A novel fusion paradigm for multi-channel image denoising

Multi-channel and single-channel image denoising are on two important development fronts. Integrating multi-channel and single-channel image denoisers for further improvement is a valuable research direction. A natural assumption is that using more useful information is helpful to the output results. In this paper, a novel multi-channel and single-channel fusion paradigm (MSF) is proposed. The proposed MSF works by fusing the estimates of a multi-channel image denoiser and a single-channel image denoiser. The performance of recent multi-channel image denoising methods involved in the proposed MSF can be further improved at low additional time-consuming cost. Specifically, the validity principle of the proposed MSF is that the fused single-channel image denoiser can produce auxiliary estimate for the involved multi-channel image denoiser in a designed underdetermined transform domain. Based on the underdetermined transformation, we create a corresponding orthogonal transformation for fusion and better restore the multi-channel images. The quantitative and visual comparison results demonstrate that the proposed MSF can be effectively applied to several state-of-the-art multi-channel image denoising methods.     

基于局部放电法的矿用高压电缆信号去噪算法研究

干扰噪声直接影响局部放电法有效检测矿用高压电缆故障。基于局部放电法，综合采用理论计算、仿真实验、现场试验的方法，对比分析了短时傅里叶变换和傅里叶分析去噪法的原理和优缺点，提出了一种矿用高压电缆的局部放电去噪算法——小波阈值去噪法，同时，选择了合理的阈值函数和去噪流程。基于此，采用白噪声和连续周期信号作为高压电缆的干扰噪声，进行了模拟仿真实验。结果表明，小波阈值去噪法可有效抑制白噪声，其中，Db2小波性能和去噪效果最好；同时，现场试验结果显示，去噪后信噪比得到了显著增加，验证了小波阈值去噪法的合理性和可靠性。     

数据驱动的机床等待过程节能方法研究

为了降低机床等待过程中的能耗，提出了一种实时数据驱动的机床等待时间预测与节能控制方法。首先，建立了射频识别驱动的生产进度评估方法，并以生产进度数据作为输入，构建了基于堆栈降噪自编码的机床等待时间预测模型；其次，依据预测的机床等待时间，提出了机床状态切换方法，以降低机床能耗；最后，通过一个电梯零部件制造车间的案例分析，表明该方法的预测误差仅为4.1%，同时将机床等待过程能耗降低了57%，实现了制造车间的节能减排。     

Content adaptive video denoising based on human visual perception

In this paper, we propose content adaptive denoising in highly corrupted videos based on human visual perception. We introduce the human visual perception in video denoising to achieve good performance. In general, smooth regions corrupted by noise are much more annoying to human observers than complex regions. Moreover, human eyes are more interested in complex regions with image details and more sensitive to luminance than chrominance. Based on the human visual perception, we perform perceptual video denoising to effectively preserve image details and remove annoying noise. To successfully remove noise and recover the image details, we extend nonlocal mean filtering to the spatiotemporal domain. With the guidance of content adaptive segmentation and motion detection, we conduct content adaptive filtering in the YUV color space to consider context in images and obtain perceptually pleasant results. Extensive experiments on various video sequences demonstrate that the proposed method reconstructs natural-looking results even in highly corrupted images and achieves good performance in terms of both visual quality and quantitative measures.     

叠前随机噪声深度残差网络压制方法

深度残差网络作为一种先进的深度学习算法，近年来得到学术界和工业界的高度关注。针对叠前地震记录中随机噪声的智能高效压制问题，首先根据深度残差网络原理设计了一种深层非线性去噪网络，然后利用构建的高质量随机噪声训练集对该网络进行训练，在高维空间实现对随机噪声特征的自动学习，从而拟合出含噪声地震记录与随机噪声之间的非线性映射关系，实现随机噪声自动压制。模型数据测试和实际资料应用均证明了文中方法的有效性。尽管其去噪能力与标签数据获取方法相当，但去噪效率及适应能力明显优于标签数据获取方法，为应对TB级叠前地震数据的去噪问题提供了一种可借鉴的思路。     

地面微地震有源噪声自动识别与匹配压制方法

微地震监测技术通过对非常规储层压裂改造引发的震源点进行成像，实时提供压裂施工过程中产生的裂隙高度、长度、宽度和方位角等信息，为致密储层压裂提供指导，以提高油气采收率。在地面布设站点进行监测时，因微地震信号传播距离较远、近地表吸收衰减严重、地面有源噪声较多，微地震数据具有信号能量弱、噪声干扰强和信噪比低等特点，严重制约微地震事件的定位精度。噪声源多分布于地表，根据有源噪声与由储层向上传播的微地震事件在能量、频率、传播速度和源位置等方面的差异，本文提出微地震有源噪声自动识别与匹配方法。综合长短时窗能量比与微地震量板方法，自动识别有源噪声干扰，并进行噪声源位置和传播速度的三维最优并行搜索；利用同时确定的最优噪声源位置和传播速度对微地震数据进行动校正处理，得到噪声标准道，通过能量自适应匹配处理压制有源噪声。正演模拟数据和实际微地震数据去噪效果证明，本文方法能有效压制有源噪声，显著提高微地震数据品质，为后续微地震事件精确定位奠定了基础。     

