Mixing enhancement mechanism of combined H2–Water jets in supersonic crossflows in a combustor with an expanded section

To obtain the mixing enhancement mechanism of H₂–Water combined jets in supersonic crossflows in a combustor with expanded section for rotating detonation ramjet, the flow field shape and spray structure were studied by experimental and numerical methods. The Eulerian–Lagrangian method was used to investigate the diffusion mechanism and H₂–Water interaction law of combined jets with different sequences. At the same time, high-speed photography and the schlieren technique were used to capture the flow field. The effects of jet pressure drop, orifice diameter, orifice spacing, incoming Mach number, and other parameters on the penetration depth of water jets were studied. The results of experiment and simulation show that using H₂–Water combined jets, the penetration depth of the jet spray can be greatly increased and the jet mixing effect can be significantly improved, which will contribute to the engine's ignition and stable combustion. In the case of pre-water/post-H₂, the penetration depth of the hydrogen jet is greater. In the case of pre-H₂/post-water, the hydrogen jet raises the water spray mainly by protecting the integrity of the water column.     

基准平面垂直断面法在爆破漏斗试验中的应用

系统阐述了基准平面垂直断面法在爆破漏斗试验中测量爆破漏斗体积的基本原理,并将隧道激光断面仪应用于金厂河矿1 750 m水平15^#采场底部切割巷道爆破漏斗试验爆破漏斗体积测量中。通过与传统体重法等计算法所得漏斗体积分析比较,结果表明基于隧道激光断面仪与3D Mine软件分析的基准平面垂直断面法实用性强、操作方便、结果直观可靠,达到试验预期目的。     

Optical properties of transparent polycrystalline ruby (Cr:Al2O3) fabricated by high-pressure spark plasma sintering

Doped transparent ceramics with high optical quality can serve as materials for photonic applications such as laser gain media. In that regard, transparent polycrystalline alumina has potential for high-power applications due to its excellent physical and chemical properties, combined with unique doping possibilities. However, optical birefringence of Al₂O₃ crystals make achieving sufficiently high optical transmittance a processing challenge. In the present study, we demonstrated fabrication of highly transparent 0.5 at.% Cr:Al₂O₃ ceramics by high-pressure spark plasma sintering (HPSPS). The optical properties of these polycrystalline ruby ceramics were analyzed in order to assess possible laser operation (at 694.3 nm). The obtained ceramics exhibit high in-line transmittance (～72.5 % at 700 nm), equivalent to a scattering coefficient of 2.15 cm^?1, and characteristic ruby photoluminescence. The theoretically estimated lasing threshold and percentage of absorbed pump power indicate that such ruby ceramic lasers could operate at reasonable thresholds of 80?225 mW with short lengths of 0.5?5 mm. Thus, HPSPS is a promising method for producing laser-quality doped transparent ceramics for compact laser systems.     

Predetermination of potential plastic hinges on reinforced concrete frames using GFRP reinforcement

In the past, glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP)-reinforcement has been successfully applied in reinforced concrete (RC) structures where corrosion resistance, electromagnetic neutrality, or cuttability were required. Previous investigations suggest that the application of GFRP in RC structures could be advantageous in areas with seismic activity due to their high deformability and strength. However, especially the low modulus of elasticity of GFRP limited its wide application as GFRP-reinforced members usually exhibit considerably larger deformations under service loads than comparable steel-reinforced elements. To overcome the aforementioned issues, the combination of steel and GFRP reinforcement in hybrid RC sections has been investigated in the past. Based on this idea, this paper presents a novel concept for the predetermination of potential plastic hinges in RC frames using GFRP reinforcement. To analyze the efficiency of the concept, nonlinear finite element simulations were performed. The results underscore the high efficiency of hybrid steel-GFRP RC sections for predetermining potential plastic hinges on RC frames. The results also indicate that the overall seismic behavior of RC structures could be improved by means of GFRP as both the column base shear force during the seismic activity as well as the plastic deformations after the earthquake were considerably less pronounced than in the steel-reinforced reference structure.     

