Anthropometric contribution to standardising manikins for artificial-head microphones and to measuring headphones and ear protectors

True-to-size head—torso manikins are required for research in the field of artificial-head stereophony as well as for testing and measuring headphones, soundproof helmets, ear protectors and other headgear. Attempts to design a manikin according to the available anthropometric data available proved to be difficult. By testing 77 men with technical jobs, 15 new quantities have been measured, some of them for comparison and some to complete existing measurements. The tests showed that it is absolutely essential to differentiate manikins of the desired qualities from an ethnic point of view. Manikins of different model dimensions should not be standardised according to percentiles but should represent typical head shapes. To this end, thorough measurements have to be made.     

耳罩式耳机异常共振分析

在对2款耳罩式耳机进行频响曲线测试时,发现这2款耳机在频响曲线的低频和中频共同存在2处异常共振.针对这2处异常共振,通过测试、对比耳机在不同条件下的频响曲线和对耳机进行理论分析、线路图仿真,得出和验证了这2处异常共振分别由皮套与耳机结构体的振动和后腔壁的板共振引起,并给出了抑制共振的方法.     

TRIZ原理对耳机的创意性减震改造设计

以耳机在现实生活中的信息传播、交流为启示,分析了电子时代耳机的功能、造型、色彩、包装等方面的信息,并结合日常生活中的各种事物、生活形态的性质,论述了耳机在现实生活中的广泛应用,进而分析了耳机的因素给人类带来的利弊。在此基础上,提出了TRIZ理论创新对耳机的创意性减震改造设计;以及运用TRIZ中分离和抛弃与修复原理创造出对人体少危害或无危害的新式耳机,从而促进人类的健康发展。