基于傅里叶级数的小推力航天器快速轨迹设计

为了满足小推力航天器交会轨迹的快速性设计需求,基于形状逼近理论,设计了一种三维轨迹模型.将轨迹设计问题转换为求解傅里叶级数的系数问题,避免了轨迹运动方程非线性强、难以求解的难题,极大地提高了计算效率.考虑到推力加速度的限制,建立了加速度约束方程,并结合轨迹的运动方程,给出了傅里叶级数的求解过程.同时根据边界条件和最大推力加速度值,定性地分析了傅里叶系数的存在条件.仿真验证了该方法的正确性和可行性,并从计算效率上与高斯伪谱法进行了对比,结果表明本文的方法计算耗时仅为高斯伪谱法的0.67%.     

Computing collision-free motions for a team of robots using formation and non-holonomic constraints

This paper focuses on the collision-free motion of a team of robots moving in a 2D environment with formation and non-holonomic constraints. With the proposed approach one can simultaneously control the formation of the team and generate a safe path for each individual robot. The computed paths satisfy the non-holonomic constraints, avoid collisions, and minimize the task-completion time. The proposed approach, which combines techniques from mathematical programming and CAD, consists of two main steps: first, a global team path is computed and, second, individual motions are determined for each unit. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated using several simulation experiments.     

Elastic impact of spheres on thin shallow spherical shells

This investigation was concerned with the elastic impact of spheres on thin shallow spherical shells. A non-linear integro-differential equation of the impact process was developed on the basis of Reissner's approximate theory for transverse vibrations of shallow shells and the quasistatic Hertzian impact theory. This equation was numerically integrated and its main results were experimentally verified. Special attention was given to the apparently new observations that the rebound height of a sphere dropped onto a given shell has a minimum value for a critical size of the sphere, and that the contact time differs substantially for sphere sizes greater or less than this critical value.     

低信噪比下基于YOLOv3的昆虫目标检测

掌握昆虫迁飞规律对于农业防治和生态学研究具有重大意义,雷达正是检测昆虫迁飞最有效的手段.昆虫回波弱,传统的恒虚警检测(Constant False Alarm Rate,CFAR)算法在低信噪比(Signal To Noise Ratio,SNR)时的检测性能下降;同时昆虫目标体积小、飞行速度慢,在距离维和多普勒维的扩...     

星载SAR方位模糊研究

本文根据方位模糊产生机理详细分析了方位向成像处理参数、波长、方位方向图副瓣对方位模糊的影响.通过分析可知:方位分辨率相同时,低频段SAR系统模糊问题更严重,但可通过提高重频、压低方向图副瓣电平等方法可改善方位模糊,最后仿真验证了上述结论并给出改善方位模糊的设计考虑.     

Three-dimensional viscous flow and heat transfer over a permeable shrinking sheet

This paper presents a numerical analysis of a steady three-dimensional fluid flow and heat transfer towards a permeable shrinking sheet. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations by a similarity transformation, which are then solved numerically by a shooting method. The effects of the governing parameters on the skin friction and heat transfer from the surface of the shrinking surface are illustrated graphically. It is found that dual solutions exist for the shrinking case. A comparison with known results from the open literature has been done and it is shown to be in excellent agreement.     

应用变速控制力矩陀螺的航天器姿态自适应控制

为提高敏捷挠性航天器在轨连续机动的快速性和高稳定性,应用变速控制力矩陀螺(variable speed control moment gyroscopes, VSCMGs)作为姿态控制执行机构,提出了一种将观测器与自适应控制结合的姿态控制律与VSCMGs复合操纵律。考虑到机动过程中挠性模态及精确惯量不可知,采用模态观测器和转动惯量估计器对不可测的状态或参数进行辨识,辨识结果用于精确估计前馈补偿力矩,利用Lyapunov分析方法证明了闭环控制系统的稳定性。鉴于VSCMGs实际使用的力矩分配能力、避奇异能力、轮速平衡能力与末态框架角定位能力,分别设计了加权伪逆操纵律与3种对应的零运动。基于雅可比矩阵条件数提出了末态框架角的优选方法,给出了VSCMGs零运动在机动过程不同阶段的部署方案。结果表明：通过连续姿态机动数值仿真验证了所提算法的有效性;VSCMGs在连续机动过程中平滑切换模式,在不同的机动阶段实现了相应功能。模态观测值和惯量估计值在多次机动后收敛至真值附近,经过参数辨识后的控制器使航天器在机动末端更快更稳地达到指向精度要求。     

铝蜂窝夹层板模态密度参数实验辨识

模态密度是应用统计能量分析方法研究振动噪声问题的基本参数,对于梁、板等简单结构,模态密度可以通过理论解析获得,但对于复杂结构或者具有复合材料特性的结构的模态密度很难通过理论解析法和数值法获得,或者获得的模态密度值不准确.因此,需要通过实验辨识模态密度.本文采用激励点导纳法对铝蜂窝夹层板进行悬挂振动实验研究.通过对比实验结果与文献资料的经验值发现有良好的吻合性,验证了该方法在新型复合材料领域的适用性.     

Model matching with strong stability in switched linear systems

This work deals with model matching by output dynamic feedback in switched linear systems. The plant and the model are assumed to be subject to different switching signals. A necessary and sufficient condition for achieving model matching with asymptotic stability of both the closed-loop compensated system and the compensator, for a sufficiently large dwell time, is proven. Such condition is obtained by specializing the structural condition with a suitable redefinition of the robust controlled invariant subspace involved, capable of capturing not only the structural aspect of the problem but also the stability aspects. The effect of the combined action of nonzero initial states and nonzero inputs is dealt with. The solution to a more demanding problem formulation, where the dwell time is assumed to be fixed and given is also discussed.     

On the thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication of tilting roller pairs

In order to investigate thermal effect of tilting roller pairs, a numerical solution for TEHL of tilting roller pairs has been presented. Variations in the lubricating performance with tilting angle have been investigated. Comparison between thermal and isothermal solutions has been made. Effects of the end profile radius, the velocity, and the maximum Hertzian pressure have been discussed. Profile modification of the roller generatrix has been assumed. Results show that all of the highest temperature, the maximum pressure, and the minimum film thickness occur at the load-carrying end. Larger tilting angle results in more evident thermal effect.