Temperature cycling and its effect on mechanical behaviours of highporosity chalks

Temperature history can have a significant effect on the strength of water-saturated chalk.In this study,hydrostatic stress cycles are applied to understand the mechanical response of chalk samples exposed to temperature cycling between each stress cycle,compared to the samples tested at a constant temperature.The total accumulated strain during a stress cycle and the irreversible strain are reported.Chalk samples from Kansas(USA)and Mons(Belgium),with different degrees of induration(i.e.amount of contact cementation),were used.The samples were saturated with equilibrated water(polar)and nonpolar Isopar H oil to quantify water weakening.All samples tested during 10 stress cycles with varying temperature(i.e.temperature cycled in between each stress cycle)accumulated more strain than those tested at constant temperatures.All the stress cycles were performed at 30℃.The two chalk types behaved similarly when saturated with Isopar H oil,but differently when saturated with water.When saturated with water,the stronger Kansas chalk accumulated more total strain and more irreversible strain within each stress cycle than the weaker Mons chalk.     

沙漠生物结皮土壤发育特征的研究

通过对沙漠生物结皮层相关的土壤特性研究表明,结皮层不仅具有明显的养分富集和细粒物质的聚集作用,而且结皮层腐殖质成份的含量以及其分子结构和复杂程度也在增加。腐殖质光学特性的变化趋势明显反映了不同地区结皮层土壤发育的地带性特征。结皮层持水量明显高于沙层,并对降水再分配有一定影响。     

珠江口盆地开平凹陷油气聚集条件分析

珠江口盆地自新生代以来,曾先后受到不同方向张应力的作用,造成了不同时期构造体系的交叉叠合.中中新世以来构造运动强烈,并具有东强西弱的特点,对油气的运移与聚集产生了重要影响.开平凹陷的剧烈断裂和断陷活动始于始新世,并在同期沉积了巨厚的文昌组.晚渐新世以后,由于断裂活动非常微弱,在成熟的烃源岩与其上地层之间缺乏有效的油源断层,因而自生自储、近距离运移可能是开平凹陷油气聚集的基本特征.在凹陷内部,因重力滑动和欠压实泥岩共同作用所形成的KPll-1构造带可能是该区最具有油气远景的地区.     

Continuous formation of slurry ice by cooling water–oil emulsion in a tube

Water-silicone oil emulsion with an additive, (C₂H₅O)₃SiC₃H₆NH₂, was examined as a heat storage material. A spiral tube used as a heat exchanger was immersed in a low temperature bath and the emulsion was circulated in the tube to make ice continuously. Ice was separated from the ice–liquid suspension in an outlet tank. The amount of formed ice, the temperatures of the inlet and the outlet of the heat exchanger, and the temperatures in the tube wall were measured and the overall heat transfer coefficient and the heat flux through the tube were calculated. Experiments were carried out, varying the flow rate, the temperature of cooling brine, and the thickness of tube wall. The condition under which slurry ice was formed continuously without adhesion of ice to the cooling wall was clarified. Though decrease in the thermal resistance of the tube increased the rate of ice formation or raised the brine temperature, it narrowed the range of the flow rate and of the brine temperature in which slurry ice was formed continuously.     

城市燃气管网设计若干问题的探讨

分析了哈依燃气管道工程在施工及管理过程中存在的问题，并就如何解决这些问题提出了建议。     

对索风营水电站坝址区堆积体勘察设计的几点认识

乌江索风营水电站坝址区分布有7个堆积体,其成因有崩塌堆积、蠕变-拉裂-崩解堆积、塌滑堆积及混和堆积等.在勘察过程中采用了地质测绘、钻探、硐探、物探、科研试验等多种勘察方法与手段,在勘察成果基础上对堆积体稳定性进行了分析,并结合对工程的不同影响提出了相应的工程处理措施.     

Procedure for the evaluation of the accumulation of defects in metallic structural materials under complex elastoplastic loading

Within framework of the continual fracture mechanics, we describe the engineering approach to the assessment of scattered microdamage accumulation kinetics in metallic materials under elastoplastic loading conditions in case of plane stressed state. Automatized experimental stand and the respective investigation technique are discussed. The stand has been developed based on modification of the UMé-10T electromechanic test machine. State-of-the-art computer technologies and microprocessing hardware are incorporated in the stand automation. We present the technique of experimental assessment of damage accumulation kinetics in metallic structural materials under complex elastoplastic loading conditions with account of two different fracture (cleavage and shear) processes, which technique is based on measuring the specific electric resistance of the specimen. __________ Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 1, pp. 128–137, January–February, 2006.     

勘探地球物理技术最新进展——２００２年ＳＥＧ年会综述Ⅱ：解释与压力预测

根据2002年SEG年会部分论文编译而成，包括解释技术和压力预测技术。概要性地介绍了偏移成像技术；新属性技术；自动地震相分析技术；油气检测技术；储层反演技术和2种实用的压力预测技术。     

大庆长垣以东古隆起天然气成藏条件的差异性

由长垣以东地区深层天然气分布特征，指出安达—肇州和朝阳沟—肇东古隆起是天然气运移指向和聚集的有利场所。造成安达—肇州古隆起上天然气显示好于朝阳沟—肇东古隆起上天然气显示，前者已获得了大量工业气流，而后者仅见少量气流或显示。但由于天然气在供气条件、储集条件、盖层条件、圈闭条件和运移条件上的差异，造成安达—肇州古隆起本身天然气显示也存在差异，昌德构造、卫星—升平构造和汪家屯构造天然气显示好于模范屯—肇州西构造天然气显示。     

用潜坝对抚州市南区水厂取水口淤沙进行治理

多沙河流中的水厂取水口，枯水期经常存在淤沙，影响抽水。以往的治理方法多是采用丁坝群束水冲沙，但坝田淤高有碍行洪，对城市防洪不利．南区水厂采用潜坝方案，兼顾防洪．通航等要求，缩小治理范围，用十分简易的方法获得成功，且投资更省，值得在类似工程中推广运用．