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1.
Nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) is crucial for extracting patterns of electricity consumption of household appliance that can guide users’ behavior in using electricity while their privacy is respected. This study proposes an online method based on the transient behavior of individual appliances as well as system steady-state characteristics to estimate the operating states of the appliances. It determines the number of states for each appliance using the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) method and models the transition relationship among different states. The states of the working appliances are identified from aggregated power signals using the Kalman filtering method in the factorial hidden Markov model (FHMM). Thereafter, the identified states are confirmed by the verification of system states, which are the combination of the working states of individual appliances. The verification step involves comparing the total measured power consumption with the total estimated power consumption. The use of transient features can achieve fast state inference and it is suitable for online load disaggregation. The proposed method was tested on a high-resolution data set such as Labeled hIgh-Frequency daTaset for Electricity Disaggregation (LIFTED) and it outperformed other related methods in the literature.  相似文献   
2.
The present study was aimed to develop Annona muricata fruit extract loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and explore its cytotoxic potential in vitro model of breast cancers. Extract loaded SLNs were successfully prepared by high-pressure homogenization followed by ultrasonication method and optimized using 23 full factorial design. The extract loaded SLNs were characterized using different parameters such as particle size (PS), % entrapment efficiency (EE), zeta potential (ZP) and % cumulative drug release (CDR). The SLNs formulation was optimized on the basis of software analysis with an overall desirability factor. The PS and %EE of the optimized formulation were found to be 134.8?nm and 83.26%, respectively. The optimized formulation showed a CDR of 79.83% up to 48?h. In vitro cytotoxicity efficacy of extract loaded SLNs was determined using MTT and Apoptosis assay and compared to that of a free extract. The SLNs showed a notable apoptotic effect and better efficacy to kill MCF7 cancer cells as compared to free extract. Thus, extract loaded SLNs could be an alternative dosage form which possibly controls therapeutic action with reducing side effect.  相似文献   
3.
The effects of reaction time, concentration of aqueous sodium hydroxide and molar ratio iodomethane/chitosan on the yield of the reaction of chitosan with iodomethane in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) at 25.0 ± 0.1 °C, as well as on the characteristics of the resulting N,N,N‐trimethylchitosan (TMCh), were evaluated by using full‐factorial 23 design analysis and response surface methodology. This study also aimed to determine the reaction conditions allowing the production of water‐soluble TMCh presenting a high average degree of quaternization and intrinsic viscosity at high reaction yield. 1H NMR spectroscopy was employed for structural characterization, including the determination of average degrees of acetylation () and quaternization (), while capillary viscometry was used to determine intrinsic viscosity [η]. The results show that when the extensive N‐methylation is carried out for 24 h in NMP/15% NaOH (w/v) employing a lower excess of iodomethane (CH3I/Ch = 9), water‐soluble highly substituted ( = 46.0%) TMCh ([η] = 213.0 mL g?1) can be produced in high yield (81.8%). The highly significant mathematical models resulting from this study describe the dependence of the experimental responses on the reaction conditions and allow the characteristics and properties of the resulting TMCh to be defined by properly choosing the reaction conditions. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   
4.
This article presents a new approach for solving the Optimal Control Problem (OCP) of linear time-delay systems with a quadratic cost functional. The proposed method can also be used for designing optimal control time-delay systems with disturbance. In this study, the Variational Iteration Method (VIM) is employed to convert the original Time-Delay Optimal Control Problem (TDOCP) into a sequence of nonhomogeneous linear two-point boundary value problems (TPBVPs). The optimal control law obtained consists of an accurate linear feedback term and a nonlinear compensation term which is the limit of an adjoint vector sequence. The feedback term is determined by solving Riccati matrix differential equation. By using the finite-step iteration of a nonlinear compensation sequence, we can obtain a suboptimal control law. Finally, Illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique.  相似文献   
5.
ABSTRACT

