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In the present study, various diffusive processes have been investigated during foaming of powdered precursors of polyimide. A detailed analysis of the powdered precursor's characteristics allows for an enhanced morphological understanding of the resulting microstructures and foam unit cell. Parameters that are central to the foaming process such as particle morphology, volatile concentration and sorption-desorption processes are evaluated. Isothermal and non-isothermal desorption experiments have been carried out by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and specific diffusive processes have been correlated to thermodynamic and kinetic transitions by means of modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) of the corresponding materials. It was found that two primary fluxes of volatiles, one out of the external surface of the particles (responsible for volatile desorption) and the other into the growing bubble (responsible for vapor supersaturation inside the bubble) compete against each other creating a competitive scenario that becomes the controlling factor for potential inflation within the precursor particles. 相似文献
3.
本文在条状屏彩色显象管校正透镜设计的基础上,提出了蹼状屏彩色显示管校正透镜的优化设计方法并给出了设计实例,通过计算机模拟电子束轨迹和光线追迹,分析了校正透镜面型修正程序的精度。 相似文献
4.
用单透镜变换由多模光纤出射的大功率Nd:YAG激光束的特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据理论假设,通过选取单透镜的参数和位置,计算说明了单透镜使经由多模光纤出射的大功率Nd:YAG激光束的发射角压缩,光束聚焦效率提高,光束截面场为高斯分布;文中的计算结果符合已知规律,从而说明了理论假设的正确性。 相似文献
5.
本文研究短程透镜的焦点位于端面外的球差特性。对焦点位于波导外部(包括端面)的情况给出了一种精确测量焦距新方法,采用这种方法简单易行,测量精度取决于读数显微镜的读数精度(0.01mm)。 相似文献
6.
Preparation of polyimide-epoxy composites 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Kevin Gaw Mitsutoshi Kikei Masa-aki Kakimoto Yoshio Imai 《Reactive and Functional Polymers》1996,30(1-3):85-91
The formation of a three dimensional network of crosslinked epoxy leads all unmodified epoxies to have inherent brittleness and relatively low degradation temperatures. Polyimides, on the other hand, are widely used for applications that require high degrees of flexibility and thermal resistance. Here, we have focused on the preparation of epoxy systems cured with polyamic acids instead of traditional amino-group-containing hardening agents. The cure behavior and potential reaction mechanisms of EPON 828 resin and polyamic acid mixtures were evaluated by DSC and TGA. Thermal analysis showed a complex reaction sequence taking place in the mixture and also determined the extent of reaction of the polyamic acid with itself and the competitive reaction of the polyamic acid with the epoxy. The compositions of the mixtures were varied to see the dependence of the cure behavior on component concentrations. Solutions of the two components did not phase separate and also phase separation was not apparent either optically or microscopically in the cured samples. This phase behavior was attributed to a unique in situ reaction. A novel solvent system for the polyamic acid precursor was also used. 相似文献
7.
Wettability of polyimide (PI) and polypropylene (PP) films have been improved using SiOx-like thin layers deposited from a mixture of hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) and oxygen in a microwave distributed electron cyclotron resonance plasma reactor. The films wettability evolution behaviors were evaluated through the results of contact angle measurements, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The plasma depositions of SiOx thin layers in presence of VUV radiation induce a contact angle decrease to about 7° and 35° for PI and PP films, respectively. XPS data showed that such difference in wettability is attributed to the increase of hydrophilic group's proportion at the surface of coated PI films due to VUV irradiation. AFM images showed that the PI surface topography remains relatively smooth when coated in presence of VUV radiation. However, in the case of PP films, AFM images revealed the growth of irregular structure due to a substrate etching effect supported by VUV radiation. For polymers coated without VUV irradiation, the deconvolution of the C1s peaks showed a significant decrease of CO bonds for both PI and PP substrates. 相似文献
8.
用于X光激光实验的反射式线聚焦光学系统的设计和分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
基于三维光线追迹的象差计算,对卢瑟福实验室用离轴球面反射线聚焦系统作了分析。然后,首次提出了用于X光激光实验的两类新的反射式线聚焦构型,即反射式光楔列阵和光锥列阵系统,并作了计算。最后,对所得结果作了比较和讨论。 相似文献
9.
本文阐述了一种新型的X射线聚束装置─—X射线透镜的聚束原理。给出了透镜的基本设计方法,并对它应用于X射线光刻研究领域的前景作了展望。 相似文献
10.