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1.
Powering wearable bioelectronics with decent skin conformability and wearing comfort is highly desired. Fiber batteries could provide an attractive alternative to traditional rigid ones and present a compelling solution to this problem. In this review, we will discuss the various classes of fiber batteries, including lithium batteries, zinc batteries, and other types of fiber batteries. We will then report the latest research progress on each battery category through its working mechanism, materials usage, structure design, and wearable applications. Finally, we provide insights into current challenges and future applications of fiber batteries, aiming to promote the development of low-cost and high-performance fiber battery technologies for wearable bioelectronics.  相似文献   
2.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(6):8297-8305
Pure and Sn/Fe co-doped (0.2 at.% Sn and 0.6 at.% Fe, 0.6 at.% Sn and 0.2 at.% Fe, 1.0 at.% Sn and 1.0 at.% Fe) TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via a sol-gel method and subsequently calcined at different temperatures. Furthermore, the particles were analyzed by TG-DSC, XRD, TEM, HRTEM, EDS, SAED and UV–Vis for investigating the influences of dopant and calcination temperature on the thermal effect, composition, morphology, energy band gap (Eg) and the degradation efficiency of methyl orange (MO) under various light irradiations respectively. Results indicated that Sn/Fe co-doping inhibited the crystallization transformation from anatase to rutile phase of TiO2 and decreased the Eg. The increased calcination temperature and Sn/Fe co-doped effect brought about the abnormal grain growth of TiO2 nanoparticles. 0.6 at.% Sn/0.2 at.% Fe and 1.0 at.% Sn/1.0 at.% Fe co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles presented better photocatalytic performance than pure and 0.2 at.% Sn/0.6 at.% Fe co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles under visible light irradiation mainly due to the decreased Eg. On the contrary, 0.2 at.% Sn and 0.6 at.% Fe co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles calcined at 650 °C showed the most excellent photocatalytic performance under UV light irradiation, which was about twice as large as that of pure TiO2 possibly due to the formed hybrid structure of anatase and rutile phase as well as the h+-mediated decomposition pathway.  相似文献   
3.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(10):14349-14359
The influence of heat-treatment temperatures (700 °C, 900°C, 1200 °C) on the phase, physical properties, crystallization rate, and in vitro properties of the solution combustion synthesized silicon-doped calcium phosphates (CaPs) were investigated. The thermodynamic aspects (enthalpy, entropy, and free energy) of the synthesis process and the crystallographic properties of the final samples were first predicted and then confirmed using density functional theory (DFT). Results demonstrated that the crystallization rate was controlled by the fuel(s) type (glycine, citric acid, and urea) and the amounts of Si4+ ions (0, 0.1, 0.4 mol). The highest calculated crystallization rate values of the un-doped, 0.1, and 0.4 mol Si-doped samples were 64%, 22%, 38%, respectively. The obtained results from the DFT simulation revealed that crystal growth in the direction of c-axis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) structure could change the stability of (001) surface of (HAp). Also, the computational data confirmed the adsorption of Si–OH groups on the (001) surface of HAp during the SCS process with an adsorption energy of 1.53 eV. AFM results in line with DFT simulation showed that the observed change in the surface roughness of Si-doped CaPs from 2 to 8 nm could be related to the doping of Si4+ ions onto the surface of CaPs. Besides, the theoretical and experimental investigation showed that crystal growth and doping of Si4+ ions could decrease the activation energy of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Furthermore, the results showed that the crystallized HAp structure could have great potential to efficiently reduce oxidative stress in human body.  相似文献   
4.
The freeze–thaw cycling damages the soil structure, and the shear performance of soil are degraded. A series of tests on lime–soil(L–S) and fiber–lime–soil(F–L–S), including freeze–thaw test, the triaxial compression test, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) test and scanning electron microscope (SEM) test, were completed. The test results showed that fiber reinforcement changed the stress–strain behavior and failure pattern of soil. The cohesion and internal friction angle of soil gradually decreased with the increase of freeze–thaw cycles (F–T cycles). The pore radius and porosity of soil increased, while the micro pore volume decreased, and the small pore volume, medium pore volume and large pore volume increased, and the large pore volume had a little variation after 10 F–T cycles. The number of pores of F–L–S was less than L–S, demonstrating that the addition of fiber helped to reduce the pore volume. The interweaved fibers limited the development and the connection of cracks. By means of the spatial restraint effect of fiber on the soil and the friction action between fiber and soil, the shear performances and freeze–thaw durability of F–L–S better were than that of L–S.  相似文献   
5.
Geogrid reinforcement can significantly improve the uplift bearing capacity of anchor plates. However, the failure mechanism of anchor plates in reinforced soil and the contribution of geogrids need further investigation. This paper presents an experimental study on the anchor uplift behavior in geogrid-reinforced soil using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and the high-resolution optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR). A series of model tests were performed to identify the relationship between the failure mechanism and various factors, such as anchor embedment ratio, number of geogrid layers, and their location. The test results indicate that soil deformation and the uplift resistance of anchor plates are substantially influenced by anchor embedment ratio and location of geogrids, whereas the number of geogrid layers has limited influence. In reinforced soil, increasing the embedment ratio greatly improves the ultimate bearing capacities of anchor plates and affects the interlock between the soil and geogrids. As the embedment depth increases, the failure surfaces gradually change from a vertical slip surface to a bulb-shaped surface that is limited within the soil. The strain monitoring data shows that the deformations of geogrids are symmetrical, and the peak strains of geogrids can characterize the reinforcing effects.  相似文献   
6.
