Cyanidation of Gold Associated with Silver Minerals in Sulfide Mineral Matrices

Lead salt stimulated the dissolution of gold when gold associated with silver minerals was interspersed in the silica or in the pyrite‐silica layer. Gold dissolution was likewise promoted through lead addition for chalcopyrite‐silica and the sphalerite‐silica systems. Lead addition did not boost gold dissolution and a recovery of 6.9 % was achieved for gold and silver minerals dispersed in stibnite. Lead pretreatment also enhanced gold recovery except for the stibnite‐silica system. Gold surface‐passivating films were observed for gold associated with silver minerals and stibnite.     

Enhanced H2 evolution and the interfacial electron transfer mechanism of titanate nanotube sensitized with CdS quantum dots and graphene quantum dots

Synergistic the modulation of photon absorption capability and interfacial charge transfer of the photocatalyst are highly required for developing high-performance heterojunction photocatalysts. The ternary CdS-graphene quantum dots-titanate nanotubes (CdS-GQDs-TNTs) nanocomposite have been prepared by an in situ growth method. The physicochemical characterization reveals that the GQDs are firmly decorated on both inner and outer surface of TNT through the formation of Ti–O–C chemical bonding, and CdS QDs are loaded on the outer surface of TNTs through strong interfacial interaction. The intimate integrated CdS-GQDs-TNTs nanocomposite exhibits much superior photocatalytic performance toward H₂ production compared with binary GQDs-TNTs and pure TNTs photocatalyst, which can be attributed to the combined interaction of the stronger visible light harvesting, the longer lifetime of photogenerated electron−hole pairs, faster interfacial charge transfer rate, fast and long-distance electron transport pass. The interfacial charge transfer mechanism of CdS-GQDs-TNTs ternary composite are proposed based on photoelectrochemical measurements.     

有色金属矿山选矿废水中硫化物的治理新途径

有色金属选矿厂的选矿废水中硫化物的处理是国内、外矿山废水治理的难题。本研究采用清洁生产审计法,从源头到末端对选矿作业全过程进行调查,将得到的数据、信息分析研究,建立起矿石、工业用水、硫化物的投入和产出平衡,从上述平衡中寻求硫化物时有超标的原因,从而有针对性地提出了分步综合治理硫化物的方案,与传统的一步到位的治理方案比较,具有较大的经济效益和环境效益。本方法亦可以推广到其他矿山应用,这对探索解决矿山废水中硫化物治理这一难题,在理论上和方法上均是一次有益的实践。     

弱碱性介质中提高永平铜矿铜金银回收率的研究

T 2K捕收剂与黄铜矿形成正配键和反馈键的能力很强,而与黄铁矿的作用弱。工业试验结果表明,T 2K捕收剂对硫化铜矿物具有优异的捕收能力和选择性,能在弱碱性介质中实现铜的优先浮选,克服黄药混浮工艺铜硫分离时高碱对部分铜、金、银的抑制。与黄药混浮工艺相比,T 2K全优先浮选工艺使铜精矿品位提高0 42%,铜回收率提高2 54%;硫精矿品位提高1 37%,硫回收率提高4 17%;铜精矿中金银回收率也分别提高3 73%和5 73%。     

云浮硫铁矿炸药自爆问题的研究与预防

本文在探讨硫化矿炸药自爆原因基础上,提出了简单、实用的炸药自爆矿样的检测方法和防自爆措施,可供类似矿山鉴用。     

高温高硫矿床矿石自燃危险性的评价

高温高硫矿床开采中矿石自燃危险性的准确评价一直是一个难题，探讨了多指标综合评判的新方法。实例分析表明，该方法具有较好的效果。同时本研究成果对硫化矿石自燃的理论和预防措施的研究也具有一定的参考价值。     

Effect of tube size on performance of a fixed-film tubular bioreactor for conversion of hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur

A fixed-film continuous-flow photobioreactor was used for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from synthetic industrial wastewater and conversion of it to elemental sulfur using sixteen 150 mm length Tygon tubes as the active part of the reactor. Three different tube sizes (internal diameters (ID) 6.4, 3.2, and 1.6mm) were used to investigate the effect of tube size on reactor performance. The reactor with 1.6mm tube attained a higher sulfide loading (1451 mg/Lh) than previously reported in the literature. High bacterial concentration, light to volume ratio and intimate contact between attached bacteria and influent sulfide resulted in excellent performance of the 1.6mm tube reactor.     

