Sense of place and mental wellness amongst African immigrants in Canada

This study examines the effects of self-perceived mental wellness and other socio-economic variables on sense of place amongst Ghanaian and Somali immigrants living in Hamilton, Ontario. Research results are based on the analysis of survey questionnaires (n = 236) of Ghanaian and Somali immigrant adults, with recent (0–5 years), mid-term (6–10 years), and long-term (more than 10 years) residency in Canada. Our findings revealed several significant factors of sense of place, including self-perceived mental wellness, income, age, employment, citizenship status, marital status, dwelling type, and length of residency in Canada. The findings highlight the need for research to incorporate sense of place into studies on visible minority immigrants and to focus on those factors contributing to place attachment amongst recent immigrants.     

Geologic feasibility of underground hydrogen storage in Canada

Electricity production in the majority of Canada's regions is characterized by high proportions of nuclear and renewable sources such as hydroelectricity. Future plans to phase out coal-fired power plants by 2030 and decrease fossil fuel use in favor of increased integration of renewables highlight the need to develop strategies which can match intermittent and base-load electricity output with market demand. The use of hydrogen gas generated through off-peak electrolysis has been highlighted by the Canadian government as a potential avenue forward in managing electrical grids with surplus and intermittent electricity generation. This technology can be supported in a safe and cost-effective manner by underground hydrogen storage in geological formations. In this article, an overview of Canadian geology, as well as an assessment of the potential application of underground storage methods and associated safety concerns in Canada is presented. Favorable locations for pilot projects are found in the sedimentary basins of western and Atlantic Canada as well as southern Ontario, or the crystalline rocks of the Canadian Shield.     

油砂新的经济增长推进剂

加拿大拥有丰富的油砂资源，在全球油砂石油开发生产方面居于主导地位。随着油砂石油开发生产技术水平的不断提高，油砂石油已经成为加拿大经济发展计划中的一项重要组成部分。油砂石油对美国以及世界经济增长的推动作用已经不可忽视。     

世界未来石油工业的过渡化发展方向--以加拿大油砂石油生产和煤层气开发利用为例

加拿大是一个石油天然气净出口国．是美国最重要的能源进口国之一。随着西部省区油田的成熟化，加拿大自1999年实施开发油砂和海域石油资源项目后，石油产量开始增长。业内人士分析预测，加拿大油砂石油的产量在不久将会有更显著的提高，并可以补偿上其常规原油递减的产量。加拿大油砂石油生产和煤层气开发所取得的成功．很可能是今后世界石油工业的过渡发展方向。     

加拿大阿尔伯塔省油气资源管理研究与启示

加拿大作为全球主要油气生产国,市场化程度高,其先进的油气资源管理制度对我国具有借鉴意义。本文通过对加拿大阿尔伯塔省油气资源管理框架、合同出让及管理、资源所有者权益实现及监督管理等方面进行研究,发现其具有油气管理法律法规健全、油气合同区块面积小、合同出让频率高、区块退出管理严格、独立行使强大的监管职能、权利金收取考虑了企业成本回收等特点。结合我国实际,建议加快推进油气管理法律法规立改废;缩小油气勘查区块面积,加快竞争出让;分区域设置最长勘查年限,严格区块退出;设置专门油气监管机构,加强监督管理;调整完善油气资源权益金制度体系,鼓励勘探开发。     

中加工程造价管理对比与借鉴

2003年2月17日,建设部以国家标准形式发布《建设工程工程量清单计价规范》,并于7月1日起实施。然该计价模式推行三年多来,由于中国工程造价管理不完善,实际应用中还存在许多问题。本文通过对加拿大工程造价管理的介绍,同时与中国工程造价进行对比,借鉴加方工程造价管理经验,提出弥补我国工程造价管理不足的建议,以适应我国正在推行的工程量清单计价规范,最终达到与国际接轨的目的。     

An analysis of construction productivity differences between Canada and the United States

Comparisons of industry sectors in advanced economies since the 1960s show that the construction sector has lagged in productivity growth rates, especially in the United States. Although the US and Canadian economies are highly integrated, Canada’s experience differs in key ways. Analysis of these differences offers insight into fundamental construction productivity drivers. Three levels of analyses of construction productivity in the US are provided in this study. The first analysis compared international levels of labour productivity growth. The second compared construction productivity between the US and Canada, and the third analysed cost estimating data from RS Means estimating manuals to measure the changes in labour and partial factor productivity in the US from 1995 to 2009. Statistical significance testing indicates that labour productivity remained nearly constant in the building sub-sector and that partial factor productivity has improved at an annual compound rate of 0.66%. This supports previous findings that US construction has stagnated but is still improving in Canada, with wage differentials and training systems as potential drivers of this difference. While growth rates of productivity seem to decline with higher absolute levels of productivity, there is no evidence that high absolute productivity levels preclude significant growth.     

中国企业投资加拿大矿业实务分析

本文从加拿大税制、海外投资架构、境外中间持股公司设立和维护和在加拿大注册公司四个方面对在加拿大矿业投资实务进行了总结和分析,加拿大矿业投资主要涉及的税种包括企业所得税、资本利得税、预提税等。为使税负最优,多采用两种间接持股的海外投资架构,本文具体分析了两种架构的税负效果,并结合管理层级、成本及未来投资规划方面对两种架构进行了比较。境外中间持股公司通常设在香港和卢森堡,本文总结了设立、维护中的程序和要求,以及适用的税制。除购买矿业公司股权外,也会在加拿大设立公司开展矿业投资、风险勘查等业务,文章提示了设立时通常关注的重要事项。     

加拿大白桦地致密气储层定量表征技术

以加拿大白桦地大型致密砂岩气田的研究为基础,梳理了致密气开发过程中需要评价分析的5大品质特性,提出了表征致密气储层特征的关键参数,确定了适用研究区的致密气储层定量表征和评价技术,形成了一套指标体系:多旋回精细等时地层格架和砂体叠置结构特征分析技术以确定储层空间展布;TOC测井参数地质统计定量技术以确定有机质丰度;岩心"四性"关系标定与序贯高斯模拟的储层物性定量表征技术以确定储层物性分类级别;基于岩心应力实验和测井解释的岩石脆性指数综合判定技术以确定岩石可压性;与压裂水平井产量相关的多参数组合综合评价技术以确定有利布井区;井下微地震监测技术定量用以表征人工裂缝、优化井位部署;水平井分段压裂优化技术确定最佳压裂段数、缝间距等参数,落实分段压裂水平井单井控制体积,确定单井控制储量。通过储层和裂缝综合研究不断优化致密气藏开发井网,其中大规模水平井压裂是致密气高产的有效保障,这些技术的现场应用也取得了显著的效果。     

NRC Clients' Perceptions of Electronic Resources and Use of CISTI's Virtual Library

ABSTRACT

This article presents results relating to perception and usage of CISTI's two-year-old Virtual Library in a research environment. Research and technical officers of the National Research Council of Canada were surveyed. The results indicate that research staff are favorably inclined toward the use of electronic resources, with some differences accorded to its use by the two client groups studied. Surprisingly, research staff accept the possibility of serendipity in a digital environment. There is a positive correlation between usage of digital resources and perception and training levels, while a correlation between presence of an onsite traditional library with usage of electronic resources is not supported. Data collected will be used to assist in the redesign of the site and related training efforts.