一种16QAM调制实现技术的研究

讨论了16QAM调制时应用不同类型和参数的滤波器对系统性能的影响．针对16QAM的特点，采用了存储波形累加求和法来代替一般的滤波成形，提高了调制速度．并利用其相位对称的特点将波形存储表压缩为原容量的1／4，有效地节约了存储空间．     

An Accelerated Iterative Method for Simultaneously Determining All Roots of Polynomial Equation

In this paper, an accelerated iteration method for simultaneously determining of a polynomial equation's roots is proposed. The new method is an improvement of modified Newton method. At the same time, convergence properties and the order of convergence rate are discussed. At last, some numerical results are reported and listed.     

基于复合材料理论的土壤——根系力学研究

从微观的角度研究了根系——土壤复合体的宏观力学性质,并通过计算机模拟试验,研究了土壤和根系——土壤复合体的应变。结果表明,生态防护对加固土壤、保护边坡体有可支持的力学依据,能够有效的提高土壤的力学性质。     

Genetic Dissection of Light-Regulated Adventitious Root Induction in Arabidopsis thaliana Hypocotyls

Photomorphogenic responses of etiolated seedlings include the inhibition of hypocotyl elongation and opening of the apical hook. In addition, dark-grown seedlings respond to light by the formation of adventitious roots (AR) on the hypocotyl. How light signaling controls adventitious rooting is less well understood. Hereto, we analyzed adventitious rooting under different light conditions in wild type and photomorphogenesis mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana. Etiolation was not essential for AR formation but raised the competence to form AR under white and blue light. The blue light receptors CRY1 and PHOT1/PHOT2 are key elements contributing to the induction of AR formation in response to light. Furthermore, etiolation-controlled competence for AR formation depended on the COP9 signalosome, E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC (COP1), the COP1 interacting SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA-105 (SPA) kinase family members (SPA1,2 and 3) and Phytochrome-Interacting Factors (PIF). In contrast, ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), suppressed AR formation. These findings provide a genetic framework that explains the high and low AR competence of Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyls that were treated with dark, and light, respectively. We propose that light-induced auxin signal dissipation generates a transient auxin maximum that explains AR induction by a dark to light switch.     

预应力混凝土柱的施工技术

偏心受压钢筋混凝土柱,采用预应力技术减小或避免钢筋混凝土柱根部裂缝,通过在钢筋混凝土柱受拉区一侧预先施加一定的力,使钢筋混凝土柱内部受力在新的条件下建立平衡.实践证明:该方法能有效地控制柱截面,解决钢筋混凝土柱偏心受压的根部裂缝问题.     

Genome-Wide Identification of TaSAUR Gene Family Members in Hexaploid Wheat and Functional Characterization of TaSAUR66-5B in Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency

Excessive input of nitrogen fertilizer not only causes a great waste of resources but brings about a series of ecological and environmental problems. Although Small Auxin Up-regulated RNAs (SAURs) participate in diverse biological processes, the function of SAURs in the nitrogen starvation response has not been well-studied. Here, we identified 308 TaSAURs in wheat and divided them into 10 subfamilies. The promoter regions of most TaSAURs contain hormone responsive elements, and their expression levels change under the treatment of different hormones, such as IAA, MeJA, and ABA. Interestingly, overexpression of one of the TaSAUR family members, a nitrogen starvation responsive gene, TaSAUR66-5B, can promote the growth of Arabidopsis and wheat roots. In addition, overexpression of TaSAUR66-5B in Arabidopsis up-regulates the expression levels of auxin biosynthesis related genes, suggesting that overexpression TaSAUR66-5B may promote root growth by increasing the biosynthesis of auxin. Furthermore, overexpression of TaSAUR66-5B in wheat can increase the biomass and grain yields of transgenic plants, as well as the nitrogen concentration and accumulation of both shoots and grains, especially under low nitrogen conditions. This study provides important genomic information of the TaSAUR gene family and lays a foundation for elucidating the functions of TaSAURs in improving nitrogen utilization efficiency in wheat.     

Molecular Effects of Low-Intensity Shock Wave Therapy on L6 Dorsal Root Ganglion/Spinal Cord and Blood Oxygenation Level-Dependent (BOLD) Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Changes in Capsaicin-Induced Prostatitis Rat Models

Neurogenic inflammation and central sensitization play a role in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. We explore the molecular effects of low-intensity shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT) on central sensitization in a capsaicin-induced prostatitis rat model. Male Sprague–Dawley rats underwent intraprostatic capsaicin (10 mM, 0.1 cm³) injections. After injection, the prostate received Li-ESWT twice, one day apart. The L6 dorsal root ganglion (DRG)/spinal cord was harvested for histology and Western blotting on days 3 and 7. The brain blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional images were evaluated using 9.4 T fMRI before the Li-ESWT and one day after. Intraprostatic capsaicin injection induced increased NGF-, BDNF-, and COX-2-positive neurons in the L6 DRG and increased COX-2, NGF, BDNF, receptor Trk-A, and TRPV1 protein expression in the L6 DRG and the dorsal horn of the L6 spinal cord, whose effects were significantly downregulated after Li-ESWT on the prostate. Intraprostatic capsaicin injection increased activity of BOLD fMRI responses in brain regions associated with pain-related responses, such as the caudate putamen, periaqueductal gray, and thalamus, whose BOLD signals were reduced after Li-ESWT. These findings suggest a potential mechanism of Li-ESWT on modulation of peripheral and central sensitization for treating CP/CPPS.     

Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 1 Is Essential for Primary-Root Growth at Low-Sucrose Conditions

Plant roots are essential organs for absorbing nutrients from the soil or medium. Sucrose functions as a vital carbon source in root development, and sucrose starvation interferes with the redox state of plant cells. However, the mechanism of root growth at sucrose starvation remains unclear. Here, we report that SHMT1 (serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1) plays a crucial role in primary-root growth. SHMT1 mutation caused decreased sugar levels, excessive H₂O₂ accumulation, and severe root-growth arrest at sucrose-free conditions, whereas plants with SHMT1 overexpression had increased sugar and decreased H₂O₂ levels, and longer primary roots. Sucrose supply fully restored root growth of shm1-2, but CO₂ alone could not, and SHMT1 is much more stable in roots than shoots at sucrose conditions, suggesting that SHMT1 accumulation in roots is critical for sucrose accumulation and root growth. Further ROS scavenging by GSH application or ROS synthesis inhibition by apocynin application or RBOHD mutation reduced H₂O₂ levels and partially restored the root-growth arrest phenotype of shm1-2 at low-sucrose conditions, suggesting that SHMT1 modulates root growth via sucrose-mediated ROS accumulation. Our findings demonstrated the role of SHMT1 in primary-root growth by regulating sucrose accumulation and ROS homeostasis in roots.