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1.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(15):21268-21282
Mullite-Al2O3-SiC composites were in-situ synthesized through carbothermal reduction reaction of fly ash (FA) with a high alumina content and activated carbon (AC). The effects of sintering temperature, holding time, and amount of AC on the β-SiC yield, microstructure, dielectric properties, and electromagnetic (EM) absorption performance of the composites in the 2–18 GHz frequency range were studied. The results show that increasing the AC improves the porosities of the composites, with the highest porosity of 56.17% observed. The β-SiC yield varies considerably as the sintering parameters were altered, with a maximum yield of 23% achieved under conditions of 12 wt% AC, 1400 °C sintering temperature, and 3 h holding time. With a thickness of 3.5 mm, this composite has excellent EM absorption performance, exhibiting a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -51.55 dB at 7.60 GHz. Significantly, the maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) reaches 3.39 GHz when the thickness is 3.0 mm. These results demonstrate that the composite prepared under ideal conditions can absorb 99.99% of the waves passing through it. Because of the interfacial polarization, conductive loss, and impedance matching of the heterostructure, the synthesized mullite-Al2O3-SiC composites with densities ranging from 1.43 g/cm3 to 1.62 g/cm3 demonstrate outstanding EM attenuation capabilities. Therefore, this study presents a remarkable way of utilizing fly ash to fabricate inexpensive, functional ceramic materials for EM absorption applications. 相似文献
2.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(52):22203-22214
The gas purging states affect electricity output and energy storage capacity of unitized regenerative fuel cells. In this study, a model of unitized regenerative fuel cell is established. Cell voltages and operating temperatures influences on the dynamic distribution of thermal fluid during purging process and the discharge of residual liquid water in electrolytic cell mode are investigated. The motivation of the present study is better understanding the gas purging characteristics and its effect on reaction behaviors of unitized regenerative fuel cells. Simulation results reveal a significant influence of purging gas temperature on the water flooding and a great effect of operating voltage on the water diffusion. The operating temperature of electrolytic cell model almost has little effect on purging results at different cell temperature and the same purging gas temperature. When the purging gas temperature is changed, higher temperatures of cell and purging gas facilitate liquid water discharging out from the cell regions. In cell water flooding situation, when having large liquid content, the purging gas has little effects on the water expelling process. 相似文献
3.
钙钛矿结构氧化物因其优异的MIEC特性和催化性能,以及具有化学组成的选择灵活性和良好的稳定性等优点,成为最有前途和应用前景的固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)阴极材料。目前,SOFC的发展趋势是中低温化。但是,随着电池操作温度的降低,阴极极化损耗急剧增加,电池性能随之下降。考虑到中低温SOFC对阴极材料的要求,钙钛矿型阴极的催化活性仍然较低。因此,钙钛矿型阴极的性能优化正在成为新的研究热点。文中综述了近年来钙钛矿阴极的性能优化研究的新进展,着重论述了元素掺杂、形貌调控以及浸渍改性等方式对钙钛矿阴极电化学性能的优化效果。 相似文献
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介绍了涡轮空心叶片用铝基陶瓷型芯的应用背景,探讨了铝基陶瓷型芯强化及溶失性能的重要意义。阐述了造型材料、成孔剂、脱芯方法对氧化铝基陶瓷型芯溶失性能增强的研究现状,并展望了铝基陶瓷型芯未来发展面临的挑战。 相似文献
7.
以二乙醇胺(DEA)、丙烯酸甲酯(MA)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)、顺丁烯二酸酐(MAH)为原料,合成了一种端羧基超支化大单体HPAE-C。并以HPAE-C、丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸(AA)以及2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为单体,在水溶液中进行自由基聚合得到一种四元共聚物稠化剂PHPAE-C。通过FTIR和1HNMR对其结构进行表征。评价了超支化稠化剂的溶液性质和交联性能。结果表明,稠化剂质量浓度为3000 mg/L(剪切速率为7.34 s-1,25℃)时,溶液表观黏度可达846.7 mPa·s,升温至90℃时,黏度仍为570 mPa·s,并且在Na+质量浓度为6000 mg/L、Ca2+和Mg2+质量浓度为600 mg/L时表观黏度仍能达到300mPa·s以上,说明PHPAE-C具有良好的增黏、耐温、耐盐和抗剪切性能;在交联比m(聚合物水溶液)∶m(乙酰丙酮锆)=100∶0.06、交联温度为55 ℃、pH=5时交联效果最佳。并对交联效果最佳的压裂液进行了性能评价,结果表明,在120℃、170s-1下剪切80 min后,该体系的表观黏度可达到450 mPa·s左右,并且是一种具有良好悬砂、破胶性能的低伤害压裂液体系。 相似文献
8.
An understanding of the similar and divergent metrics and methodologies underlying open government data benchmarks can reduce the risks of the potential misinterpretation and misuse of benchmarking outcomes by policymakers, politicians, and researchers. Hence, this study aims to compare the metrics and methodologies used to measure, benchmark, and rank governments' progress in open government data initiatives. Using a critical meta-analysis approach, we compare nine benchmarks with reference to meta-data, meta-methods, and meta-theories. This study finds that both existing open government data benchmarks and academic open data progress models use a great variety of metrics and methodologies, although open data impact is not usually measured. While several benchmarks’ methods have changed over time, and variables measured have been adjusted, we did not identify a similar pattern for academic open data progress models. This study contributes to open data research in three ways: 1) it reveals the strengths and weaknesses of existing open government data benchmarks and academic open data progress models; 2) it reveals that the selected open data benchmarks employ relatively similar measures as the theoretical open data progress models; and 3) it provides an updated overview of the different approaches used to measure open government data initiatives’ progress. Finally, this study offers two practical contributions: 1) it provides the basis for combining the strengths of benchmarks to create more comprehensive approaches for measuring governments’ progress in open data initiatives; and 2) it explains why particular countries are ranked in a certain way. This information is essential for governments and researchers to identify and propose effective measures to improve their open data initiatives. 相似文献
9.
随着新能源汽车的发展,动力电池成为纯电动汽车的核心技术之一。为使电池热管理系统对车用电池组温度的控制过程更加节能高效,采用合适的电池布置间距尤为重要。以26650圆柱形锂离子电池组为对象,通过Fluent仿真模拟了顺排与叉排两种布置形式下28mm、31mm、34mm、37mm、40mm五种电池间距对应的电池组强制风冷过程。分析了五种电池布置间距下电池综合换热性能、电池最高温升、电池温度一致性、所需风扇功率及电池组体积利用率随电池间距的变化规律。研究表明权衡考虑各项性能的最优电池间距对于顺排布置为35mm,对于叉排布置为36mm。 相似文献
10.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(1):769-775
Brittle materials generally exhibit size effects, and the mechanical properties of these materials degrade significantly with an increase in size. However, the mathematical law governing the attenuation degree of mechanical properties with the increase in size is still unknown. In this study, maximum loads of differently sized ceramic test strips were subjected to three point bending tests under two working conditions of equal spans and span amplifications, respectively. Subsequently, the theoretical maximum loads of materials were calculated using the finite element method (FEM). By calculating the difference between the calculated values and the actual maximum loads, the attenuation of mechanical properties of ceramic samples were observed. The results show that the theoretical mechanical properties and the performance attenuation caused by the size effect tend to increase according to the following equation: y=ax3+bx2+cx+d. Therefore, mechanical properties and performance attenuation of any sample exhibiting a size within the experimental range can be predicted by a mathematical law, which was obtained through mechanical tests results of four samples with different sizes. The obtained mathematical law holds great significance for predicting the mechanical properties of materials under size effects. 相似文献