Benchmark experiment of large-angle scattering reaction cross section of iron at 14 MeV using two shadow bars – Comparison of experimental results with ENDF/B-VIII –

ABSTRACT

It is important to perform neutron transport simulations with accurate nuclear data in the neutronics design of a fusion reactor. However, absolute values of large-angle scattering cross sections vary among nuclear data libraries even for well-examined nuclide of iron. Benchmark experiments focusing on large-angle scattering cross sections were thus performed to confirm the correctness of nuclear data libraries. The series benchmark experiments were performed at a DT neutron source facility, OKTAVIAN of Osaka University, Japan, by the unique experimental system established by the authors’ group, which can extract only the contribution of large-angle scattering reactions. This system consists of two shadow bars, target plate (iron), and neutron detector (niobium). Two types of shadow bars were used and four irradiations were conducted for one experiment, so that contribution of room-return neutrons was effectively removed and only large-angle scattering neutrons were extracted from the measured four Nb reaction rates. The obtained experimental results were compared with calculations for five nuclear data libraries including JENDL-4.0, JEFF.-3.3, FENDL-3.1, ENDF/B- VII, and recently released ENDF/B-VIII. It was found from the comparison that ENDF/B-VIII showed the best result, though ENDF/B-VII showed overestimation and others are in large underestimation at 14 MeV.     

四川盆地及周缘上奥陶统五峰组岩相特征

上奥陶统五峰组分为页岩段和观音桥段。对比分析四川盆地及周缘五峰组页岩气钻井岩心以及测试数据,根据岩心和全岩矿物组分特征,以硅质矿物(石英)、黏土矿物和碳酸盐矿物为三端元,进行岩相划分。页岩段可识别出4种岩相类型:硅质页岩、含黏土硅质页岩、含灰硅质页岩以及含灰黏土质页岩;观音桥段发育含介壳泥质灰岩。页岩气钻井实测数据表明,页岩段4类页岩岩相品质(有机碳含量、脆性矿物含量以及含气量)差异较大,硅质页岩品质最优,含灰黏土质页岩品质最差。页岩段岩相类型以及观音桥段分布特征受控于沉积环境。川南永川地区等相对浅水的区域页岩厚度较大,但是硅质页岩厚度较小,页岩段整体品质较差,不建议作为水平井靶窗;川南威远地区受古陆和古地形影响,硅质页岩厚度较小,也不建议作为水平井靶窗;川东南焦石坝、武隆、丁山以及南川地区硅质页岩厚度超过4 m,可作为水平井靶窗。     

曙光煤矿1226综采工作面瓦斯抽采技术

采用综合应用理论分析、现场实测的方法,对山西汾西集团曙光煤矿1226高瓦斯综采工作面瓦斯来源进行了分析,提出并实施了分区段“风排+煤层钻孔抽放+裂隙带钻孔抽放”的联合瓦斯抽采技术。现场监测结果显示:1226综采工作面上隅角瓦斯浓度控制在0.45%~0.75%,回风流中瓦斯浓度控制在了0.44%~0.75%,瓦斯治理效果明显改善。     

Study of residual stress variation with depth of friction stir welded aluminium plates with different thicknesses

ABSTRACT

The residual stress may greatly vary through thickness due to the large temperature gradients and severe plastic deformation in depth for thick section friction stir welded plates. AA 2024-T351 plates with 6.5, 12 and 20?mm thicknesses were joined by friction stir welding to investigate the differences of residual stress variations with depth between thin and thick plates. The surface residual stresses were compared between the X-ray diffraction and contour measurements. Significant variations of stress peaks, root central residual stresses and widths of ‘M’ profiles were observed along the thickness for thick plates. The origins of the aggravated variations with depth were investigated from the temperature gradients and material flow variations through thickness.     

溜井储矿段矿石流动特性的影响因素分析*

溜井中矿岩散体的流动特性关系到溜井放矿的安全和可靠。为确保溜井放矿的顺畅性，在分析矿石流动性对溜井放矿影响的基础上，从理论上分析了影响储矿段矿石流动特性的因素。主要包括矿岩结块性、矿岩散体的粒度及分布特征、矿岩含水量、溜井结构、矿石流对井内储料的冲击夯实作用和溜井贮矿高度6个方面。结合部分矿山实践经验，提出了缩短矿岩在溜井中的停滞时间、改善矿岩爆破效果、优化溜井结构参数、控制含水量和粉矿含量、减轻运动矿岩对井内储料的冲击夯实等改善矿岩流动性的针对性解决措施，对于防范溜井储矿段堵塞问题具有重要的作用。     

翼城上河煤矿井底车场巷道掘进支护参数设计研究

根据翼城上河煤矿岩层的实际情况,采用工程类比法确定了巷道支护参数,并对巷道的支护参数进行了校核,以保证巷道支护的有效性。重点分析了矩形巷道断面和半圆拱形断面巷道的支护参数设计,以期为类似支护提供一定的参考。