-PCL based electrospun yarns with curcumin control release property as suture

This work presents an interesting method using an electrospinning process to fabricate suture yarns loaded with curcumin to achieve reasonable mechanical properties as well as tunable drug release behavior. Different structures including different yarn counts and twists as well as core-sheath structures were used to adjust drug release properties along with improving the yarn's mechanical properties. The core parts were made of polycaprolactone and the sheath parts were made of polyethylene glycol, polylactic acid, and polycaprolactone. Drugs can be incorporated in both parts based on the required condition and application. Electrospun yarns were compared using both structural properties and their drug release profiles as metrics. The results of comparing drug release profiles of six electrospun yarns with different yarn counts and twists showed that yarns with finer fiber diameters in the core part have more drug release as well as more initial release. Overall evaluations showed that core-sheath drugloaded yarn with appropriate physical and mechanical properties can be a useful material as a drug delivery system to the site of damaged tissue. It can also be concluded that the amount and duration of drug release can be controlled using the structural parameters of electrospun yarns as an engineering tool for designing suture yarns with required properties.     

Surface modification of multiwalled carbon nanotubes via surface RAFT copolymerization method and capecitabine-loaded anticancer hydrogel for controlled drug delivery in stomach

ABSTRACT

In our work, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)/carbon nanotube (CNT)/acrylic acid (AA)/acrylamide (AAm) nanocomposite was synthesized by living radical polymerization. The structure and surface morphology of the synthesized RAFT-CNT-Hydrogel nanocomposites were analyzed by FTIR, ¹HNMR, SEM, TEM, XRD, and TGA/DTG techniques. The results indicated that PAA/AAm chains grafted with CNT by RAFT polymerization. RAFT-CNT-Hydrogel nanocomposites for drug release investigated in different buffers resulted in a strong pH-sensitive behavior. In total, the obtained hydrogel drug-delivery systems are presented a proper effect versus stomach cancer in vitro and in vivo, and it can be used as candidates for controlled release of anticancer drugs in stomach with exalted remedial agents.     

控锻控冷工艺对GCr15轴承钢力学性能的影响

探究不同控锻控冷热处理工艺对GCr15钢力学性能的影响,测试了它的回火稳定性、冲击性能、滚动接触疲劳寿命。结果表明,采用控锻控冷工艺可提高试样的抗回火稳定性,冲击性能提高50%以上,接触疲劳寿命提高40%以上。     

Development of docetaxel nanocapsules for improving in vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake in MCF-7 cells

The aim of this study was to fabricate docetaxel loaded nanocapsules (DTX-NCs) with a high payload using Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technique by successive coating with alternate layers of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. Developed nanocapsules (NCs) were characterized in terms of morphology, particle size distribution, zeta potential (ζ-potential), entrapment efficiency and in vitro release. The morphological characteristics of the NCs were assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that revealed coating of polyelectrolytes around the surface of particles. The developed NCs successfully attained a submicron particle size while the ζ-potential of optimized NCs alternated between (+) 34.64?±?1.5 mV to (?) 33.25?±?2.1 mV with each coating step. The non-hemolytic potential of the NCs indicated the suitability of the developed formulation for intravenous administration. A comparative study indicated that the cytotoxicity of positively charged NCs (F4) was significant higher (p?in vitro on MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, cell uptake studies evidenced a higher uptake of positive NCs (≥1.2 fold) in comparison to negative NCs. In conclusion, formulated NCs are an ideal vehicle for passive targeting of drugs to tumor cells that may result in improved efficacy and reduced toxicity of encapsulated drug moiety.