Exploring interactivity: user ability and the Chinese diaspora

Abstract

This paper focuses on two areas of enquiry, the phenomenon of interactivity and how ideas from outside of interaction design can expand our understanding of interactivity. Although generally seen as the user's ability to access information, interactivity's capacity can extend to the shaping of content and meaning. The paper proposes that visualities produced by diasporic individuals reveal the potential of users for reflexivity and intervention. It draws on theories of postcolonial identity and the mixing of cultural meanings of diasporic people to highlight the importance of allowing users to experience autonomy, agency and self-determination in digital media.     

随机度量理论的最近进展及其应用

本文综述了随机度量理论在近十年来的重要进展及其具有代表性的某些应用。     

Review of Minding minds: Evolving a reflexive mind by interpreting others.

Reviews the book, Minding minds: Evolving a reflexive mind by interpreting others by Radu J. Bogdan (see record 2000-07328-000). Drawing on philosophical, psychological, and evolutionary perspectives, Bogdan analyzes the main phylogenetic and ontogenetic stages through which primates’ abilities to interpret other minds evolved and gradually created the opportunities and resources for mental reflexivity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reflexivity, the role of history, and the case of mesmerism in early Victorian Britain.

As part of a wider argument that history is essential to psychological understanding because of the reflexive nature of psychological knowledge, this article examines the case of mesmerism in early Victorian Britain as an example of how psychological knowledge is both constructive and constructed. It is argued that the shift from “mesmerism” to “hypnotism” was a change in understanding that created a new kind of psychological experience. It is also argued that demonstrations of mesmerism, far from being self-evident facts, could be framed as evidence either for or against the central claims of mesmerism. It is concluded that the case of mesmerism in early Victorian Britain provides a further example of the need for historical understanding within Psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

团队任务反思行为对决策绩效影响的实验研究

团队任务反思行为,是团队主动信息加工方式,影响着人们的判断与选择。因此,以团队任务反思行为理论为基础,提出了团队任务反思行为与决策绩效之间关系作用的研究假设。利用150名MBA学员展开了团队任务反思行为对决策质量、决策满意度和决策一致性影响效应的实验研究。研究结果表明,团队任务反思行为与决策质量有正"U"型相关关系,对决策满意度有显著正向预测效应,与决策一致性的正向相关关系显著。研究结果为决策群体利用团队任务反思提高决策绩效和团队效能有重要的实践意义。     

Cooperative outcome interdependence, task reflexivity, and team effectiveness: A motivated information processing perspective.

A motivated information processing perspective (C. K. W. De Dreu & P. J. D. Carnevale, 2003; see also V. B. Hinsz, R. S. Tindale, & D. A. Vollrath, 1997) was used to predict that perceived cooperative outcome interdependence interacts with team-level reflexivity to predict information sharing, learning, and team effectiveness. A cross-sectional field study involving management and cross-functional teams (N = 46) performing nonroutine, complex tasks corroborated predictions: The more team members perceived cooperative outcome interdependence, the better they shared information, the more they learned and the more effective they were, especially when task reflexivity was high. When task reflexivity was low, no significant relationship was found between cooperative outcome interdependence and team processes and performance. The author concludes that the motivated information processing perspective is valid outside the confines of the laboratory and can be extended toward teamwork in organizations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Social Engineering Based on Embeddedness——Understanding Scott’s Seeing Like A State

Scott has given best explanations and criticism on how certain schemes to improve the human condition have been carried out and have failed in 20th century. With extreme faith in science and the rational, high-modernism-oriented social engineering tends to ignore informal process and practical knowledge. Meanwhile, informal process and practical knowledge comes to be correction and compensation for the disastrous consequence of high-modernism-oriented social engineering. Social engineering will succeed only if it is embedded into informal process and respects practical knowledge and local knowledge. Thus, a reflective dimension is involved in social engineering.     

Tensions in human-centred design

In human-centred design (HCD), researchers and designers attempt to cooperate with and learn from potential users of the products or services which they are developing. Their goal is to develop products or services that match users’ practices, needs and preferences. In this position paper it is argued that HCD practitioners need to deal with two tensions that are inherent in HCD: they need to combine and balance users’ knowledge and ideas with their own knowledge and ideas; and they need to combine and balance a concern for understanding current or past practices with a concern for envisioning alternative or future practices. Six HCD approaches – participatory design, ethnography, the lead user approach, contextual design, codesign and empathic design – are discussed in order to argue that these different approaches are different ways to cope with the two tensions. In addition, several examples from practice are provided to illustrate these tensions. Moreover, it is advocated that HCD practitioners critically reflect on their practices, their methods and their own involvement, so that they can more consciously follow specific HCD approaches and more mindfully cope with the two tensions.     

The social context of smoking: the next frontier in tobacco control?

A better understanding of the social context of smoking may help to enhance tobacco control research and practice