A hand gesture recognition technique for human–computer interaction

We propose an approach to recognize trajectory-based dynamic hand gestures in real time for human–computer interaction (HCI). We also introduce a fast learning mechanism that does not require extensive training data to teach gestures to the system. We use a six-degrees-of-freedom position tracker to collect trajectory data and represent gestures as an ordered sequence of directional movements in 2D. In the learning phase, sample gesture data is filtered and processed to create gesture recognizers, which are basically finite-state machine sequence recognizers. We achieve online gesture recognition by these recognizers without needing to specify gesture start and end positions. The results of the conducted user study show that the proposed method is very promising in terms of gesture detection and recognition performance (73% accuracy) in a stream of motion. Additionally, the assessment of the user attitude survey denotes that the gestural interface is very useful and satisfactory. One of the novel parts of the proposed approach is that it gives users the freedom to create gesture commands according to their preferences for selected tasks. Thus, the presented gesture recognition approach makes the HCI process more intuitive and user specific.     

重庆市药物临床试验机构现状分析及地区性机构体系构建的思考

目的：重庆市具有丰富的医药产业底蕴和极佳的医疗资源，在我国药品注册审评制度改革紧密推进和重庆市大力发展生物医药产业的大背景下，本课题从对重庆市药物临床试验机构（以下简称机构）管理人员调研的角度入手，旨在明确重庆市机构建设现状与问题，探讨可行的创新发展对策。方法：本研究对我市20家有药物临床试验资质机构的54位管理人员问卷数据进行统计；并通过比对相应的公共数据，系统分析我市机构建设水平。结果：问卷分析显示，我市机构仍以传统GCP架构模式为主；以承担国内企业项目为主（90.00%），65.00%的机构近三年承接项目总数在40项以下；机构管理者多数从事机构相关工作的工作年限多在6年以内（79.59%），且仍有部分机构管理者未接受系统的培训；对公共数据调查分析显示，截至2019年5月底，我市机构总数目为22家，自2017年7月22日以来承接在Clinical Trails注册的在研项目数为81项，远低于机构工作开展较好的城市（北京：61家，433项；上海：53家，326项）。结论：重庆市机构建设水平亟待提高，应整合全市临床研究资源，构建区域化的药物临床试验机构体系，加速重庆市医药产业的创新发展。     

A Novel Method of Heart Failure Prediction Based on DPCNNXGBOOST Model

The occurrence of perioperative heart failure will affect the quality of medical services and threaten the safety of patients. Existing methods depend on the judgment of doctors, the results are affected by many factors such as doctors’ knowledge and experience. The accuracy is difficult to guarantee and has a serious lag. In this paper, a mixture prediction model is proposed for perioperative adverse events of heart failure, which combined with the advantages of the Deep Pyramid Convolutional Neural Networks (DPCNN) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBOOST). The DPCNN was used to automatically extract features from patient’s diagnostic texts, and the text features were integrated with the preoperative examination and intraoperative monitoring values of patients, then the XGBOOST algorithm was used to construct the prediction model of heart failure. An experimental comparison was conducted on the model based on the data of patients with heart failure in southwest hospital from 2014 to 2018. The results showed that the DPCNN-XGBOOST model improved the predictive sensitivity of the model by 3% and 31% compared with the text-based DPCNN Model and the numeric-based XGBOOST Model.     

多西他赛手性侧链的制备

以苯甲醛(Ⅱ)和S-对甲氧基苯乙胺(Ⅲ)为起始原料,缩合制备N-苯亚甲基-4-甲氧基苯胺(Ⅳ),化合物Ⅳ再与乙酰氧基乙酰氯缩合成四元环,经异丙醚重结晶得到单一手性的(+)-顺式-1-对甲氧基苯基-3-乙酰氧基-4-苯基-2-吖叮啶酮(Ⅴ),再经硝酸铈铵氧化脱去对甲氧基苯乙胺得到(+)-顺式-3-乙酰氧基-4-苯基-2-吖叮啶酮(Ⅶ),然后在碱性条件下脱去乙酰基得到(+)-顺式-3-羟基-4-苯基-2-吖叮啶酮(Ⅷ),最后采用一锅法,化合物Ⅷ先与乙烯基乙醚缩合、再与二叔丁基二碳酸酯缩合直接得到多西他赛手性侧链(Ⅰ),总收率23.4%。该合成方法反应条件温和,反应步骤少,收率高。     

The limits to shaping diversity as public culture: Permanent festivities in Barcelona

