农药废水处理工艺的研究进展

农药废水因其浓度高,毒性大,污染物成分复杂等原因成为现代工业废水治理的难题之一,利用有效、经济的工艺处理农药废水对于环境保护和可持续发展至关重要。本文综述了现阶段农药废水处理的研究现状,介绍了包含在物理法、化学法及生物法之内的各种农药废水处理技术,对其原理和成果进行分析,还介绍了多种组合法工艺,并对未来农药废水处理研究进行展望。     

抵抗唯密文攻击的可分离加密域可逆信息隐藏

为提高密文图像安全性和算法的可逆性,提出一种抵抗唯密文攻击的可分离加密域可逆信息隐藏算法.图像拥有者将图像不重叠地分块后,采用不同密钥分别异或加密块内像素的高3位和低5位,再进行块置乱得到密文图像.信息隐藏者利用像素波动性和无损压缩技术获得较大的嵌入容量,以位翻转方式隐藏附加信息,并通过记录像素波动性实现算法的完全可逆.图像接收者既可无差错提取信息,又可无损恢复原始图像.选取Uncompressedcolor image database图像集中的图像进行实验,结果表明,在数量为20, 50, 70, 100的密文图像集上实施唯密文攻击所得流密码正确率均为50%左右,有效地提高了算法抵抗唯密文攻击的能力;与3种同类算法相比,该算法的隐藏容量分别提升了145.69%, 148.21%, 240.85%,且得到的解密图像质量均提高约5 dB.     

Internal stress in MPCVD diamond films on the Si substrate based on XRD line shape

The diamond films adherent to Si substrate are deposited with the microwave plasma CVD （MPCVD） at microwave powers of 6000 W and 4000 W fTom 6 h to 10 h, respectively, the internal stresses of the films are measured by XRD. Spectral peak shift and widening arc applied to calculate the magnitudes of macro and micro stresses. The results show that the macro stress is tensile. The internal stress can be controlled by the microwave power. With the microwave power increasing,the intrinsic and macro stresses decrease, and the micro stress increases significantly. Also, it can be found that the macro and micro stresses increase with deposited time when the other conditions are the same.