农村综合能源系统多层协同优化运行方法

农村综合能源系统通过多种能源的协同互补,在满足农村用户多元化用能需求的同时,能有效提升能源利用效率和用能经济性。首先,在考虑适应农村典型场景的基础上,提出了一种三层协同自律的农村综合能源分层协同运行优化框架。然后,基于农村综合能源系统典型设备,建立了三层农村综合能源系统源-储-荷联合优化调度模型以及相应的优化调度流程。调度模型中冬季通过对沼气发电机组的余热回收与空气源热泵协同对用户供热;夏季对沼气发电机组余热进行回收,并通过溴化锂制冷机与空气源热泵联合对农村用户供冷。最后,对农村综合能源系统多层协同优化方法进行了算例分析,结果表明该优化方法提高了农村居民用能的经济性,验证了所提方法的有效性。     

激光在线测厚振动分析与精度优化

激光测厚具有安全可靠、测量精度高、测量范围大等优点,广泛应用于纸张、电池极片等薄膜类材料厚度的在线测量。带材宽幅方向扫描测厚时由于扫描架往复运动会产生机械振动,影响在线测厚精度。针对该问题,以锂离子电池极片厚度测量为例,使用双激光差动式测厚平台对电池极片和铜箔分别进行厚度测量,然后对测厚数据进行频谱分析,探究其振动规律的相似性,并基于频谱分析结果采用滑动带阻滤波方式对测厚数据进行处理,滤波后极片和铜箔的厚度极差分别降低了33.4%和73.8%,有效过滤了机械振动导致的测量误差,可满足极片和铜箔厚度测量的精度要求。     

Polynomial filtering for nonlinear stochastic systems with state‐ and disturbance‐dependent noises

This article is concerned with the polynomial filtering problem for a class of nonlinear stochastic systems governed by the Itô differential equation. The system under investigation involves polynomial nonlinearities, unknown‐but‐bounded disturbances, and state‐ and disturbance‐dependent noises ((x,d)‐dependent noises for short). By expanding the polynomial nonlinear functions in Taylor series around the state estimate, a new polynomial filter design method is developed with hope to reduce the conservatism of the existing results. In virtue of stochastic analysis and inequality technique, sufficient conditions in terms of parameter‐dependent linear matrix inequalities (PDLMIs) are derived to guarantee that the estimation error system is input‐to‐state stable in probability. Moreover, the desired polynomial matrix can be obtained by solving the PDLMIs via the sum‐of‐squares approach. The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method are illustrated by two numerical examples with one concerning the permanent magnet synchronous motor.     

Learning Association Rules and Tracking the Changing Concepts on Webpages: An Effective Pornographic Websites Filtering Approach

We applied the decision tree algorithm to learn association rules between webpage’s category (pornographic or normal) and the critical features. Based on these rules, we proposed an efficient method of filtering pornographic webpages with the following major advantages: 1) a weighted window-based technique was proposed to estimate for the condition of concept drift for the keywords found recently in pornographic webpages; 2) checking only contexts of webpages without scanning pictures; 3) an incremental learning mechanism was designed to incrementally update the pornographic keyword database.     

相似系数阈值滤波的数据驱动控制束偏移

高斯束偏移不仅具有接近波动方程偏移的精度，而且具有Kirchhoff偏移灵活、高效的特点。然而当实际地震采集数据中含有较强噪声时，易产生偏移假象而影响成像质量。为此，在传统高斯束偏移的基础上，根据有效信号和干扰信号在τ-p域中的相干性差异，发展了一种基于相似系数阈值滤波的数据驱动控制束偏移方法。采用数据驱动策略，在高斯束偏移成像过程中，先计算τ-p道集的相似系数，再通过设定相似系数阈值控制干扰信号，从而降低偏移剖面中的随机噪声；控制束偏移可以直接提取角度域共成像点道集，无需复杂的角度映射变换且具有更高信噪比。模型测试及实际资料处理结果表明：对于低信噪比数据，控制束偏移剖面的信噪比明显高于常规高斯束偏移，但会损失相对振幅的可靠性；尽管控制束偏移在τ-p道集的滤波过程增加了一定的计算量，但总体与常规高斯束偏移方法的计算效率相当；相似系数阈值参数选取十分关键，阈值较小时偏移噪声较强，但过大阈值也可能压制部分有效信息或产生偏移假象，选取合适的阈值参数才能得到较理想的偏移剖面。     

基于协同优化算法的流速仪检定系统设计

提出了一种小型轻便的流速仪检定系统的设计方案,并运用改进的多学科协同优化方法求解各学科设计变量的最优解。首先介绍了算法思想及改进措施,并根据系统设计要求建立了各学科的设计变量、目标函数和约束条件；其次,运用遗传算法求解各学科设计变量的最优解,并根据优化结果完善了系统的设计方案,同时运用计算机仿真等方法验证了优化结果的可行性。结果表明,优化后的检定系统满足流体力学效应、匀速运动时间、系统重量等设计要求,同时证明了协同优化算法解决多学科设计优化问题的有效性。     

