Presentation attack detection based on two-stream vision transformers with self-attention fusion

Aiming at the performance degradation of the existing presentation attack detection methods due to the illumination variation, a two-stream vision transformers framework (TSViT) based on transfer learning in two complementary spaces is proposed in this paper. The face images of RGB color space and multi-scale retinex with color restoration (MSRCR) space are fed to TSViT to learn the distinguishing features of presentation attack detection. To effectively fuse features from two sources (RGB color space images and MSRCR images), a feature fusion method based on self-attention is built, which can effectively capture the complementarity of two features. Experiments and analysis on Oulu-NPU, CASIA-MFSD, and Replay-Attack databases show that it outperforms most existing methods in intra-database testing and achieves good generalization performance in cross-database testing.     

A customized low-rank prior model for structured cartoon–texture image decomposition

The mathematical characterization of the texture component plays an instrumental role in image decomposition. In this paper, we are concerned with a low-rank texture prior based cartoon–texture image decomposition model, which utilizes a total variation norm and a global nuclear norm to characterize the cartoon and texture components, respectively. It is promising that our decomposition model is not only extremely simple, but also works perfectly for globally well-patterned images in the sense that the model can recover cleaner texture (or details) than the other novel models. Moreover, such a model can be easily reformulated as a separable convex optimization problem, thereby enjoying a splitting nature so that we can employ a partially parallel splitting method (PPSM) to solve it efficiently. A series of numerical experiments on image restoration demonstrate that PPSM can recover slightly higher quality images than some existing algorithms in terms of taking less iterations or computing time in many cases.     

烟台市矿山地质环境概述

烟台市地处山东半岛东部，南、北濒临黄海、渤海，西与潍坊市、青岛市接壤，东与威海市毗邻；烟威高速、青威高速、沈海高速、荣乌高速、烟海高速形成连接各地的高速公路网络；蓝烟铁路、烟大铁路轮渡和青烟威荣城际铁路贯通南北；港口有烟台港、莱州港、龙口港、蓬莱港、牟平港、海阳港等；烟台蓬莱国际机场已开通多条国内、国际航线，构筑了调查区比较发达的陆、海、空交通枢纽。本文通过对烟台市矿山地质环境进行资料收集和研究概述，阐明烟台市矿山地质环境现状，为本地区矿山地质环境恢复和综合治理规划，实施矿山地质环境治理恢复工作提供基础依据。     

基于机器学习识别与标记分水岭分割的盲道图像定位

视觉导盲仪是一种旨在解决盲人出行困难的导盲设备，为了实现视觉导盲仪诱导盲人找到盲道并沿盲道行走，提出了一种基于机器学习识别与标记分水岭分割的盲道图像定位算法，通过离线训练与在线的识别、分割来定位盲道区域。首先对盲道图像进行视角变换的预处理，根据盲道的地面方程将变化的倾斜视角转换为固定的俯视视角，消除射影变换带来的失真；然后利用局部二进制模式描述子提取鸟瞰图的纹理特征，以自适应增强学习算法离线训练盲道识别分类器；进而利用分类器对鸟瞰图像进行在线识别，粗略确定盲道区域；最后将识别结果进行形态学处理后作为标记，利用标记分水岭算法得到精确分割的盲道区域并定位盲道中心线。在研制的视觉导盲仪上进行验证，结果表明盲道定位准确率达到了95.44%，速度平均每秒8帧，具有高准确率的同时达到实时性要求，为盲道的准确三维定位提供了必要条件。     

Effect of Different Restorative Materials on Microleakage of Ozone Gas and Traditional Cavity Disinfectant Applied Teeth

The aim of this in vitro study is to investigate the effects of ozone and conventional cavity disinfectant on microleakage at the cavities which are restorated with different restorative materials. Ninety human molar teeth were used in this study. Black V cavities are prepared on buccal surfaces of teeth. Teeth are divided to 3 groups which contains 30 teeth. Group 1: ozone applied; Group 2: 2% chlorhexidine applied; Group 3: any disinfectant is not applied. And then all groups are divided to three subgroups. All subgroups are restored with silorane, ormocer, and traditional composite according to the manufacturer’s directions. Sections were examined under a microscope. Occlusal and gingival microleakage values by a separate researcher and scores were recorded. Statistically results were reviewed with ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis Tests. Statistically significant difference of microleakage between cavity disinfectant and control groups’ occlusal and gingival lines was not found (p > 0.05). There was no differences at occlusal lines of composite subgroups (p > 0.05) but also significant difference at gingival lines was found (p < 0.05). Statistically significant difference was found among the composite materials, between chlorhexidine and control groups’ gingival lines. The most successful results at gingival lines were found with silorane.     

