Corner flow in free liquid films

A lubrication-flow model for a free film in a corner is presented. The model, written in the hyperbolic coordinate system ξ = x ² −y ², η = 2xy, applies to films that are thin in the η-direction. The lubrication approximation yields two coupled evolution equations for the film thickness and the velocity field which, to lowest order, describes plug flow in the hyperbolic coordinates. A free film in a corner evolving under surface tension and gravity is investigated. The rate of thinning of a free film is compared to that of a film evolving over a solid substrate. Viscous shear and normal stresses are both captured in the model and are computed for the entire flow domain. It is shown that normal stress dominates over shear stress in the far field, while shear stress dominates close to the corner. This revised version was published online in October 2005 with corrected page numbers.     

Fast convergent study on potential－harmonic method of directly solving Schrodinger equation in few－body systems

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正交曲线坐标下三维代数应力通量模型

针对弯曲及不规则明渠的水动力及物质输运特性，本文建立了曲线坐标系下的三维代数应力通量数学模型，对平面上弯曲及不规则复杂边界情形，采用Poisson方程进行正交曲线坐标变换，各向异性的湍流代数应力通量模型被引用于本文的模拟计算中，以体现复杂边界条件引起的水动力及物质输运特性的变化。通过180度强弯曲明渠水槽及贵溪电厂不规则边界河段物理模型试验两个实例计算表明，实测值与计算吻合良好，效果令人满意。     

Time-Space Label Switching Protocol (TSL-SP)—A New Paradigm of Network Resource Assignment

In this paper we propose a new protocol called time-space label switching protocol (TSL-SP) in optical burst switching (OBS), and define the terms time-space label (TSL) and time-space routing (TSR). An important concept of response time is introduced in the time label mechanism. The TSL-SP is a new technology that can quickly and efficiently forward data with a label on the optical networks. A two-dimension label switched path (TD-LSP) can be set up, that is maintained and deleted by the TSL-SP. For clearly illuminating the operation principles of the TSL-SP, we propose a new approach of orthogonal time-space coordinates in which the vertical coordinate is the space label and the horizontal coordinate is the time label. The proposed TD-LSP can dramatically reduce the routing failure probability and greatly improve the link network efficiency compared with other signaling protocols. Moreover, we define the time-space label control plane that can achieve the higher efficiency. When the TSL-SP is applied to networks, switching performance can be improved by two orders compared to the switching performance with the conventional OBS signaling protocols. The fundamental goal of TSL-SP is to band the signaling and routing functions together closely. Also, the TSL-SP can reduce the complexity of the network, support automatic service offering, and provide traffic engineering.     

A mathematical model for wet-chemical diffusion-controlled mask etching through a circular hole

Asymptotic solutions are presented for diffusion-controlled wet-chemical etching through a round hole in a mask. The three-dimensional diffusion field is assumed to be axisymmetric and fully developed. Two time regimes are considered. The first applies when the etched depth is small in comparison with the width of the mask opening. In the second, the depth of etching is much greater than the width of the mask opening. Explicit solutions are found for the shape of the etched surface as a function of the physical parameters. Among other things it is found that, as long as the etched pits are shallow, etching through small apertures is faster than through larger ones. The opposite is true for deep pits.     

X，Y定标方法在触摸屏中的应用

文章从屏前Ｘ，Ｙ位置如何定标的共同问题出发，讨论了常用的几种触摸屏光学的、电阻式、电容式和超声式的原理性结构和性能，最后还阐述了它们的应用场合     

Curvilinear grids for WENO methods in astrophysical simulations

We investigate the applicability of curvilinear grids in the context of astrophysical simulations and WENO schemes. With the non-smooth mapping functions from Calhoun et al. (2008), we can tackle many astrophysical problems which were out of scope with the standard grids in numerical astrophysics. We describe the difficulties occurring when implementing curvilinear coordinates into our WENO code, and how we overcome them. We illustrate the theoretical results with numerical data. The WENO finite difference scheme works only for high Mach number flows and smooth mapping functions, whereas the finite volume scheme gives accurate results even for low Mach number flows and on non-smooth grids.     

DAMPED OSCILLATIONS IN A BINGHAM PLASTIC FLUID

Stokes' second problem, the propagation and damping of waves into a semi-infinite fluid generated by harmonic oscillations of a flat pate on the surface, is solved for the simple Bingham Theological constitutive model. The solution reveals the existence of “windows” in the distance-time-stress space in which shearing is possible whereas outside these restricted regions no shearing can occur. Within these restricted regions the wave forms developed are exponentially damped, traveling waves which propagate from the excitation plane into the fluid and disappear along definitely prescribed boundaries determined by the yield condition. The most significant consequence of the existence of these “windows” of shear is that even very small yield stresses will radically modify the induced velocity wave patterns from that which would be expected based upon the classical Newtonian fluid solution of Stokes' second problem. At least in this physical setting, it is not necessary for shear to occur globally for motion to occur anywhere, as has been postulated in some recent studies of complex motions. Thus, the motion is consistent with a simple Bingham model which does possess a yield stress.     

准完全最大距离伪随机测试研究

对超大规模集成电路进行随机测试的测试码之间的距离作了定量分析,在此基础上,改进了最大距离随机测试算法中测试码的生成方法,使得所生成的伪随机测试码集合同时达到最大海明距离与近似最大笛卡尔距离。因此每一个测试码可以尽可能多地独立检测到更多不重复的故障。进而提出了准完全最大距离测试新算法的思想和构建理论,并详细阐述了该算法的执行流程。在ISCAS'85基准电路上进行的大量实验数据分析表明,本方法确实有效地提高了随机测试效率,降低了随机测试成本。     

An efficient method for a numerical description of virgin olive oil color with only two absorbance measurements

Four polynomial expressions are obtained that provide a good approximation and an easy, rapid calculation of the chromatic coordinates and the chroma—L ^*, a ^*, b ^*, and C—for the illuminant C and the standard observer, for a virgin or extra virgin olive oil; absorbance is measured at only 480 and 670 nm. These are as follows: L ^*=0.556458(A₄₈₀)²−2.51145A₄₈₀+0.55504(A₆₇₀)²−8.53016A₆₇₀+98.4089; a ^*=0.177372(A₄₈₀)²+2.1363A₄₈₀+1.43254(A₆₇₀)²−0.789231A₆₇₀−13.9246; b ^*=−16.0277(A₄₈₀)²+79.8932A₄₈₀−5.06558(A₆₇₀)²+3.36169A₆₇₀+31.9405; C=−15.8439(A₄₈₀)²+78.9312A₄₈₀−5.26784(A₆₇₀)²+3.56917A₆₇₀+33.3927. These give acceptable results, making the method a practical alternative to the extremely laborious Commission Internationale d’Eclairage (CIE) L ^* a ^* b ^* system, by which 391 absorbance values must be measured individually, nanometer by nanometer, before applying more complex equations. The validity of the proposed method has been confirmed by comparison, using a set of 20 sample oils different from the set of 25 oils used to generate the order of the equations. The variations between the values provided by the proposed and standard methods, respectively, had a mean of 0.00 for each of the chromatic variables—L ^* , a ^* , b ^* , and C; SD were moderate (0.71, 0.52, 1.22, and 1.22, respectively); the root mean square and the R ²-terms also confirmed the validity of the method.