协同频谱感知在非理想报告信道中的性能

针对非理想报告信道环境中的认知无线电多用户协同频谱感知问题,建立了协同感知三层模型;以单用户为例,分析了报告信道传输错误对单用户感知性能的影响;同时,基于Newman—Pearson准则推导了统计值传输和判决值传输条件下的最优协同频谱感知方法,并给出了平坦瑞利衰落环境下感知性能的上限。     

High performance 14-bit pipelined redundant signed digit ADC

A novel architecture of a pipelined redundant-signed-digit analog to digital converter(RSD-ADC) is presented featuring a high signal to noise ratio(SNR), spurious free dynamic range(SFDR) and signal to noise plus distortion(SNDR) with efficient background correction logic. The proposed ADC architecture shows high accuracy with a high speed circuit and efficient utilization of the hardware. This paper demonstrates the functionality of the digital correction logic of 14-bit pipelined ADC at each 1.5 bit/stage. This prototype of ADC architecture accounts for capacitor mismatch, comparator offset and finite Op-Amp gain error in the MDAC(residue amplification circuit) stages. With the proposed architecture of ADC, SNDR obtained is 85.89 dB, SNR is 85.9 dB and SFDR obtained is 102.8 dB at the sample rate of 100 MHz. This novel architecture of digital correction logic is transparent to the overall system, which is demonstrated by using 14-bit pipelined ADC. After a latency of 14 clocks, digital output will be available at every clock pulse. To describe the circuit behavior of the ADC, VHDL and MATLAB programs are used. The proposed architecture is also capable of reducing the digital hardware. Silicon area is also the complexity of the design.     

考虑电池储能老化和需求侧响应的交直流混合配电网动态重构方法

现有的电池储能模型一方面认为电池的充放电功率和效率为固定不变的,另一方面有关电池储能的充放电过程对循环老化的影响缺少考虑,这与电池单元本体的非线性等效电路模型相违背。因此,考虑电池储能的循环老化成本、需求侧响应,提出了交直流混合配电网动态重构方法。通过对实际电池储能的充放电功率的运行区域进行采样,在凸包络的采样点集合中将非理想状态下的电池储能模型重构为线性模型。在此基础上,分别建立了基于累积吞吐电量和放电深度的循环老化成本模型,构建了综合成本最小化的交直流混合配电网动态重构模型。并采用混合整数二阶锥规划方法求解。在改进的33节点算例上仿真验证了所提基于放电深度的循环老化成本模型的经济性,分析了交直流混合配电网重构方法经济性的影响因素。     

塑料排水带固结处理软土地基分析

通过分析塑料排水带固结处理深厚软土地基的效果和设计有关的问题,及非理想井固结理论分析估算,认为塑料排水带插设间距是影响预压期长短和固结度增长的关键因素,合理布置间距可使完工期地基土平均固结度达80%以上,插设深度主要影响工后沉降的大小.     

基于DFT的旋变软件解码非理想偏差标定方法

针对目前旋变软件解码中的采样包络面存在非理想偏差问题,从理论推导了幅值偏差、直流偏差会对旋变软件解码的输出角度叠加一个2倍频波动,正交偏差会叠加一个同频波动。提出了基于离散傅里叶变换(DFT)的矫正方法,利用该方法实现了幅值偏差、直流偏差和正交偏差的提取,并对这3种偏差设计了相应的矫正环节。同时又推导了存在转速误差条件下使用DFT方法提取到的幅值偏差、直流偏差存在一个和旋变包络面初始相位相关的波动误差,并通过取一段时间内波动平均值的方法解决了该误差对提取结果的影响。最后通过仿真试验验证了推导的正确性,搭建了拖台架并进行旋变标定试验,对比标定前后数据,表明偏差矫正后的锁相环输出的角度线性度更好,转速波动更小,相应的dq轴电流的指定阶次波动也更小。     

一种基于电流反馈的分段式PWM控制无刷直流电机转矩波动抑制方法

无刷直流电机伺服系统具有广泛的应用场合,但转矩波动限制了其在高精度场合的应用。针对非理想反电动势引起的无刷直流电机转矩波动提出了一种基于电流反馈的分段式PWM控制方法。该方法通过线反电动势观测器获得产生目标转矩值的参考电流,以实现对电机转矩的直接控制。同时,针对电机高速与低速运行状态分别采用不同的PWM控制策略来有效消除换相转矩波动,系统具有低转矩波动和高转矩输出的特点。通过在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立系统仿真模型,对该控制方法的转矩直接控制能力进行检验,并对转矩波动进行了对比;搭建实验平台对具有非理想反电动势的无刷直流电机进行了驱动实验。仿真和实验结果表明,该文所提出的控制方法能有效减小转矩波动,提高无刷直流电机伺服系统输出转矩的稳定性和位置控制精确度。     

调制解调非理想特性联合补偿数字预失真方法

针对调制解调非理想特性影响数字预失真效果,导致邻信道功率比性能较差的问题,提出了一种调制端和解调端联合补偿的数字预失真方法。首先,建立了正交调制器、解调器的基带等效模型;然后,基于多项式预失真,利用正交调制器与解调器的特点,结合递归最小二乘法,推导出了联合补偿数字预失真原理,避免了仅通过调制端补偿,或者调制端、解调端分别补偿只能使数字预失真算法收敛到局部最优解的现象出现;最后,以甚高频航空通信常用的差分八相移键控（Differential 8 Phase Shift Keying,D8PSK）调制方式为例进行了仿真和实现验证,邻信道功率比相对无预失真可以改善28 dBc,相对现有联合补偿数字预失真可以改善16 dBc。     

Assessing the impact of non-ideal optical factors on optimized solar dish collector system with mirror rearrangement

An optimized solar dish collector (OPSDC) system was proposed in our previous work, which can achieve excellent the optical efficiency and flux uniformity under ideal optics. On this basis, the impacts of the non-ideal optical factors on the optical performance of OPSDC system with a cylindrical and conical receiver are studied in detail and compared with the conventional solar dish collector (COSDC) system in this paper. Where the non-ideal optical factors considered are relatively comprehensive, including the mirror slope error, tracking error, installation error of the mirror and receiver, and receiver's absorptivity degeneration. An optical model with the non-ideal optical factors is built in detail by the ray tracing method, and the corresponding ray tracing codes are developed and verified by literatures and optical software OptisWorks 2012. The results show that the OPSDC system not only has a significantly smaller peak local concentration ratio (LCR) and non-uniformity factor than the COSDC system under the same non-ideal optical factor, but also has excellent optical performance. This means that OPSDC system can effectively avoid the heat absorber generating high-temperature hot spots, thus significantly improving its working reliability and service lifetime. In addition, the tracking error, installation error of the receiver and mirror all lead to the increase of the peak LCR and non-uniform factor, while the mirror slope error and absorber's absorptivity degeneration are conducive to reducing the peak LCR and non-uniform factor. This work can provide a reference for error control of COSDC system and OPSDC system in manufacturing, installation and operation.     

一种改进型两相静止坐标系增强型锁相环

电网电压中的谐波、不平衡以及直流偏移会在传统两相静止坐标系增强型锁相环(αβ-EPLL)所检测的电网基波电压幅值、频率和相角中产生周期波动,尤其是直流偏移会产生基波频率的周期波动,难以使用低通滤波器直接滤除。提出一种改进的αβ-EPLL结构,在两相信号输入侧引入直流偏移积分器以消除输入直流偏移,在幅值检测环和频率检测环中分别引入延时信号滤波器以消除输入谐波和不平衡的影响。详细的理论分析和实验结果验证了所提出的改进αβ-EPLL的正确性和可行性。