华南植物园总体规划

根据本次规划的指导思想和基本理念,对规划区进行了植物园体系规划和园区景观规划,以实现科研、科普、生产、景观四位-体共同发展模式,并对本次规划的预期效果进行了分析和评价.     

人工与自然的科学结合——体验巴塞罗那植物园

通过对巴塞罗那植物园规划理念、植物展示技术与手段及科学内涵的总结与分析,探讨当代富有特色的植物园景观规划方法,指出植物园的特色对其可持续发展的重要意义。     

Newer Plant Displays in Botanical Gardens: The Role of Design in Environmental Interpretation

New design approaches can be observed in an increasing number of botanical gardens due to a desire to improve the effectiveness of environmental interpretation. This paper presents a review of these recent trends in the display of plants based on a search of botanical gardens around the world and on both theory and previous research findings that have focused on understanding people's experience in botanical gardens and other environmental interpretation settings. Four design strategies of plant display were identified, which are referred to here as familiar frames, icons, imitations and manipulations of nature. These typological categories represent recent design approaches useful for establishing stronger relationships between people, plants and associated environmental issues. Further, the potential of such displays as environmental interpretation tools is discussed based on how people perceive them.     

干旱区植物种质资源保育及伊犁-吐鲁番国家植物园建设构想

【意义】伊犁-吐鲁番国家植物园是中国唯一一个处于温带大陆气候的植物园,具有独特的地域和生物多样性特点,是干旱区荒漠植物收集、引种、保育的宝库。干旱区内独特且丰富的抗逆生物种质资源,是国民经济可持续发展的重要资源,也是联合国《生物多样性公约》生物多样性保育的重点区域。广泛收集保育干旱区野生植物种质资源并进行有效迁地保育,对保障全球生物资源安全有重要意义。【分析】国家植物园体系在考虑国家重大战略、主要气候类型与典型植被区划特点、生物多样性热点地区、服务经济社会发展需要等因素后,依据国家代表性、保护系统性、社会公益性、管理可行性等准入条件,将伊犁-吐鲁番国家植物园纳入国家植物园体系布局。因此,按照国家植物园体系的主要建设任务,整合中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所在新疆已建的伊犁植物园及吐鲁番沙漠植物园,建设伊犁-吐鲁番国家植物园,是构建干旱区植物迁地保育体系的必然要求。【展望】伊犁-吐鲁番国家植物园旨在构建干旱区植物迁地保育体系,建设集生态保护、物种保育、科学研究、开发利用、实验示范、科普教育和旅游观光为一体的世界最大的综合性干旱区植物园。为实现中国生物多样性保护目标和建设美丽中国奠定基础,并为中国“一带一路”战略实施提供科技支撑及中国方案。     

傲雪凌霜 学者脊梁——孙筱祥先生对当代公园和植物园建设发展的开创性、前瞻性贡献及深远国际影响

【意义】随着国家植物园和华南国家植物园于2022年相继揭牌成立,当代公园和植物园的发展历程引起了更加广泛的关注。孙筱祥先生是中国现代风景园林领域的先驱和开拓者,其风景园林作品包括花港观鱼公园、杭州植物园、北京林业大学教学植物园、北京植物园（现国家植物园）、中国科学院华南植物园（现华南国家植物园）、海南植物园、厦门市园林植物园、深圳市仙湖植物园、中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园和云南景东亚热带植物园。纵观这些作品的诞生、演变及创作时代背景,系统性地总结孙先生的理论、实践和职业生涯,对于当代公园和植物园建设发展史的研究至关重要。【评论】孙筱祥先生集教育家、园林家、花卉家、画家、建筑师和大地规划师于一身,他的风景园林作品在时代洪流中脱颖而出,成为永恒的经典和传世之作。通过对孙先生70年风景园林史料的分析和研究,从聚焦时代背景的视角,阐述他为当代建设科学与艺术、东方与西方、古典与现代、自然与人文、抽象与现实相结合的世界一流公园和植物园开辟了道路、引领了方向、奠定了基础、树立了典范。【展望】孙筱祥先生的风景园林作品,遍布中国大江南北的不同气候带,他为促进植物多样性物种保存和迁地保护、人类生存环境的可持续发展,以及发挥公园和植物园的生态、社会、美学和经济效应,均做出了不朽的贡献。他的理论思想和园林创作艺术将通过他的杰作代代传扬,持续推动中国和世界风景园林事业的发展。     

Inhibition of Spore Germination of Phakopsora Pachyrhizi Using Crude Extracts of Amaranthus Spinosus

The effectiveness of methanolic and n-hexane crude extracts of Amaranthus spinosus to inhibit the spore germination of Phakopsora pachyrhizi, a causal agent of soybean rust disease was studied. Both methanolic and n-hexane crude extracts inhibited spore germination at concentrations of 0.1% to 5.0%. Methanolic extract of the roots at a concentration of 2.5% inhibited 55% of spore germination, and this result was similar when higher concentration at 5% of methanolic and n-hexane extracts of the flowers was used. The presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids in the extract may be responsible for the inhibition. The extract was potential to be utilized as a botanical fungicide.     

植物分类园景观营造研究 以晋中百草坡森林植物园分类园为例

通过对国内外植物分类园现状分析,总结分类园规划常用分类系统自身特点及局限性。以晋中市百草坡森林植物园分类园为例,进行分类园景观营造分析。从分类系统选择、植物收集、展示面积计算、景观空间营造和植物景观特色塑造等方面对分类园规划设计方法展开研究,以期为规划科普性、地域性和特色性分类园提供借鉴和参考。     

Determination of the botanical origin of honey by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy: an approach for routine analysis

Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy has been established for analysing most of the physical–chemical parameters of honey. Additionally this technique can be used for determination of the botanical origin of a honey sample by comparison of the mid-infrared spectra. In this study calibrations for authentification of the main regional honey types should be developed to be able to measure simultaneously physical–chemical properties and the botanical origin at a minimum of time and at low costs. Honey samples from local beekeepers were collected and characterized by standard methods. The most common honey types were used for calibration. We recorded the mid infrared spectrum from each honey sample. Classification models were achieved by PCA-calibration and validated with samples from various botanical origins. Honey of Brassica spp., Robinia pseudoacacia, Calluna vulgaris, Trifolium spp., Tilia spp., Helianthus annuus, Centaurea cyanus and honeydew honey was used for calibration. Afterwards the calibration models were improved during routine analysis. Most of the honey samples from rape, false acacia, heather and honeydew can be classified correctly by the FTIR in consideration of the physical–chemical and sensorial properties.     

Classification of Italian honeys by mid-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRIFTS)

Diffuse reflectance mid-infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and multivariate statistical analysis methods were used for the identification and classification of honey from different floral sources. The 82 honey samples (robinia, chestnut, citrus, polyfloral) were scanned by DRIFTS in the region 4000–600 cm⁻¹ and also transformed in 1st and 2nd derivatives. Spectral data were analyzed by principal component analysis, general discriminant analysis and classification tree analysis. Classification accuracy near 100% was obtained by discriminant and classification tree analyses. Classification models were successfully validated with one-third leave out method and a classification of about 100% were achieved.