Annealing temperature dependent structural and optical properties of electrodeposited CdSe thin films

Cadmium selenide films were synthesized using simple electrodeposition method on indium tin oxide coated glass substrates. The synthesized films were post annealed at 200 °C, 300 °C and 400 °C. X-ray diffraction of the films showed the hexagonal structure with crystallite size <3 nm for as deposited films and 3–25 nm for annealed films. The surface morphology of films using field emission scanning electron microscopy showed granular surface. The high resolution transmission electron microscopy of a crystallite of the film revealed lattice fringes which measured lattice spacing of 3.13 Å corresponding to (002) plane, indicating the lattice contraction effect, due to small size of CdSe nanocrystallite. The calculation of optical band gap using UV–visible absorption spectrum showed strong red-shift with increase in crystallite size, indicating to the charge confinement in CdSe nanocrystallite.     

Formation of ST12 phase Ge nanoparticles in ZnO thin films

In this work, we focus on the Ge nanoparticles (Ge-np) embedded ZnO multilayered thin films. Effects of reactive and nonreactive growth of ZnO layers on the rapid thermal annealing (RTA) induced formation of Ge-np have been specifically investigated. The samples were deposited by sequential r.f. and d.c. sputtering of ZnO and Ge thin film layers, respectively on Si substrates. As-prepared thin film samples have been exposed to an ex-situ RTA at 600 °C for 60 s under forming gas atmosphere. Structural characterizations have been performed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering, Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques. It has been realized that reactive or nonreactive growth of ZnO layers significantly influences the morphology of the ZnO: Ge samples, most prominently the crystal structure of Ge-np. XRD and Raman analysis have revealed that while reactive growth results in a mixture of diamond cubic (DC) and simple tetragonal (ST12) Ge-np, nonreactive growth leads to the formation of only DC Ge-np upon RTA process. Formation of ST12 Ge-np has been discussed based on structural differences due to reactive and nonreactive growth of ZnO embedding layer.     

Effect of select parameters on the properties of edible film from water-soluble fish proteins in surimi wash-water

Edible film from water-soluble fish proteins were developed by casting film solution on leveled trays and effects of pH (9.5, 10.0 and 10.5), heating temperature (60, 70 and 80 °C), and heating time (10, 20 and 30 min) of the film solution on various film properties were determined using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The impact of pH and heating temperature of film solution was more significant, overall, on the film's properties than heating time. Contour plots of tensile strength and elongation at break was highest at pH of 10.0 at 70 °C (2.75-3.02 MPa) but low in elongation at break (6.35-9.16%), while water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability were at their lowest (58.55-65.96 g mm/m² d kPa and 351.33-624.18 cm³ μm/m² d kPa). There was a direct correlation between the films’ and proteins’ solubility on one hand, and heating temperature of film solution on the other, which reversed with change in pH of film solution. Film color was darker and more yellowish with increase in the pH of film solution.     

刑事图像技术的应用与研究

刑事图像技术是刑事科学的重要组成部分：是检验、固定痕迹物证的一种方法。刑事图像的重大应用在于扩大人类的视野，显示肉眼看不到或看不清的重要细节，以便揭露和证实犯罪。     

Influence of Polyalkylmethacrylate VII on Boundary Film Formation,Friction,Wear and Efficiency of Lubricants

1 Influence of PAMAon Boundary Fil mFormation and Friction1.1 Experi mental methodsUltra-thin optical interferometry has been used tostudy thinlubricating fil ms for more than a decade and theexperi mental details of this technique have been reportedpreviously[1].The principle of the test setup is shown inFigure1.A polished steel ball is loaded and rolled againstthe flat surface of a glass disc that is coated with a thinsemi-reflecting chromiumlayer and a silica spacer of about500nmthickne…     

Nonstationary Simulation Model of Absorber with Falling Film of Suspension

A nonstationary model of SO₂ absorption from a gas phase to a countercurrent falling film of absorbing slurry was developed. Laminar, wavy and turbulent film structures were considered based on published information. Resistances to the mass transfer on the gas and the liquid sides of the interphase were considered, together with chemical reactions in the liquid phase. Relevant chemical equilibria in the liquid phase were modeled. Original experimental data on the neutralization reagent dissolution rate presented as a polydispersed two‐phase system of solids and on the rate of dissolved sulfite oxidation were used. The model was verified with experimental data from a laboratory‐scale falling‐film absorber using a single vertical tube under various geometrical and operating conditions, and a very good agreement was found with the experiment. Parametric sensitivity analysis showed the critical parts of the model.     

Gamma-irradiation-induced Ag/SiO2 composite films and their optical absorption properties

Small Ag particles or clusters dispersed mesoporous SiO₂ composite films were prepared by a new method: First the matrix SiO₂ films were prepared by sol-gel process combined with the dip-coating technique, then they were soaked in AgNO₃ solutions followed by irradiation of γ-ray at room temperature and in ambient pressure. The structures of these films were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), and optical absorption spectroscopy. It has been shown that the Ag particles grown within the porous SiO₂ films are very small, and they are isolated and dispersed from each other with very narrow size distributions. With increasing the soaking concentration and an additional annealing, an opposite peakshift effect of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was observed in the optical absorption measurements.     

二氧化锡溅射工艺研究

SnO2 是最早使用也是目前使用最广泛的一种气敏材料 ,使用该材料设计制作的气敏传感器具有许多优点。在简要介绍溅射镀膜的成膜过程和特点的基础上 ,着重介绍了SnO2 膜的制备流程 ,分析了功率和温度变化对成膜质量的影响