Development and validation of a crisis self‐efficacy index

This study develops a crisis self‐efficacy index to provide a tool for crisis communication researchers and practitioners to understand behavioural aspects of crisis response better. Evaluations of public's crisis self‐efficacy using this index inform strategic message development to protect the public and minimize crisis damages by identifying the public/s most in need of self‐efficacy enhancing interventions. The index also provides practitioners a useful longitudinal index to evaluate progress in crisis preparedness programs and track changes in efficacy. A four‐stage survey index development process using structural equation modelling identifies four underlying constructs of crisis self‐efficacy: action, preventive, achievement and uncertainty management.     

Salience of public leaders’ “meaning making” in news coverage of a health crisis

Meaning making by leadership in a crisis is required to reduce uncertainty. We used analytic criteria for meaning making suggested by crisis management literature to investigate public leaders’ quotations in news coverage of a health crisis. The quotations were examined in terms of the five frame functions, which include offering a credible explanation of what happened, offering guidance, instilling hope, showing empathy, and suggesting that leaders are in control. The Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak in South Korea was examined. As a result, the most salient frame function identified was displaying they are in control of the emergency, followed by offering guidance and explaining what happened. The salience of leaders’ meaning making disappeared in coverage by a liberal newspaper.     

Water crisis through the analytic of urban transformation: an analysis of Bangalore’s hydrosocial regimes

ABSTRACT

This paper explores intensified water crisis in Bangalore (or Bengaluru) in India by using the analytic of three hydrosocial regimes: the catchment-based regime, the hydraulic regime and the speculative urban regime. It uses a wide range of qualitative interviews, scientific reports and secondary sources to analyze shifting urban trajectories, agrarian relations and their interlinkages with water. Historical ruptures (in the realm of governance, urban growth and changing urban–rural dynamics) allow one to highlight the complex role of speculative logics that shape urban expansion and water scarcity.     

‘Breaking’ news: uncovering sense-breaking patterns in social media crisis communication during the 2017 Manchester bombing

ABSTRACT

Individuals, (media-) organisations, and crisis responders who are involved in ad hoc crisis communication steadily deploy social media to contribute to collective sense-making as an endeavour to create meaning in highly uncertain situations. Exerting sense-giving in order to shape others’ conceptions is causally preceded by an initial breakup of existing understanding. This study aims to explore patterns of sense-breaking in social media crisis communication and its impact on collective sense-making and sense-giving. To this end, we conducted a case study of the Manchester bombing in 2017, including a social network analysis of 708,147 Twitter postings and a content analysis of 2006 original tweets. We found individual role types to be initiators of sense-breaking in early crisis stages when uncertainty is at its height. Exerting successive sense-giving becomes more challenging if the collective sense-making has progressed along with the sequence of events. This understanding aims to encourage emergency management organisations to move their sense-giving actions closer to the point in time when sense-breaking occurs.     

Innovations and productivity: the shift during the 2008 crisis

This paper investigates how the recent crisis of 2008 changed relations between innovation and firm performance in Western Europe. We apply a structural framework of CDM modelling, which incorporates different stages of the knowledge creation process and takes into account the complex nature of innovations. The study is based on a balanced panel data of 420 listed manufacturing firms from the U.K., Germany and France. All the information is gathered from common sources, thereby reducing subjectivity, a typical problem in the field. We found, the crisis resulted in appreciable changes in the model. The most important evidence is enhancement of the role of firm resources in the post-recession period. We also reveal larger barriers for innovations, increased uncertainty and lower state dependence in R&D engagement, product creation and economic performance. These results could indicate the ‘cleaning effect’ of the crisis, which has worsened the business environment and enhanced competition.     

资源危机型矿山的研究现状、问题与对策

随着矿产资源形势的日趋严峻 ,资源危机型矿山问题正在成为当前国内研究的热门话题 ,本文通过对其研究现状的分析 ,不仅明确地提出了资源危机型矿山研究的主要存在问题 ,而且还对症下药地提出了三项主要的对策建议。     

漓渚铁矿深部找矿的设想及实践

漓渚铁矿利用历年积累的地质资料，开展成矿规律的深度研究，对该矿床深部、近外围找矿进行了探讨和预测，并通过适量探矿工程验证，取得了一定成效，为该矿下一步找矿工作指明了方向。对其它资源不足，需寻找接替资源的类似矿山具有借鉴作用。     

危机矿山问题的对策研究

危机矿山问题 ,是一个涉及矿产资源勘查与开发政策、矿业发展战略、国家资源安全和社会经济可持续发展的重要问题。本研究提出“实施资源接替勘查工程 ,加大矿业治理整顿力度 ,加大科技攻关力度”的三项建议 ;认为开展资源、矿业、矿山开发程度与发展潜力的调查与评价 ;编制我国资源矿产总体规划 ;通过国家适当政策扶持 ,发展科学发展观指导下的矿产资源的开发利用机制 ,是解决危机矿山问题最基本的工作基础和前提     

危机矿山的综合信息矿产预测系统

综合信息矿产预测系统是一个可用于大比例尺矿产靶区定量预测的智能化地理信息系统,因而应用在危机矿山上更有实效。其程序是以地质体和矿产资源体为单元,建立矿山三维空间的控矿因素信息库,划分成矿异常单元,进行成矿单元信息变量的综合研究,实现最佳矿床(体)靶区的优选。