下扬子地区下志留统风暴沉积特征及风暴作用对泥页岩品质的影响

近年来在下扬子地区页岩气地质调查井所获取的地层岩心资料，揭示该地区下志留统风暴沉积较为发育。基于精细的岩心观察描述，详细分析了下扬子地区下志留统高家边组下段中上部风暴沉积的特征，并阐明了风暴作用对泥页岩的影响。研究表明：研究区风暴岩岩性偏细，以粉砂岩为主，石英含量较高，结构成熟度较低，具2种不同的粒度概率曲线；主要发育底部冲刷面、块状层理、平行层理、丘状交错层理、波纹交错层理、准同生变形构造等沉积构造；垂向上主要识别出4种风暴沉积序列，均具有从底到顶粒度变细的沉积特征，不同的沉积序列与风暴流能量的强弱有关。下扬子地区早志留世频繁的风暴活动与研究区的古地理背景和古气候条件具有内在联系。特大型风暴对浅海陆棚深水区的细粒泥质沉积物特征产生重要影响，包括降低有机质含量、减少单层厚度、破坏垂向连续性、改变原始沉积构造和侧向稳定性等，总体上降低了泥页岩的品质。因此，研究认为在页岩气的勘探和评价过程中应重视风暴因素对陆棚深水区原始泥质沉积物的影响。     

Structural Characteristics and Contemporary Value of Traditional Water Cultural Landscapes in Huizhou Region

Water culture is one of the key issues in Water Ecological Civilization. China’s traditional water cultural landscape embodies rich water cultures, and have a significance in related research and protection practice. This paper proposes the concept of “water cultural landscape,” that is, the landscape formed through humans’ environmental alteration during water activities—including how people use, transform, and manage it. The traditional water cultural landscapes in Huizhou Region have developed over hundreds of years, reflecting the locals’ wisdom in sustainable water use. The water cultural landscape in Huizhou Region should be interpreted as a systematic notion, in which all landscape elements such as ponds, weirs, and shuikous are interdependent, composing the landscape components e.g. valleys, hills, and basins, and establishing water security patterns for cities, towns, villages, and for production. The traditional water cultural landscape in Huizhou Region requires local generations’ long-term maintenance and management, and in turn it is also vital to Huizhou people's life and Huizhou culture. Today, it acts as an ecological infrastructure for sponge countryside and sponge city construction, and an important resource for heritage protection and tourism development.     

Automated coronal hole segmentation from Solar EUV Images using the watershed transform

Region of interest segmentation in solar images is the subject of frequent research in solar physics. This study outlines watershed by immersion segmentation to identify coronal hole areas in solar images acquired using the Extreme UV Imaging Telescope (EIT). Solutions presented here produce highly accurate segmentation results of coronal holes of irregular shape, and what is more, they do so for images representing varied solar activity, recorded in different years and months. In addition, the solutions presented here make all the methods used operate very quickly. These methods include: the preprocessing step before the watershed segmentation, the watershed segmentation itself, and also the postprocessing of solar images after the watershed segmentation. The mean duration of the entire segmentation process of solar images amounts to 342 ms for a single coronal hole, without the parallel implementation of the methods used. The experiments were carried out on a computer with an Intel Core i7 CPU @ 2 GHz and 4 GB RAM. After the seed point is identified inside the coronal hole, the segmentation runs automatically.     

Robust skin detection in real-world images

Human skin detection in images is desirable in many practical applications, e.g., human–computer interaction and adult-content filtering. However, existing methods are mainly suffer from confusing backgrounds in real-world images. In this paper, we try to address this issue by exploring and combining several human skin properties, i.e. color property, texture property and region property. First, images are divided into superpixels, and robust skin seeds and background seeds are acquired through color property and texture property of skin. Then we combining color, region and texture properties of skin by proposing a novel skin color and texture based graph cuts (SCTGC) to acquire the final skin detection results. Comprehensive and comparative experiments show that the proposed method achieves promising performance and outperforms many state-of-the-art methods over publicly available challenging datasets with a great part of hard images.     

