基于EVSEWT的下击暴流时变平均风提取

下击暴流等极端风具有强烈的非平稳特性，给风场特性分析、结构响应计算带来挑战。根据经验将非平稳风分为时变平均风和零均值脉动风分别进行分析，是处理非平稳风速信号的有效方法。分析了几种常见时变均值提取方法的优缺点，在此基础上提出一种基于能量波谷寻找的经验小波变换方法，用于下击暴流时变平均风速提取，并将提取的时变平均风和脉动风用于分析某幢高层建筑顶部位移响应。对2组下击暴流的分析结果得出：与经验模态分解和离散小波变换方法相比，基于能量波谷寻找的经验小波变换方法模型提取的时变平均风更符合预期，对应的结构响应偏于安全。     

非平稳条件下基于贝叶斯网络的内涝风险评估和管理方法

受非平稳条件因素(如气候变化、城市化)的影响,近几年内涝灾害频发。以Z市某地块为研究区域,借助地理信息系统(ArcGIS)和暴雨雨洪管理模型(SWMM)实现研究区排水管网的水动力模拟。在不同降雨情境下,比较分析现状系统及不同改造方案下的系统溢流量等信息,计算内涝风险指数。采用贝叶斯网络分析工具(Bayes Server)对引发内涝风险的主要因素进行推理、识别和分析,进而构建内涝风险评估模型。该模型便于决策者根据设计需求,结合各因素的不确定性范围和发生概率值,综合选取最适合的改造措施,优化市政排水防涝规划,为市政基础设施建设提供了依据。     

基于图像处理的海面动目标DP 相参检测方法

海面动目标检测是对海搜索雷达的一种重要工作模式,由于受海杂波影响,采用常规的非相参处理检测动目标时效果不佳。文中提出了一种基于图像处理的低重复频率DP 相参检测动目标的方法。该方法利用图像分割提取技术,针对二维频谱图运用sobel 算子提取边界,将杂波区和清晰区精确分开,提高了海面动目标的检测能力,并通过实测数据证明了该方法有效性和可实现性。     

利用北斗反射信号探测目标的初步实验

通过实测海杂波数据,研究了海杂波的统计特性,实测数据拟合结果表明,弱海杂波的概率密度分布函数服从瑞利分布;强海杂波概率密度分布呈现较强的非高斯特性,该试验实测数据拟合结果为对数正态分布,因此强海杂波背景下小目标检测,常规恒虚警检测器性能受到限制。同时采用了常规单元平均恒虚警与自适应匹配滤波两种方法进行目标检测,通过结果对比可以得出,对于强杂波背景下小目标,自适应匹配滤波的方法能检测出更多的目标点迹,检测性能较常规单元平均恒虚警好。     

基于雷达杂波图像的单站定位技术

在特定的边界下美军“强盗”电子情报系统具备强大的单站定位能力。通过分析“强盗”系统,提出了一种独特的定位技术。有别于传统定位技术,该技术利用雷达杂波信号实现对辐射源的定位,理论分析和仿真结果证明了其可行性。     

非平稳确定性信号与非平稳随机信号统一分类法的探讨

根据信号通过线性系统可产生新信号的理论,对非平稳确定性信号与非平稳随机信号的统一分类方法进行了深入研究,分别给出格林函数描述的线性时变系统法、调制函数作用于边界稳定线性系统的自激振荡正弦波法、随机输入线性时不变系统与边界稳定的与不稳定的线性系统组合法。这3种分类法便于对非平稳确定性信号与非平稳随机信号进行统一分类研究,并具有比较全面与系统性好的优点。     

Sea clutter modeling using an autoregressive generalized nonlinear-asymmetric GARCH model

The sea clutter modeling is critical to the radar design and assessment of relevant detection algorithms. In this paper, we investigate a family of generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic (GARCH) processes to model the sea clutter as a time series, in which the current variance is dependent on historical information. The most general model (so-called the ALLGARCH model) provides more flexible variance structures to model non-Gaussian, asymmetry, and nonlinear properties of the clutter. However, after going through the usage of the ALLGARCH model, we find that it is not very suitable because the coefficients of the model, which are numerous, would be difficult to estimate in a real-time operating environment. Meanwhile, we find that some of the coefficients are negligible under almost all kinds of sea environments and weather conditions. Motivated by these observations, we propose a novel GARCH model for sea clutter modeling, which is a generalization of the nonlinear-asymmetric GARCH (NAGARCH) model. Considering the correlation between adjacent clutter returns, autoregressive terms are also introduced. By systematically analyzing practical sea clutter data under different sea environments, we demonstrate that the proposed model achieves comparable fitting effect to some commonly used statistical models. Also, we develop the corresponding generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) algorithm for the new model. Numerical simulations exhibit that the proposed detector achieves higher probability of detection, comparing with the AR-GARCH detector.     

Detection in sea clutter based on nonlinear ARCH model

In this paper, a complex nonlinear autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (CNARCH) model is proposed to model sea clutter. For heteroscedastic model, since the likelihood function is not obtained from explicit probability density function (PDF) expression, it is typically referred to as a quasi-likelihood function. The corresponding quasi-maximum likelihood estimation (QMLE) of the model parameters is derived. Furthermore, the corresponding detection algorithm is derived based on this model. We also conduct the simulations of both synthetic and practical data, demonstrate that the proposed model offers higher accuracy in detection, than the linear ARCH model, when used in the sea clutter.     

基于俯仰维信息的机载雷达非均匀杂波抑制方法

 针对机载雷达天线非正侧放置导致的非均匀杂波抑制问题,从利用阵面俯仰维信息的角度出发给出了一类解决方法.本文首先分析了机载雷达阵面非正侧放置情况下待检测距离单元的杂波构成,得到由俯仰副瓣引入的近程杂波是导致杂波非均匀的关键因素这一结论;然后给出了利用俯仰自适应波束形成级联两维空时自适应处理(2D STAP)方法来抑制非均匀杂波,同时从本质上阐述了俯仰-方位-多普勒3D STAP方法在非均匀杂波环境下具有良好杂波抑制性能的内在机理.最后通过仿真验证表明,利用俯仰维信息类STAP方法在非正侧阵导致的非均匀杂波环境下具有良好的杂波抑制性能.