In spite of the existence of an extensive debate on cultural policies on the one hand, and on local diversity policies on the other hand, there are still few studies dealing directly with this nexus. This emerging research trend will be discussed in the context of Barcelona and through the analysis of a specific cultural policy field: the planning of permanent festivities.After overviewing its migration history and after presenting the theoretical framework and methodology, this article frames Barcelona’s general cultural policy and intercultural policy patterns, arguing that the Catalan capital is really at a very initial stage of connecting diversity with cultural policy. After that, I will defend the argument that, in spite of recognising diversity, the analysis of Barcelona’s permanent festivities shows that there are also some limits to the development of this connection, due primarily to a lack of democratization of culture. Interviews and a discussion group confirm this empirical diagnosis. The argument I want to put forward is that this lack of participation of immigrants in cultural planning and diversity promotion is probably due to the fact that the two departments in the city represent, indeed, two approaches toward the question of how to promote the nexus between culture and diversity, and thus they are still working separately. The department of culture still has an elitist focus, centred on a culture of excellence, while the immigration department has a more social focus on cultural diversity.     

Influence of a hard transition layer on the microstructure and properties of diamond-like carbon/hydroxyapatite composite coating prepared by magnetron sputtering

The nanostructured diamond-like carbon/hydroxyapatite composite coating (DLC/HA) was deposited using magnetron sputtering technique with a densely packed columnar cross-sectional structure and a uniform granular surface morphology. After heat treatment, the amorphous structure of the coating was transformed into a crystal structure. Nanohardness and scratch tests results demonstrated the DLC transition layer significantly enhanced the nanohardness of Ti6Al4V substrates from 4.8 GPa to 10.4 GPa, and increased critical load from 16.6 N (pure HA layer) to 26.5 N (DLC layer) without obvious brittle fracture, flaking and delamination. Electrochemical and immersion tests results demonstrated that DLC/HA composite coatings with a dense gradient transition interlayer had better corrosion resistance and could prevent harmful metal ions being released into the SBF solution more effectively than single HA coatings. Furthermore, active Ca²⁺ ions can be rapidly released from the coating surface during initial immersion in the SBF solution, and facilitated the formation of bone-like apatite.     

从文学变异学角度重新审视翻译等值研究

翻译＂等值＂或等效问题是译学界长期争论的焦点问题。语言学派和文化学派分别从语言学角度和文化视角对此提出了各自的见解。比较文学变异学将翻译中的变异作为研究支点,＂跨语际变异研究＂成为译学研究的新范式,通过研究不同国家之间文学现象交流的变异状态,探究并揭示文学变异现象的内在规律性,对翻译研究有重要的启示意义。     

一种基于MRI图像的脑肿瘤组合分割法

从模糊的MRI脑肿瘤的图像中准确找出肿瘤,供医学临床使用。分别采用了2种分割方法：一种是改进的阈值方法,即在进行最大方差阈值法之前首先采用手动阈值法;另一种是采用圆形结构元素作为种子的形态学分割方法。这2种方法均实现了从低对比度MRI脑图像提取目标的要求。灵活使用阈值法和形态学分割方法与医学图像中,具有一定的临床实用价值。     

Chemical Structures of 4-Oxo-Flavonoids in Relation to Inhibition of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL)-Induced Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction

Vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress has been demonstrated to be the initiation step of atherosclerosis (AS), and flavonoids may play an important role in AS prevention and therapy. Twenty-three flavonoids categorized into flavones, flavonols, isoflavones, and flavanones, all with 4-oxo-pyronenucleus, were examined for what structural characteristics are required for the inhibitory effects on endothelial dysfunction induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Human vascular endothelial cells EA.hy926 were pretreated with different 4-oxo-flavonoids for 2 hs, and then exposed to oxLDL for another 24 hs. Cell viability and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were measured, respectively. Then, correlation analysis and paired comparison were used to analyze the structure-activity relationships. Significant correlations were observed between the number of -OH moieties in total or in B-ring and the inhibitory effectson endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, 3',4'-ortho-dihydroxyl on B-ring, 3-hydroxyl on C-ring and 2,3-double bondwere correlated closely to the inhibitory effects of flavonolson cell viability decrease and lipid peroxidation. 5,7-meta-dihydroxyl group on A-ring was crucial for the anti-inflammatory effects of flavones and isoflavones in endothelial cells. Moreover, the substituted position of B-ring on C3 rather than C2 was important for NO release. Additionally, hydroxylation at C6 position significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of 4-oxo-flavonoids on endothelial dysfunction. Our findings indicated that the effective agents in inhibiting endothelial dysfunction include myricetin, quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, genistein and daidzein. Our work might provide some evidence for AS prevention and a strategy for the design of novel AS preventive agents.