菊花的营养成分、加工制品及香气成分研究进展

菊花作为我国十大名花之一,其中含有许多有益于人体的生物活性成分,可将菊花加工成多种含有保健效果的食品,市场发展前景十分广阔。就菊花含有的主要营养、功能性成分、香气成分进行综述,并对菊花食品的深加工进行总结,为今后高营养附加值、优质风味菊花食品的综合开发提供一定的参考。     

Analysis on the shape and structure of Mongolian traditional Gu Gu crowns in the illustrations of the Jāmi' al-Tawārīkh in the National Library of France北大核心CSCD

Jāmi' al-Tawārīkh is a detailed history book of Mongolia compiled by the prime minister Rashid al-Din under an order issued by Ghazan Khan in 700 of the Islamic calendar (1310 - 1311 A. D.). After the book was finished the royal family invested a great deal of manpower material and financial resources to draw its illustrated edition which was completed between 1306 A. D. and 1314 A. D. In this period Persian miniatures had strong Mongolian characteristics. The facial shapes of the characters showed the image characteristics of Mongolians and the clothing styles and patterns on the clothes also had the characteristics of Mongolian and even traditional Chinese costumes. Among them Jāmi' al-Tawārīkh in the National Library of France was drawn between 1425 A. D. and 1430 A. D. There are 15 Persian miniatures in the book that illustrate the Gu Gu crowns worn by aristocratic women of Mongolia which were the headgear favored by women of the ethnic group at that time and were very popular. The Gu Gu crowns in the illustrations are rich in color and clear in structure which provide precious and detailed historical image data for us to study the shape and manufacture characteristics of Gu Gu crowns in the Mongolian and Yuan Dynasties. Through reading the pictures we can learn the color pattern shape structure collocation wearing effect and identity of the wearers wearing occasions and other practical problems of the Gu Gu crowns. Combined with the ancient documents and images we can further study and analyze the specific shape and system of the Gu Gu crowns in the Mongol Yuan period the characteristics of wearing and the related cultural connotation behind them. Firstly the 15 illustrated wearing scenes were classified and the wearing characteristics of Gu Gu crowns in different scenes were summarized to find out their regularity. Secondly the characteristics of wearing the Gu Gu crowns in different scenes were compared and the different meanings they represent were analyzed and studied. Finally we concluded the shape characteristics and decorative effect of Gu Gu crowns in the Mongol Yuan period and summarized the cultural implication and national belief represented by Gu Gu crowns as well as the fundamental reason why they were favored by Mongolian women for their enduring popularity. On this basis the correspondence analysis method was used to study the relationship between the formative characteristics occasion of wearing cultural connotation and the identity status and belief of the users. We concluded that the characteristics of the Gu Gu crowns in the illustrations of Jāmi' al-Tawārīkh collected in the National Library of France except for only wearing the hood and crown cape in keeping vigil beside the coffin changed little with the wearing occasions. The shape of the bionic swan showed totem worship the structure features of the square above and the circle below explained the significance of the combination of men and women. It reflects that Mongolians believe in the "Mongke Tengri" Eternal Heaven and the modeling concept based on nature is beyond nature. The structure of being square at the top and circular at the bottom explains the significance of the combination of men and women. The length of crown feathers the number of the ball feathers the hood color and the cape length change showed that the usefulness of Gu Gu crowns was replaced by decoration becoming a symbol of status. In the middle and late period the gold cross pattern appeared frequently in the crown decoration highlighting the identity of many noble women as disciples of Nestorianism. As a whole Gu Gu crowns elongated the human body lines in a towering and beautiful shape making people appear tall and in line with aesthetic characteristics. The luxurious decorative details highlighted the rich and leisure life of aristocratic women and their noble social rank and status in the Yuan Dynasty. The original symbolism took a back seat to the decorative function. This edition of Jāmi ' al-Tawārīkh provides precious image information for the study of the shape and symbolic significance of aristocratic women's headgear in the Mongol (Yuan) period. Through systematic studying and sorting out the structure shape material pattern production technology etc. it can better inherit Chinese traditional costume culture and inherit the traditional costume skills of China. The research results can provide inspiration and innovative ideas for the design and innovation of Chinese national costumes. Under the trend of global integration the exchange of clothing culture among different countries is increasingly close. It is a shortcut for Chinese fashion to go to the world to retain and integrate the characteristics of national clothing. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.     

前桥壳体生产基准定位

桥壳作为驱动桥主要的承载零件,其设计、制造质量决定了整车性能是否能够得到充分发挥。本文以KC160前驱动桥的桥壳为例,其小批量加工路线为：选择加工基准→加工桥壳与锥支座配合面（以下称琵琶面）及与其同侧的所有孔系→加工半轴孔及摆销轴→加工转向节主销孔。在加工路线中,选择合适的工艺基准可以简化加工方法,对工件的加工质量有决定性作用。     

海洋寡孢根霉脂肪酶酯化杂醇油正丙醇和正丁醇生产水果风味酯

在果香风味酒中,通过原料获得的风味物质--酯类较少且含量低,极大的影响了果酒的风味。利用固定化的海洋寡孢根霉脂肪酶,能够安全有效的生产这种具有愉快果香气味的安全绿色的添加剂,极大的丰富了酒体的风味,能够获得极大的经济效益。实验中使用响应面法优化了固定化脂肪酶对乙酸正丁酯及乙酸正丙酯的合成,得到了该固定化酶的最适合成条件。