针对细微特征进行K-means聚类的电台分选识别技术

现代战场中的无线通信设备日益增多，精准获取个体信息已成为研究热点，但也是难点。针对通信电台，提出了一种分选识别技术。该技术从电台物理层特性出发，对其辐射信号的细微特征进行K-means聚类以实现分选，分选的同时提取各个个体的特征属性值，未知信号通过与特征属性值相关运算实现个体识别。该技术无需先验知识，无需训练运算，通过实验验证，其可行、高效，易于工程实现。     

Thermodynamic modeling of gas solubility in aqueous sodium chloride solution

An electrolyte Equation of State is presented by combining the Cubic Plus Association Equation of State,Mean Spherical Approximation and the Born equation.This new model uses experimental relative static permittivity,intend to predict well the activity coefficients of individual ions (ACI) and liquid densities of aqueous solutions.This new model is applied to model water + NaCl binary system and water + gas +NaCl ternary systems.The cation/anion-water interaction parameters of are obtained by fitting the exper-imental data of ACI,mean ionic activity coefficients (MIAC) and liquid densities of water + NaCl binary system.The cation/anion-gas interaction parameters are obtained by fitting the experimental data of gas solubilities in aqueous NaCl solutions.The modeling results show that this new model can correlate well with the phase equilibrium and volumetric properties.Without gas,predictions for ACI,MIAC,and liquid densities present relative average deviations of 1.3％,3.6％ and 1.4％ compared to experimental ref-erence values.For most gas-containing systems,predictions for gas solubilities present relative average deviations lower than 7.0％.Further,the contributions of ACI,and salting effects of NaCl on gases are ana-lyzed and discussed.     

《物理化学》课程思政建设的探索与实践

"立德树人"是高等教育的根本任务,思政教育能培养青年大学生树立正确的价值观。以近三年的《物理化学》课程教学实践为基础,举例说明《物理化学》课程的思政元素提炼,讨论了如何在授课教学环节有机融入课程思政内容。结果表明,思政元素的融入不仅能有效提高教学质量,更能激发学生的爱国热情,培养学生的辩证思维,有利于培养有理想、有素养的高素质人才。     

Using electroencephalogram to continuously discriminate feelings of personal thermal comfort between uncomfortably hot and comfortable environments

Thermal comfort is an important factor for the design of buildings. Although it has been well recognized that many physiological parameters are linked to the state of thermal comfort or discomfort of humans, how to use physiological signal to judge the state of thermal comfort has not been well studied. In this paper, the feasibility of continuously determining feelings of personal thermal comfort was discussed by using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in private space. In the study, 22 subjects were exposed to thermally comfortable and uncomfortably hot environments, and their EEG signals were recorded. Spectral power features of the EEG signals were extracted, and an ensemble learning method using linear discriminant analysis or support vector machine as a sub-classifier was used to build the discriminant model. The results show that an average discriminate accuracy of 87.9% can be obtained within a detection window of 60 seconds. This study indicates that it is feasible to distinguish whether a person feels comfortable or too hot in their private space by multi-channel EEG signals without interruption and suggests possibility for further applications in neuroergonomics.     

GC-MS法分析柠檬蒸馏酒与发酵酒挥发性风味物质

采用定量描述性感官评价法对柠檬发酵酒与蒸馏酒进行感官评定，检测其理化指标，并利用气质联用（GC-MS）技术分析其挥发性风味物质组分及含量。结果表明，2种柠檬酒口感接近，除涩味外，苦、酸、甜味无显著差异（P＞0.05）；总酸、还原糖和可溶性固形物含量差异均显著（P＜0.05）；通过GC-MS技术从柠檬发酵酒与蒸馏酒中分别检测出40种、33种挥发性风味物质，且均以酯类物质种类（20种、15种）及相对含量（53.63%、48.43%）最高。与柠檬发酵酒相比，除检测到酯类、醇类、酸类、醛类物质外，柠檬蒸馏酒中还检测到烷烃类、杂环类及烯类物质。     