Chebyshev interpolation is a highly effective, intensively studied method and enjoys excellent numerical properties which provides tremendous application potential in mathematical finance. The interpolation nodes are known beforehand, implementation is straightforward and the method is numerically stable. For efficiency, a sharp error bound is essential, in particular for high-dimensional applications. For tensorized Chebyshev interpolation, we present an error bound that improves existing results significantly.  相似文献   
6.
近年来,随着风、光电源的大量接入,系统运行的不确定性增大,考虑了系统运行随机因素的随机潮流受到更广泛的关注。提出了一种基于广义多项式混沌法的电力系统随机潮流计算方法。该方法利用广义多项式混沌法的正交多项式逼近思想,将系统的随机性分离至正交多项式基,并利用直角坐标潮流方程的二次性避免非线性潮流方程展开的高阶截断误差,进而利用随机Galerkin法,将随机潮流方程转换为一组确定性方程,通过此方程的求解获得随机潮流状态变量的正交多项式逼近系数,由此系数可获得相关变量的期望和方差,并可结合蒙特卡洛仿真,获得变量的概率密度。IEEE 9节点系统的算例表明,该方法的计算误差大致随多项式逼近阶数的上升而指数下降,通常条件下三阶逼近即可获得较高的精度,具有比蒙特卡洛仿真法更高的计算效率。  相似文献   
7.
LED粘片机在正常工作时,摆臂往往存在运动不平稳、振幅较大及趋稳时间较长等问题,影响粘片效率与精度。通过分析摆臂的整个运动过程,提出新的设计方法。首先,利用5次多项式运动曲线来替代梯形运动曲线,保证摆臂运动过程的平滑性;其次,结合静力学分析、模态分析及瞬态动力学分析,对摆臂进行外形优化设计;然后,为减少摆臂转动惯量对运动的影响,对摆臂进行拓扑优化,得到摆臂的优化模型;最后,通过瞬态动力学分析验证,证实了此方法的可行性。  相似文献   
8.
末端区域能量管理是重复使用运载器实现精确无动力水平着陆非常重要的一个飞行阶段。本文将末端区域能量管理段水平轨迹和纵向轨迹分开设计,参数化的水平轨迹设计包含3个校正圆,以实现航向、航程以及位置的精确调整;纵向轨迹采用2段二次高度-航程曲线以实现对高度和速度的控制。在此基础上,给出了水平和纵向轨迹的跟踪制导方法。仿真结果及其分析表明该轨迹设计方法可以灵活地设计末端区域能量管理段的标称轨迹,且制导方法能够实现标称轨迹的良好跟踪。  相似文献   
9.
Context: The clinical applications of cilostazol (CLZ) are limited by its low aqueous solubility (<5?µg/ml) and high biovariability.

Objective: The aim of this study was to enhance the solubility of CLZ by forming inclusion complexes (ICs) with beta cyclodextrin (β-CD) and formulating them into oral disintegrating tablets.

Methods: Phase solubility study of CLZ with β-CD was performed in water. Job’s plot was constructed to determine the stoichiometry of ICs. ICs, prepared by spray-drying technique, were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, hot stage microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance. Molecular modeling studies were performed to understand the mode of interaction of CLZ with β-CD. The formulation process was undertaken using a reproducible design of experiment generated model, attained by variation of diluents and disintegrants at three levels. Tablets were evaluated for drug content, hardness, friability, disintegration time (DT), wetting time (WT) and dissolution profiles.

Results and discussion: Phase solubility studies suggested an AL type curve with stability constant (Ks) of 922.52?M?1. Job’s plot revealed 1:2 stoichiometry. All analytical techniques confirmed inclusion complexation. Molecular modeling revealed dispersive van der Waals interaction energy as a major contributor for stabilization of complex. The spray-dried complexes showed higher solubility and faster dissolution compared to plain CLZ. The optimized formulation showed DT of 11.1?±?0.8?s, WT of 8.7?±?0.9?s and almost complete dissolution of CLZ in 15?min.

Conclusion: The prepared tablets with low DT and fast dissolution will prove to be a promising drug delivery system with improved bioavailability and better patient compliance.  相似文献   
10.
王晓峰  陈晨  宋瑶  李春晓  杜显元  李薇 《化工进展》2019,38(6):2933-2938
选用阴离子型表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)与内酯型槐糖脂复配,并使用硅酸钠(Na2SiO3)作为助剂修复石油污染土壤。使用吊片法测定单一表面活性剂以及复配药剂的临界胶束浓度,利用SPSS 软件对结果进行非线性拟合。正交实验表明,LAS和内酯型槐糖脂之间存在较强的交互协同作用,三者间的复配使得洗脱率达到了87.37%。优化的复配表面活性剂的配方为:内酯型槐糖脂溶液浓度为40mg/L,硅酸钠浓度为6g/L,LAS浓度为600mg/L。析因分析结果表明,液固比对石油污染土壤的洗脱效果影响较为显著,其次是振荡时间和氧化剂浓度,各因素交互影响不明显。  相似文献   
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