The contribution of biotic and abiotic processes during azo dye reduction in anaerobic sludge

Azo dye reduction results from a combination of biotic and abiotic processes during the anaerobic treatment of dye containing effluents. Biotic processes are due to enzymatic reactions whereas the chemical reaction is due to sulfide. In this research, the relative impact of the different azo dye reduction mechanisms was determined by investigating the reduction of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) and Reactive Red 2 (RR2) under different conditions. Reduction rates of two azo dyes were compared in batch assays over a range of sulphide concentrations in the presence of living or inactivated anaerobic granular sludge. Biological dye reduction followed zero order kinetics and chemical dye reduction followed second-order rate kinetics as a function of sulfide and dye concentration. Chemical reduction of the dyes was greatly stimulated in the presence of autoclaved sludge: whereas chemical dye reduction was not affected by living or gamma-irradiated-sludge. Presumably redox-mediating enzyme cofactors released by cell lysis contributed to the stimulatory effect. This hypothesis was confirmed in assays evaluating the chemical reduction of AO7 utilizing riboflavin, representative of the heat stable redox-mediating moieties of common occurring flavin enzyme cofactors. Sulfate influenced dye reduction in accordance to biogenic sulfide formation from sulfate reduction. In assays lacking sulfur compounds, dye reduction only readily occurred in the presence of living granular sludge, demonstrating the importance of enzymatic mechanisms. Both chemical and biological mechanisms of dye reduction were greatly stimulated by the addition of the redox-mediating compound, anthraquinone-disulfonate. Based on an analysis of the kinetics and demonstration in lab-scale upward-flow anaerobic sludge bed reactors, the relative importance of chemical dye reduction mechanisms in high rate anaerobic bioreactors was shown to be small due to the high biomass levels in the reactors.     

Electrochemical sulfide oxidation from domestic wastewater using mixed metal-coated titanium electrodes

Hydrogen sulfide generation is a major issue in sewer management. A novel method based on electrochemical sulfide oxidation was recently shown to be highly effective for sulfide removal from synthetic and real sewage. Here, we compare the performance of five different mixed metal oxide (MMO) coated titanium electrode materials for the electrochemical removal of sulfide from domestic wastewater. All electrode materials performed similarly in terms of sulfide removal, removing 78 ± 5%, 77 ± 1%, 85 ± 4%, 84 ± 1%, and 83 ± 2% at a current density of 10 mA/cm² using Ta/Ir, Ru/Ir, Pt/Ir, SnO₂ and PbO₂, respectively. Elevated chloride concentrations, often observed in coastal areas, did not entail any significant difference in performance. Independent of the electrode material used, sulfide oxidation by in situ generated oxygen was the predominant reaction mechanism. Passivation of the electrode surface by deposition of elemental sulfur did not occur. However, scaling was observed in the cathode compartment. This study shows that all the MMO coated titanium electrode materials studied are suitable anodic materials for sulfide removal from wastewater. Ta/Ir and Pt/Ir coated titanium electrodes seem the most suitable electrodes since they possess the lowest overpotential for oxygen evolution, are stable at low chloride concentration and are already used in full scale applications.     

Sulfide-iron interactions in domestic wastewater from a gravity sewer

Interactions between iron and sulfide in domestic wastewater from a gravity sewer were investigated with particular emphasis on redox cycling of iron and iron sulfide formation. The concentration ranges of iron and total sulfide in the experiments were 0.4-5.4mgFeL(-1) and 0-5.1mgSL(-1), respectively. During anaerobic conditions, iron reduction kinetics were investigated and reduction rates amounted on average to 1.32mgFeL(-1)d(-1). Despite the very low solubility of iron sulfide, the reduced iron reacted only partly with sulfide to produce iron sulfide, even when dissolved sulfide was in excess. When a ferric chloride solution was added to sulfide containing anaerobic wastewater, the ferric iron was quickly reduced to ferrous forms by oxidation of dissolved sulfide and the ferrous iron precipitated almost completely as iron sulfide. During aerobic conditions, iron sulfide was oxidized with a half-life period of 11.7h. The oxidation rate of iron sulfide was significantly lower than that reported for the oxidation of dissolved sulfide.