酸性尾矿废弃地生态修复技术进展

酸性尾矿废弃地废石含有硫化物，在雨水的淋溶作用下会产出硫酸，加剧废弃地的酸化，增加企业环保成本，而生态修复工作就是从源头上控制废弃地的酸化。根据尾矿废弃地酸化机理，结合国内外最新研究进展，分析了生态修复技术现状；概述了隔离覆盖、改良剂改良、植物修复、微生物法等多种处理方法在实践中的适应性及优缺点，并分别介绍了隔离覆盖-植物修复技术、原位改良-植物修复技术在Reden煤矿、永平铜矿的成功应用案例。针对酸性尾矿废弃地的特点，单一处理方法具有较大的局限性，需要采用联合工艺进行治理，隔离覆盖-植物修复技术、原位改良-植物修复技术因见效快、效果好、操作简单，势必成为将来研究的主要方向。     

矿山地质环境及治理恢复现状的调查与评价——以任楼矿区为例

为了全面做好矿山地质环境保护和恢复治理工作，文章首先论述了矿山地质环境及治理恢复现状的调查内容与方法，并以任楼煤矿为研究对象，在对矿山关键地质环境要素详查的基础上，综合分析了任楼矿区矿山地质环境的现状特征和被破坏情况，并对矿山地质环境质量进行综合评价，最后提出矿山地质环境保护与恢复治理的对策建议，旨在使矿山开采与恢复治理工作协同开展，为推进矿山地质环境保护和恢复治理工作提供参考。      

Application of fuzzy image restoration in criminal investigation

The advancement of science and technology has a positive effect on the development of law disciplines. The development of algorithms and artificial intelligence also has a certain impact on judicial practice. Image restoration is a significant technique in image processing. It aims to objectively restore the content or quality of the original image from the degraded image. Image degradation is always generated in image transmission, such as distortion, blur. In modern video surveillance system, image restoration is significant for criminal investigation. However, image restoration based on conventional filter algorithms cannot achieve satisfactory performance. Thus, we first introduce the image restoration algorithms based on different degradation model. Then, we propose some applications of fuzzy image restoration in criminal investigation. We conduct experiments on both degraded images and videos and experimental results have shown the effectiveness of fuzzy image restoration applying to the criminal investigation.     

自适应融合层级特征的混合退化图像复原算法

多种退化类型混合的图像比单一类型的退化图像降质更严重,很难建立精确模型对其复原,研究端到端的神经网络算法是复原的关键.现有的基于操作选择注意力网络的算法(operation-wiseattentionnetwork,OWAN)虽然有一定的性能提升,但是其网络过于复杂,运行较慢,复原图像缺乏高频细节,整体效果也有提升的空间.针对这些问题,提出一种基于层级特征融合的自适应复原算法.该算法直接融合不同感受野分支的特征,增强复原图像的结构;用注意力机制对不同层级的特征进行动态融合,增加模型的自适应性,降低了模型冗余;另外,结合L1损失和感知损失,增强了复原图像的视觉感知效果.在DIV2K,BSD500等数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法无论是在峰值信噪比和结构相似性上的定量分析,还是在主观视觉质量方面,均优于OWAN算法,充分证明了该算法的有效性.     

《山海经》佩饰的复原分析

《山海经》虽被不少人视为一部记录虚构故事的奇书,但其中的佩饰描写具有一定的写实性。基于神话《山海经》中关于中国古人佩饰的描写,结合文献记载和考古实物,对《山海经》中的佩饰进行复原分析。研究认为:在头饰方面,玉胜之原型是织机上的卷经轴;角饰“觡”源于鹿图腾,且必须与面具相组合,才能显露萨满的神秘感;冠不具有实用功能,但具有鲜明的政治性,其原型应具有商、周时期冠的特征;瞂饰是头盔,其造型体现了天圆地方的观念和鸟崇拜的痕迹。在耳饰方面,古人认为金环耳饰乃鬼之神所戴,具有辟邪之功能。在腰饰方面,玉璜是贵族佩带之物,其纹样体现求仙之气;剑为男子所佩之物,佩剑的社会风尚是自上而下形成的。