不同酿酒酵母对山葡萄北国蓝蒸馏酒挥发性物质的影响

以市场上常见的8种活性干酵母作为山葡萄北国蓝的发酵剂，通过比较发酵速率、定性定量分析蒸馏酒中香气成分，并结合主成分分析（PCA），综合得出适合酿造山葡萄北国蓝蒸馏酒的酿酒酵母。结果表明，在发酵过程中，发酵速率最快的是酵母ADT，酵母CEC01次之；发酵完成后，酵母菌MST的发酵原酒酒精度最高，为（9.80±0.11）%vol，发酵最彻底，产酒能力优于其他酵母（P＜0.05），其次是酵母CEC01，为（9.79±0.01）%vol；酵母菌CEC01发酵的山葡萄蒸馏酒中挥发性物质含量最高，为16 394.24 μg/L，其次是酵母VF（16 163.22 μg/L）、ADT（15 576.32 μg/L）；主成分分析综合得分最高的是酵母CEC01，其次是酵母ADT。由此可得，酵母CEC01、ADT发酵能力强，产酒率高，且蒸馏酒的酒香浓郁、品质较好，适合酿造山葡萄蒸馏酒。     

某白酒企业废水处理系统改造工程

为执行《发酵酒精和白酒工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 27631—2011),四川某白酒企业对原污水处理系统进行了改造,主体工艺在原"UASB+接触氧化"的基础上增加了A2/O单元,并给UASB增加了回流。为提高化学除磷效果,在投加聚合氯化铝的基础上,加投了聚丙烯酰胺。改造后系统出水中COD、NH3-N、TN、TP、色度等指标均实现了稳定达标排放。     

从中日工匠精神之比较论大匠精神的延展

目的 比较中国与日本的工匠制度与工匠精神的形成与历史发展轨迹，从而提出建立现代工匠制度和工匠精神的应对策略。方法 通过比较两国工匠精神差异的历史与客观原因，以及分析我国近现代工匠精神衰弱的历史根源，指出日本工匠精神仍存在一些不足，建议我国在发扬工匠精神时避免出现相似的局限。结论 提出三个方面的现实对策：制定新的法律法规，努力建立符合现代产业趋势的工匠制度；区分传统文化遗产保护与建立现代工匠精神的差别，确立新的行业与人才发展战略；提高创新型匠人和高级管理型人才的地位，突显大匠精神。国家要制定高科技产业的长远发展方略，引领高端制造业与科技领域的发展，实现从大国制造向大国智造的产业飞跃，把大匠精神内化为中国制造的灵魂。     

Two industrial examples of coupling experiments and simulations for increasing quality and yield of distilled beverages

The aim of this study was to check the ability of ProSim^® software to model both continuous and batch distillations of two specific industrial units in order to obtain both a better understanding of the behaviour of aroma volatile components and a tool to optimise the still's operation. Simulations of multistage continuous distillation to produce neutral spirit from raw alcohol and of batch distillation to produce bitter orange distillate from bitter orange peels macerate were carried out with ProSimPlus and BatchColumn software. Simulations were compared with distillations performed in two industrial plants. For each case, the industrial plants were studied to determine all the operating parameters and the behaviour of certain compounds selected for their high concentration or quality impact. Then, the NRTL and Henry's law thermodynamic models were chosen. Simulation results of particular compositions of the selected compounds in the different extractions were analysed and compared with experimental measurements. Simulations represented faithfully the behaviour of compounds in the industrial plants. Therefore, it was possible for two totally separated cases to illustrate the interest of simulation software; for neutral spirit production to determine new operation set points in order to maximise productivity and improve quality for neutral spirit production and for bitter orange distillate production, to explain the choice of different cuts and the role of the presence of peels during distillation.     

建筑节能的社会背景

该文通过对建筑节能的社会背景分析,指出制约节能进步的根本原因.