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排序方式: 共有1080条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
采用籽晶法制备了3种[001]取向的镍基单晶高温合金。通过正方形估算法和直接测量法统计了合金不同凝固高度的一次枝晶间距。该方案消除了晶界和晶体学取向对一次枝晶间距的影响。随着凝固高度升高,3种合金的一次枝晶平均间距逐渐增大。两种统计方法的一次枝晶平均间距相近,说明两种方法的精度均较高。此外,3种合金的一次枝晶间距在较大的范围内变化,且呈正态分布。3种合金的一次枝晶间距上限是下限的5.4~8.5倍。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(32):14580-14588
Recovery of hydrogen (H2) from H2-containing gas mixtures has great significance for energy conservation, cost reduction and benefit increase. However, the common separation methods have the ubiquitous problem due to phase equilibrium principle and results in the conflict between H2 concentration and H2 recovery rate in the product gas. Consequently, an innovative conception of hydrate-membrane coupling approach is proposed in this work. In the separation process, hydration and membrane permeation two separation driving forces coexist to achieve the aim of strengthening mass transfer kinetics. H2 and non-H2 components (hydrocarbons) are synchronously and directionally selected by membrane and hydrate to improve different phase compositions. Therefore, the gas in feed side could keep relatively high two separation driving forces (H2 fugacity and hydrocarbons fugacity). The results show that the coupling method could synchronously increase both the concentration and the recovery rate of H2 in the product gas. At the same time, the volume and concentration of the hydrocarbons in hydrate both increases effectively. It indicates that hydrate and membrane separation methods support each other in the separation process. The hydrate-membrane coupling method fundamentally solves the issue of the decreasing driving force resulting from single separation method and phase equilibrium relationship. 相似文献
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马德新 《稀有金属材料与工程》2021,50(12):4357-4364
通过对单晶高温合金铸件中雀斑缺陷的观察研究,发现铸件横截面和纵截面的形状都对雀斑的形成产生很大的影响。铸件横截面形状的影响表现为棱角和曲率效应,即雀斑容易出现在外凸形的棱角(夹角<180°)和曲面(曲率为正)上,而不会出现在内凹形的棱角(夹角>180°)和曲面(曲率为负)。其原因在于糊状区液体流动的附壁效应会在铸件外凸和内凹部位分别发生叠加和发散,从而分别促进和减弱雀斑的生成倾向。另外,铸件纵截面形状变化对雀斑的影响表现为收扩效应,即沿凝固方向呈收缩型和扩张型的的外表面对雀斑的影响完全相反,分别起到强烈的促进和抑制作用。研究结果表明,上述的铸件形状因素对雀斑的作用远远超过了凝固条件的影响。 相似文献
7.
Lingyu Li Zhiyun Li Xiutao Li Xiqing Xu Anran Guo Jiachen Liu Haiyan Du 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2018,38(10):3595-3602
Directional ice-templated ceramics have unique lamellar porous channels between ceramic walls which run from bottom to top of the samples. This highly oriented morphology results in the anisotropy in mechanical properties both parallel and perpendicular to freezing direction. In this research, fiber-enhanced ice-templated porous ceramics were fabricated by introducing fibers into alumina slurry for freezing. The trans-lamellar fiber bridges connecting adjacent ceramic walls were formed by adjusting the aspect ratio of fibers and freezing velocity, which greatly enhanced the compressive response in two directions and weakened the anisotropy in mechanical properties of the directional ice-templated ceramics. The results showed that the of fiber bridges increased with the increase of fiber aspect ratio and the longitudinal and transverse mechanical properties increased by 73.5% and 232.6%, respectively. 相似文献
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巷道掘进超前探查一般采用钻探方法的开展工作,常规回转钻进由于受钻进工艺等影响,存在钻孔施工长度短、影响正常掘进、施工精度较差等问题。而采用长距离掩护式定向钻进工艺开展超前探放水工作,可对掘进头600m范围内进行超前探查,钻孔施工长度较常规回转钻进孔长度增大3~4倍,在不影响掘进的前提下,可通过随钻测斜仪器实时对钻孔轨迹进行调整、监控,从而达到高精度、长距离对掘进前方进行超前探查,较常规超前探放水具有较大的优势[1]。 相似文献
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Differential evolution (DE) is widely studied in the past decade. In its mutation operator, the random variations are derived from the difference of two randomly selected different individuals. Difference vector plays an important role in evolution. It is observed that the best fitness found so far by DE cannot be improved in every generation. In this article, a directional mutation operator is proposed. It attempts to recognize good variation directions and increase the number of generations having fitness improvement. The idea is to construct a pool of difference vectors calculated when fitness is improved at a generation. The difference vector pool will guide the mutation search in the next generation once only. The directional mutation operator can be applied into any DE mutation strategy. The purpose is to speed up the convergence of DE and improve its performance. The proposed method is evaluated experimentally on CEC 2005 test set with dimension 30 and on CEC 2008 test set with dimensions 100 and 1000. It is demonstrated that the proposed method can result in a larger number of generations having fitness improvement than classic DE. It is combined with eleven DE algorithms as examples of how to combine with other algorithms. After its incorporation, the performance of most of these DE algorithms is significantly improved. Moreover, simulation results show that the directional mutation operator is helpful for balancing the exploration and exploitation capacity of the tested DE algorithms. Furthermore, the directional mutation operator modifications can save computational time compared to the original algorithms. The proposed approach is compared with the proximity based mutation operator as both are claimed to be applicable to any DE mutation strategy. The directional mutation operator is shown to be better than the proximity based mutation operator on the five variants in the DE family. Finally, the applications of two real world engineering optimization problems verify the usefulness of the proposed method. 相似文献
10.
旋转导向钻井技术可以有效提高钻井速度,解决滑动导向方式带来的井身质量差、井眼轨迹不规则、净化效果差等问题;还具有井下闭环自动导向的能力,大大提高了定向钻井效率和井眼轨迹控制的精度;能有效解决定向钻进中"托压"问题,提高钻井安全性;能够钻出更符合设计要求的轨迹。在江汉油田,共有6口井应用了旋转导向钻井技术。实践表明旋转导向钻井技术对于复杂工艺井具有提高定向钻井效率的作用;适合上部防斜要求难度高的地层,下部在长井段稳斜及长水平段延伸钻井中具有明显优势;能更加精确高效地进行工程和地质导向。在现场运用中,需要对底部钻具组合进优化,进一步提高实际施工中的造斜率,以满足各种井型需要;还应加快推进国产化进程。 相似文献