高视放大率军用瞄准目镜的设计

为了满足现代军事对于瞄准镜的需求,设计了一种高视放大率军用瞄准目镜,分析了大倍率目镜的像差特性和设计难点,选择使用正-正-负的结构形式。在Code V软件中进行了仿真和优化,最终设计的系统视放大率为16×,焦距为15.62 mm,出瞳直径为6 mm,出瞳距离为25 mm,靶面尺寸为1/3″,系统总长40.4 mm。结果表明,系统在40 lp/mm处的MTF均达到0.2以上,全视场内的畸变小于5%,满足目镜光学系统像质要求。     

快速陀螺定向新方法——对称刻线记时法

本文提出一种在陀螺目镜分划板的对称刻线上记时来确定陀螺北方向的快速定向方法。现场测试结果表明,通过一个周期的观测,该方法可以达到与逆转点法及其它几种记时定向方法相当的精度。     

头盔显示器光学检测系统

为了对头盔显示器的目视系统做出整体性的评价,提出了一种简单可行的头盔显示器检测方法,设计了用于检测的光学系统。根据头盔显示器与检测系统光瞳匹配的需求,在设计中采用目镜结构的成像镜头,通过一片树脂非球面镜片实现了镜头的无畸变成像。检测系统的视场角为50°,入瞳大小为4mm,畸变量<0.1%,在-4D～3D头盔目镜测试条件下都能保持很高的成像质量,可以满足不同屈光度下头盔显示器目视系统的测试需要。     

新型彩色LCOS头盔微显示器光学系统

通过对实像显示技术和虚像显示技术的区别的简要介绍,阐述了头盔微显示器在未来战场上对数字化士兵的重要作用以及头盔微显示技术的研发意义。通过对LCOS头盔微显示器显示原理的阐述,着重介绍了一种新型彩色LCOS头盔微显示器整个光学系统设计方面的最新研究成果。     

Inexpensive, high-quality optical relay for use in confocal scanning beam imaging

An inexpensive, high optical-quality relay lens made up of two eyepieces arranged in an afocal assembly for use in confocal scanning laser imaging is described. In the past we have used relays, within our confocal microscopes, made up of achromats with long focal lengths (> or = 10 cm), which take up large optical tracks and suffer from significant amounts of astigmatism and curvature of field. We quantify aberrations associated with achromat and eyepiece relays using CODE V optical design and analysis software. The eyepiece relay is found to be more compact, better corrected, and not significantly more expensive than its achromat counterpart. In addition to being used to interconnect two scanning mirrors optically as well as scanning mirrors with microscope objectives, it can form part of the optics in a confocal scanning laser MACROscope-Microscope system (Biomedical Photometrics, Inc., Waterloo, Ontario, Canada). Due to design constraints, the MACROscope-Microscope system cannot incorporate a conventional wide-field microscope into its structure such as is done in most commercial confocal microscopes. The eyepiece relay is used as a stand-alone, compact optical link between the scanning mirrors and the microscope objective. This consequently makes the MACROscope-Microscope system more compact and easier to commercialize.     

用于头盔显示器的折/衍混合全塑料目镜

衍射光学元件具有独特的负色散性质和以其任意的相位分布实现对光波面的任意相位调制的特点,用在光学系统中可大大简化系统结构,而光学塑料在进一步减轻系统重量方面有优势。设计了应用于头盔显示器的折/衍混合全塑料目镜,其有效焦距为30mm,视场角为40°,出瞳距离为20mm,出瞳直径为8mm,由三个折射透镜和一个衍射面组成。该目镜的最大镜头直径为26mm,总重量为7g。对于目镜中需要重点校正的像散和垂轴色差的最大值分别为0.58mm和18μm,而最大畸变也仅为3.3%;角分辨率为0.44mrad,小于人眼的最小角分辨率。     

离轴回转对称棱镜式头戴显示器目镜的研制

针对大曲率自由曲面棱镜在加工中存在表面粗糙度差的问题,本文采用离轴非球面面型研制了棱镜式虚拟显示目镜.目镜的3个光学表面都采用了回转对称的非球面面型,其加工精度比自由曲面高且加工难度大大降低.通过控制棱镜各表面的曲率、倾斜角度来实现短焦距和大视场并通过优化高次非球面系数校正像差.实验结果显示:研制的目镜其光瞳大小为6 mm,视场大小为55°;在30 lp/mm处,轴上视场的调制传递函数(MTF)值高于0.2,轴外视场的MTF值高于0.1,目镜的最大畸变量为-5.37％.棱镜的检测和试验结果表明:与自由曲面棱镜相比,采用非球面面型能够显著降低棱镜表面的粗糙度,避免图像重影现象,成像更为清晰,虚拟成像的目视效果得到了明显改善.     

基于虚拟现实的头盔显示目镜系统设计

基于Erfle透镜结构,设计了可用于头盔显示系统的传统折射式目镜。在此基础上添加了衍射面,设计出了折衍射目镜。这两种系统的基本结构参数相同,出瞳距为27 mm,出瞳直径为8 mm。与传统折射式结构相比,折衍射目镜的总长度减小了11%,重量减轻了约23%,畸变减小了59.45%。考虑到衍射光学元件的带宽积分平均衍射效率对系统调制传递函数(Modulation Transfer Function,MTF)的影响,在40 lp/mm空间频率处,折衍射头盔目镜轴上视场的MTF值和最小MTF值分别高于0.68和0.28,满足设计要求。该系统可以应用于虚拟现实的头盔显示系统。     

A universal angle-measuring instrument

The working principle and design are described for a universal autocollimation angle meter, which is intended for checking various geodetic instruments (geodetic levels, theodolites), and also other instruments with small measurement ranges (levels and autocollimators). The basic mechanical characteristics are given. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 9, pp. 10–12, September, 2006.     

Testing feasibility of an accurate microscopic assessment of macrovesicular steatosis in liver allograft biopsies by smartphone add‐on lenses

Light microscopy is an essential tool in histological examination of tissue samples. However, the required equipment for a correct and rapid diagnosis is sometimes unavailable. Smartphones and mobile phone networks are widespread, and could be used for diagnostic imaging and telemedicine. Macrovesicular steatosis (MS) is a major risk factor for liver graft failure, and is only assessable by microscopic examination of a frozen tissue section. The aim of this study was to compare the microscopic assessment of MS in liver allograft biopsies by a smartphone with eyepiece adaptor (BLIPS device) to standard light microscopy. Forty liver graft biopsies were evaluated in transmitted light, using an Iphone 5s and 4 different mini‐objective, add‐on lenses. A significant correlation was reported between the two different approaches for graft MS assessment (Spearman's correlation coefficient: r_s = 0.946; p < .001). Smartphone with eyepiece adaptor had similar discriminatory power to identify MS in liver grafts than standard light microscopy. Based on these findings, a smartphone integrated with a low‐cost eyepiece adaptor can achieve adequate accuracy in the assessment of MS in liver graft, and could be used as an alternative to standard light microscope when unavailable.