鸡枞菌锥形削根装置设计

针对鸡枞菌人工锥形削根速度慢、一致性差等问题,设计了锥形削根装置。该装置采用两个对称布置的四连杆机构,连杆刀片运动轨迹呈腰形,两个刀片的直线工作段形成圆锥包络,实现鸡枞菌根部锥形切削。装有摄像头的机械臂识别、抓取并精确控制鸡枞菌进入切削区域的深度,实现精准切削。试验结果表明:两个连杆刀片在0.8s内共进行12次作业,完成锥形切削;装置可在6s内实现1个鸡枞菌的抓取、切削、分级,不仅速度快,且一致性更好。以菇柄直径为12mm的鸡枞菌为例,对比人工削根形成的7棱、6棱、5棱和4棱锥,试验装置削根可分别减少7.5%,9.1%,13.9%,24.4%的根部浪费率。     

复杂型急倾斜煤层的开采技术探析

中国煤炭资源多处于中厚煤层中,伴随煤炭资源的不断开采,矿井深度日渐增加,煤层的开采环境也日渐复杂,其中复杂型急倾斜煤层对开采技术和开采施工工艺水平的要求较为突出。课题基于中国复杂型急倾斜煤层开发工艺的现状,深入分析了现有工艺在实际开采过程中存在的不足,提出了伪倾斜斜坡短臂采煤法,旨在为中国复杂型急倾斜煤层开采工艺的研究提供借鉴。     

随车起重机伸缩臂截面多目标优化

为了提高某火箭炮弹药装填车随车起重机伸缩臂的结构刚度,减轻结构质量,建立了随车起重机伸缩臂参数化模型,并对伸缩臂在水平受载状态下进行仿真分析。以伸缩臂截面尺寸参数为设计变量,借助最优拉丁超立方试验设计建立样本空间,构造响应面多项式函数近似模型。在此基础上,利用NSGA-Ⅱ型遗传算法对伸缩臂自身重量、挠度进行多目标优化。优化结果表明:伸缩臂质量减轻了24.5%,减重效果明显。文中所采用的将参数化建模、有限元分析和数值寻优相结合的优化方法,可为起重机伸缩臂截面优化提供一定的参考。     

基于混沌理论的弧形闸门支臂振动特性

为了研究弧形闸门支臂的振动问题,采用混沌理论对时间序列进行处理,确定延迟时间τ、嵌入维数m进行相空间重构,并计算时间序列的混沌特征值,进而研究弧形闸门在启闭过程中振动的复杂性。以某水电站弧形闸门支臂振动为研究对象,根据支臂振动加速度原型观测资料,分析不同开度的振动情况,发现启门振动的复杂程度高于闭门工况,小开度的振动复杂程度更高,且支臂振动的复杂程度为与面板连接位置最大,与闸墩连接位置最小,中间位置介于前两者之间。为弧形闸门短期振动预测提供了支持。     

铁路货车状态修车轮踏面损伤非接触检测研究

针对轮轴检修车间多种轮轴检测设备部分检测环节的手动行为,进行传感器部件安装方法的自动化改造,降低检测设备的人工参与环节,提高设备的自动化程度。提高检测效率。     

新冠肺炎应急临床试验设计中的统计学考虑

新型冠状病毒肺炎的突然来袭，国内各地相继启动重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应。为了探索新冠肺炎的治疗，百余项临床研究陆续在国内开展。在突发公共卫生事件下，尽早找到有效的药物和治疗方案对于疾病的控制更加重要，这也对在这种应急情况下所开展临床试验的时效性提出要求，尤其是针对新冠肺炎的注册临床试验。本文从统计学角度，对应急临床试验中临床终点的选择和试验设计中的相关问题进行探讨。     

Thermodynamic description of the Cu-Ge-Pb system: Experiment and modeling

Decades of scientific work dedicated to the investigation of phase diagrams gave significant benefit to industry and science. After all those years of phase diagram investigation still there is missing information about phase diagram of some ternary systems. One of those systems is Cu-Ge-Pb. It is known importance of Cu-based alloys and Ge-based alloys in electro industry. Since such combination is not tested before this work will provide information about phase diagram of ternary Cu-Ge-Pb system. In this work ternary Cu-Ge-Pb system has been tested experimentally and analytically by using Calphad model. Two isothermal sections at 600 and 400 °C and three vertical sections are experimentally tested and results were compared with calculated corresponding phase diagrams. None of the ternary compound and large solubility of third element in binary compound is not confirmed. Liquidus projection, invariant reaction and scheme of invariant reaction are presented. Scheil and Lever simulation of solid phases for Cu₈₀Ge₁₀Pb₁₀ alloy were calculated.     

Preliminary results of hand arm vibration (HAV) exposures of chipping hammer operators in tropical weather: Analysis of exposures and protective gloves

Objectives of this study are to analyze the HAV exposures of chipping hammer operators from field measurements and to investigate the potential of various types of gloves in reducing the exposures. HAV exposures of twelve male operators were measured at four different operating conditions: bare hand, wearing normal workman gloves, wearing heavy workman gloves and wearing vibration reducing gloves. From the measurements, 8 h exposure values were determined and assessed against standards. The total vibration values were determined and effectiveness in vibration attenuation by gloves was compared. It was found that all most all operators, HAV exposure levels exceeded the exposure action value (EAV) and about 83% of the operators exceeded the exposure limit values (ELV). A reduction in the total vibration magnitude was observed with protective gloves: 8.3% with normal workman gloves, 14.6% with heavy workman gloves and 40% with vibration-reducing gloves. To confirm the effectiveness of the vibration reducing gloves, further field investigations are required with simultaneous measurements by considering parameters affecting HAV (i.e., hand forces and postures).     

甘蔗糖厂双臂式半自动挂钩桅杆卸蔗机与喂蔗台的应用技术

甘蔗糖厂陆地运输的甘蔗卸至喂蔗台的主要形式有:桥式双梁吊车、旋臂桅杆卸蔗机、双臂式桅杆卸蔗机等。主要简述了目前常见的双臂式半自动挂钩桅杆卸蔗机的结构与工作原理,并介绍了在埃塞俄比亚OMO-KURAZ3糖厂改造中应用的固定双臂式半自动挂钩桅杆卸蔗机与喂蔗台的应用技术。     

Φ177mm PQF无缝管连轧机前横移系统改进

对鞍钢股份无缝钢管厂连轧机前毛管坯横移装置存在的设计缺陷进行了分析,并提出改进方案,将原横移装置由高架轨道横移机构及上下升降链传动装置,改进为地面轨道横移系统及同步旋转臂实现取管、放管过程。实施后消除了生产故障,缩短了轧制周期,降低生产成本。