New version of continuous–discrete cubature Kalman filtering for nonlinear continuous–discrete systems

For nonlinear continuous–discrete systems, this paper elaborates a new accurate implementation of continuous–discrete cubature Kalman filter (CD-CKF). As the main contribution of this work, the new Kalman prediction stage begins by integrating the nonlinear continuous model for all the cubature sample vectors; the prior estimate state and covariance prediction are based on the weighted statistics of these integrated cubature sample vectors and the Gauss–Legendre approximation scheme. The new square root form CD-CKF is also derived and accurately implemented by combining with the modified variable stepsize NIRK. As the advantages of proposed approach, the complicated and error-prone processes of solving covariance differential equation or calculating derivatives are avoided, while the positive semi-definiteness of prior error covariance are numerically guaranteed. Simulations of traffic control scenarios further confirm the new approach’s superior filtering performance in both reliability and accuracy.     

基于XML的信息物理融合系统组件建模与仿真

信息物理融合系统（CPS）涉及多种计算模型的集成和协同工作，针对CPS设计方法不统一、重塑性差、复杂度高、难以协同建模验证等问题，提出一种结构化、可描述行为的异元组件模型。首先，用统一组件建模方法进行建模，解决模型不开放问题；然后，用可扩展标记语言（XML）规范描述各类组件，解决不同计算模型描述语言不一致和不可扩展问题；最后，用多级开放组件模型的协同仿真验证方式进行仿真验证，解决验证的不可协同问题。通过通用组件建模方法、XML组件规范描述语言以及验证工具平台XModel对医用恒温箱进行了建模、描述和仿真。医用恒温箱的案例表明，这种模型驱动建立可重塑异元组件并确认其设计正确性的过程，支持信息物理协同设计和边构建边纠正，可避免在系统实现过程中发现问题时再进行反复修改。     

Comparison of joint angle,velocity and acceleration estimators for hydraulically actuated manipulators to a novel dynamical approach

Excavators are used for a wide range of applications like earthworks and material handling. Assistance systems are becoming more common to support the operator. For monitoring and control based assistance functions the angular position, velocity and acceleration of the joints from the working implement are required. Commercial systems often use inertial measurement units, consisting of triaxial accelerometers and gyroscopes, to accomplish an estimation of those states. A novel joint angle, velocity and acceleration estimation for hydraulic manipulators is proposed and compared to state of the art methods. A decentralized kinematic filter using no information about the underlying system and a centralized kinematic filter taking the system kinematics into account are implemented as state of the art approaches. Both filters only use inertial measurement units to obtain information about the current state of the system. The novel centralized dynamic filter uses the same information as the centralized kinematic filter and extends it by a dynamic model containing additional information about the angular acceleration due to pressure readings of the hydraulic cylinders. Kalman filtering is used to combine the derived system and measurement models with the sensor information. The methods are evaluated on a material handling excavator for single and coupled movements of the working implement. The novel centralized dynamic filter enables improvements for the angular acceleration estimation compared to the decentralized and centralized kinematic filter. Less noise of the acceleration estimation and a better tracking of the actual acceleration are shown.     

海上钻井平台井喷液柱高度的图像识别测量方法

油气井钻井作业井喷事故一旦发生,在抢险人员不能直接靠近井口读取井口压力参数的情况下,制订压井抢险方案的关键是准确测量和判定井喷液柱的高度。为此,基于OpenCV计算机视觉库的图像处理技术建立了井喷液柱高度的测量方法,包括:①在救援船上使用CCD相机对井喷液柱拍摄进行连续瞬态成像,每次对井喷液柱进行拍摄时应分别旋转120°拍摄3张照片;②对图像经过直方图均衡化、高频强调滤波预处理,再经过改进的Otsu算法进行二值化处理,分割出井喷液柱的轮廓;③利用数学形态学运算处理二值图像中的边界点与孔洞,采用参照物法计算出井喷液柱的实际高度。室内模拟实验的结果表明:①该方法对井喷液柱识别的准确率较高,误差约为6%,能够较为精确地获取井喷液柱高度;②实验过程中,处理一幅图像平均耗时0.86 s,可以满足事故发生后对井喷液柱的实时识别与测量要求。结论认为,该方法应用于对井喷液柱高度的测量是可行的,利用其对井喷图像进行程序化处理,可以在海上钻井平台井喷失控后实时连续测量井喷液柱高度,第一时间获取与井喷相关的关键参数,为压井抢险方案的制订提供依据。