First documentation of spawning by deepwater sculpins in the Great Lakes and potential impacts of round gobies

Deepwater sculpins Myoxocephalus thompsonii, formerly fourhorn sculpin M. quadricornis (marine form), inhabit all five Great Lakes. Deepwater sculpin is prey for lake trout Salvelinus namaycush and feeds on benthos. Populations have been declining with possible reasons being oligotrophication, quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis), predation, and impacts of round goby Neogobius melanostomus competition or predation on eggs. Deepwater sculpins are thought to spawn during winter based on gravid females and appearance of larval fish in spring, but a male guarding a nest has not been documented. We used remotely operated vehicle technology during December 2015, March 2017, and March 2021 in 70–191 m in Grand Traverse Bay, Lake Michigan to identify the distribution of deepwater sculpins, round gobies, and nests with a guarding male. Round gobies were much more abundant (observations/hr = 139) in water < 125 m than were deepwater sculpins (11/hr), while in water > 166 m, deepwater sculpins were much more common (39/hr) than at shallow sites. At deep sites, round gobies were more abundant (51/hr) than deepwater sculpins (39/hr). On 16 March 2021 in 190 m of 1.9 C surface water we discovered several presumptive, unoccupied nests, but one nest in a depression next to a branch contained a deepwater sculpin and a clump of eggs. This is first evidence of where and how deepwater sculpins spawn. We also documented round gobies in the same area with one within 2 m of the nest, creating the possibility for consumption of eggs potentially affecting their long-term survival.     

Winter diets of round whitefish Prosopium cylindraceum in the St. Marys River

The round whitefish (Prosopium cylindraceum) is a coregonine native to numerous northern temperate lentic and lotic systems across North America. The St. Marys River, located between the United States and Canadian border, is one such system where the round whitefish supports a recreational fishery and is a prey source for piscivores. Round whitefish are generally known to prey upon benthic macroinvertebrates, but diets of round whitefish in the St. Marys River have not been characterized. We analyzed stomach contents from 107 round whitefish sampled from the St. Marys River during the winter months of 2020 and 2021 to describe their diets, examine their feeding strategies, and determine if they fed selectively. Ephemeropterans were the most important prey numerically, followed by megalopterans, trichopterans, and dipterans. The round whitefish population sampled from the St. Marys River exhibited a specialized feeding strategy that most often specialized on ephemeropterans. Patterns in the importance of prey types and feeding strategy were consistent between both years sampled. Selective feeding by round whitefish was examined using diet and environmental data from 2021 only, and we found that round whitefish selected both ephemeropterans and megalopterans, but avoided trichopterans and dipterans. Rather than being opportunistic invertivores, our results indicate round whitefish are specialized and selective feeders. Our findings can be used to inform conservation and management of round whitefish, as diets represent an integration of multiple ecological components such as prey availability, predator behavior, and habitat quality.     

三峡库区滑坡发育分布规律与防治对策研究

三峡库区(湖北段)是地质灾害极易发区,以滑坡为研究对象,探讨滑坡形成的特殊地质环境,统计分析滑坡发育分布规律,对比水库回水条件下的斜坡变形破坏特征,提出滑坡防治对策。     

中国寒冷地区混凝土工程冬期施工发展状况

综述了中国目前寒冷地区混凝土工程冬期施工中所采用的基本方法，探讨了研究中出现的问题，提出了供讨论的冬施混凝土今后研究课题。     

大都市圈城市创新网络及其发展特征初探

从城市网络的视角讨论创新和大都市圈发展的内在联系,基于逻辑推演提出大都市圈城市创新网络的基本概念,并从理论上分析了其"多尺度"的空间尺度特征、"多中心"的空间形态特征以及城市节点与城市创新网络整体的关系特征。在理论分析的基础上,以长三角大都市圈为例,初步从实证角度验证了大都市圈城市创新网络的三大发展特征。长三角大都市圈城市创新网络存在于区域、国家和全球三个尺度,并且空间尺度越大,城市创新网络的功能多中心程度越低。上海在长三角大都市圈内承担的创新枢纽功能主要体现在国家和全球尺度上,区域尺度的枢纽功能则被其他次中心城市所分解。