The table-like magnetocaloric effect is significant for the magnetic refrigeration applications above 20 K based on the Ericsson cycle. Herein, we prepared a series of Nd6Fe13Pd1–xCux (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) compounds by the arc-melting method. These compounds show the single crystalline phase in the tetragonal Nd6Fe13Si-type structure with the space group I4/mcm. A magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetism to antiferromagnetism and a metamagnetic transition from the antiferromagnetic state to the ferromagnetic state are observed in each of the compounds. The compounds exhibit table-like magnetocaloric effects with large refrigerant capacities. A constant ΔSM in a temperature span of 40 K in the Nd6Fe13Pd0.85Cu0.15 compound are observed. For a field change of 0–5 T, the peak values of –ΔSM for the Nd6Fe13Pd0.95Cu0.05, Nd6Fe13Pd0.90Cu0.10, and Nd6Fe13Pd0.85Cu0.15 compounds are estimated to be 4.8, 4.6 and 4.4 J/(kg·K) with corresponding refrigerant capacity values of 323, 331 and 316 J/kg, respectively. The obtained table-like magnetocaloric effects with large refrigerant capacities as well as fairly small thermal and magnetic hysteresis deem these series of compounds good candidates for single-phase magnetic refrigeration based on the Ericsson cycle.  相似文献   
7.
Significant developments have been made in the past few decades for lanthanide(Ln)ions doped fluorosilicate glass-ceramics(Flusi-GCs).As novel generation of luminescence materials with a wide range of applications,Flusi-GCs as a single host combine the advantages of glass and ceramics/crystals as well as fluorides and silicates.In this review,the chemical design principles and experimental procedures of Flusi-GCs are summarized in detail.Flusi-GCs are categorized as those containing PbxCd1-xF2,RF3(R=Y,La,Gd),MF2(M=Ca,Sr,Ba),xMF2-yRF3(R=Y,La-Lu),mAF-nRF3(A=Li,Na,K),KTF3(T=Zn,Mn)and K2 SiF6 nanocrystals(NCs).Theoretical breakthroughs mainly by molecular dynamic(MD)simulation have been recapitulated as efficient routes for composition-design,nano-crystallization-prediction,and performance-optimization of Flusi-GCs containing target fluoride NCs.Essential research progresses pertaining photonic applications have been made in random lasers,communication amplifiers,optical fibers,spectral converters,white light-emitting-diodes(WLEDs),and thermal sensors.In the end,we propose three future research directions for Flusi-GCs.  相似文献   
8.
悬索式跨越架在跨越电力线路施工中应用广泛,其承载索及封网绳多采用超高分子量聚乙烯纤维绳索和聚酯纤维绳索。由于进行悬索式跨越架动力学仿真计算纤维绳索所涉及的非线性本构关系尚无公开资料,各单位在进行仿真计算时采用弹性模量固定值来替代非线性应力—应变关系曲线,导致计算结果与实际情况不符。针对上述问题,对这两种常用规格的纤维绳索开展非线性本构关系试验研究,介绍了试验原理,提出了试验方法,获得了应力—应变曲线、弹性模量—载荷曲线。试验结果表明:两种纤维绳索弹性模量的最大峰值随着直径的增大而减小,与原有推荐的弹性模量经验值存在很大差异。  相似文献   
9.
Ge2Sb2Tes is the most widely utilized chalcogenide phase-change material for non-volatile photonic applications,which undergoes amorphous-cubic and cubic-hexagonal phase transition under external excitations.However,the cubic-hexagonal optical contrast is negligible,only the amorphous-cubic phase transition of Ge2Sb2Te5 is available.This limits the optical switching states of traditional active dis-plays and absorbers to two.We find that increasing structural disorder difference of cubic-hexagonal can increase optical contrast close to the level of amorphous-cubic.Therefore,an amorphous-cubic-hexagonal phase transition with high optical contrast is realized.Using this phase transition,we have developed display and absorber with three distinct switching states,improving the switching perfor-mance by 50%.Through the combination of first-principle calculations and experiments,we reveal that the key to increasing structural disorder difference of amorphous,cubic and hexagonal phases is to intro-duce small interstitial impurities(like N)in Ge2Sb2Tes,rather than large substitutional impurities(like Ag)previously thought.This is explained by the formation energy and lattice distortion.Based on the impurity atomic radius,interstitial site radius and formation energy,C and B are also potential suit-able impurities.In addition,introducing interstitial impurities into phase-change materials with van der Waals gaps in stable phase such as GeSb4Te7,GeSb2Te4,Ge3Sb2Te6,Sb2Te3 will produce high optical con-trast amorphous-metastable-stable phase transition.This research not only reveals the important role of interstitial impurities in increasing the optical contrast between metastable-stable phases,but also proposes varieties of candidate matrices and impurities.This provides new phase-change materials and design methods for non-volatile optical devices with multi-switching states.  相似文献   
10.
本文介绍了光纤光栅技术在测力锚杆上的应用,并且基于常用托盘的力学结构,增大了托盘内部的空间、设计了与之相连接的金属保护套筒使之成为一体式结构,从而有效地保护了光纤测力锚杆的主体结构。  相似文献   
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