Proposed network structures and combined adaptive algorithms for electrocardiogram signal denoising

An electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is a record of the electrical activities of heart muscle and is used clinically to diagnose heart diseases. An ECG signal should be presented as clear as possible to support accurate decisions made by doctors. This article proposes different combinations of combined adaptive algorithms to derive different noise-cancelling structures to remove (denoise) different kinds of noise from ECG signals. The algorithms are applied to the following types of noise: power line interference, baseline wander, electrode motion artifact, and muscle artifacts. Moreover, the results of the suggested models and algorithms are compared with those of conventional denoising tools such as the discrete wavelet transform, an adaptive filter, and a multilayer neural network (NN) to ensure the superiority of the proposed combined structures and algorithms. Furthermore, the hybrid concept is based on dual, triple, and quadruple combinations of well-known algorithms that derive adaptive filters, such as the least mean squares, normalized least mean squares and recursive least squares algorithms. The combinations are formulated based on partial update, variable step-size (VSS), and second iterative VSS algorithms, which are considered in different combinations. In addition, biased NN and unbiased linear neural network (ULNN) structures are considered. The performance of the different structures and related algorithms are evaluated by measuring the post-signal-to-noise ratio, mean square error, and percentage root mean square difference.     

Adaptive investigation of the optical properties of polymer fibers from mixing noisy phase shifting microinterferograms using deep learning algorithms

In this article, an adaptive denoising method is suggested to accurate investigate the optical and structural features of polymeric fibers from noisy phase shifting microinterferograms. The mixed class of noise that may produce in the phase-shifting interferometric techniques is established. To our knowledge, this is an early study considered the mixing noises that may occur in microinterferograms. The suggested method utilized the convolution neural networks to detect the noise class and then denoising, it according to its class. Four convolution neural networks (Googlenet, VGG-19, Alexnet, and Alexnet–SVM) are refined to perform the automatic classification process for the noise class in the established data set. The network with the highest validation and testing accuracy of these networks is considered to apply the suggested method on realistic noisy microinterferograms for polymeric fibers, polypropylene and antimicrobial polyethylene terephthalate)/titanium dioxide, recoded using interference microscope. Also, the suggested method is applied on noisy microinterferograms include crazing and nanocomposite material. The demodulated phase maps and the three-dimensional birefringence profiles are calculated for tested fibers according to the suggested method. The obtained results are compared with the published data for these fibers and found to be in good agreements.     

基于WTD-AR谱和MEA-BPNN的轴承故障诊断方法

针对滚动轴承故障诊断模型在噪声干扰下鲁棒性能差的问题,提出一种基于小波阈值去噪（WTD）、AR谱和思维进化算法（MEA）优化反向传播神经网络（BPNN）的轴承故障诊断方法。以原始振动信号为输入,采用小波方法分解重构原始信号滤除高频噪声,然后采用Burg算法估计AR模型参数提取降噪信号功率谱特征,最后将特征向量与对应标签分别作为MEA-BPNN神经网络的输入、输出进行训练,最终实现诊断。将该方法与一些先进的人工神经网络诊断方法作比较,测试该诊断模型的性能。研究结果表明：WTD-AR谱-MEA-BPNN诊断模型能够有效降低轴承振动信号的噪声干扰,实现特征增强,分辨率更高;相较于传统神经网络训练速度更快,在更短时间内甄别故障类型且识别率高。     

自适应非局部3维全变分彩色图像去噪

目的 许多彩色图像去噪算法未充分利用图像局部和非局部的相似性信息,并且忽略了真实噪声在彩色图像不同区域内分布的差异,对不同图像块和不同颜色通道都进行同等处理,导致去噪图像中同时出现过平滑和欠平滑现象。针对这些问题,本文提出一种自适应非局部3维全变分去噪算法。方法 利用一个非局部3维全变分正则项获取彩色图像块内和块间的相似性信息,同时在优化模型的保真项内嵌入一个自适应权重矩阵,该权重矩阵可以根据每次迭代得到的中间去噪结果的剩余噪声来调整算法在每个图像块、每个颜色分量以及每次迭代中的去噪强度。结果 通过不同的高斯噪声添加方式得到两个彩色噪声图像数据集。将本文算法与其他6个基于全变分的算法进行比较,采用峰值信噪比(peak signal-to-noise ratio,PSNR)和结构相似性(structural similarity, SSIM)作为客观评价指标。相比于对比算法,本文算法在两个噪声图像数据集上的平均PSNR和SSIM分别提高了0.161.76 dB和0.12%6.13%,并获得了更好的图像视觉效果。结论 本文去噪算法不仅更好地兼顾了去噪与保边功能,而且提升了稳定性和鲁棒性,显示了在实际图像去噪中的应用潜力。