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1.
PENGFEI ZHANG  SHAOPENG WANG 《Biocell》2021,45(6):1449-1451
The exosome-mediated response can promote or restrain the diseases by regulating the intracellular pathways, making the exosome become an effective marker for diagnosis and therapeutic control at the single-cell level. However, real-time analysis is hard to be achieved with traditional approaches because the exosomes usually need to be enriched by ultracentrifugation for a measurable signal-to-noise ratio. Recently developed label-free single-molecule imaging approaches may become an real-time quantitative tool for the analysis of single exosomes and related secretion behaviors of single living cells owing to their extreme sensitivity.  相似文献   
2.
Surface patterning is a recent promising approach to promote performance of pressure-driven membranes in water treatment and desalination. Nevertheless, knowledge about foulant deposition mechanisms, especially at early stage of filtration, is still lacking. The applicability of particle imaging velocimetry to study fluid characteristics atop surface patterned thin-film composite membranes was investigated at different operating conditions. This work is an important first step toward reliable understanding of the impacts of topographical membrane surface modification on hydrodynamic conditions and foulant deposition mechanisms.  相似文献   
3.
Reconstruction of spectral information based on multi‐channel image system is a significant problem in color reproduction, detection, and recognition. A spectral radiance reconstruction from trichromatic digital camera responses is researched in this article. The mapping relationship between the trichromatic imaging system response and the incident spectral radiance is analyzed. Then, in order to remove the ill‐posedness of the problem, a regularized constraint solution model of spectral radiance reconstruction matrix is established. And the spectral radiance can be reconstructed by spectral radiance reconstruction matrices and trichromatic imaging system response. Finally, the spectral radiance reconstruction matrix is estimated by the system radiometric calibration experiment. The input radiance is offered by a LCD display. A 3‐factor and 9‐level orthogonal test is designed for the calibration experiment, and a test set of 24 colors is used for precision analysis. The results show that the average relative mean error of our method is 8.69%, it is lower than that of Wiener filtering method by 2.84%. The method can reconstruct spectral radiance information effectively.  相似文献   
4.
Negatively charged fluorescent carbon dots (CDs, Em=608 nm) were hydrothermally prepared from thiophene phenylpropionic acid polymers and then successfully loaded with the positively charged anticancer cargo coptisine, which suffers from poor bioavailability. The formed CD-coptisine complexes were thoroughly characterized by particle size, morphology, drug loading efficiency, drug release, cellular uptake and cellular toxicity in vitro and antitumor activities in vivo. In this nano-carrier system, red emissive CDs possess multiple advantages as follows: 1) high drug loading efficiency (>96 %); 2) sustained drug release; 3) enhanced drug efficacy towards cancer cells; 4) EPR effect; 5) drug release tracing with near-infrared imaging. These properties indicated that red emissive CDs prepared from polymers could be used as a novel drug delivery system with integrated therapeutic and imaging functions in cancer therapy, which are expected to have great potential in future clinical applications.  相似文献   
5.
The construction and examination of meso-structural finite element models of a Chemical-Vapor-Infiltrated (CVI) C/SiC composite is carried out based on X-ray microtomography digital images (IB-FEM). The accurate meso-structural features of the C/SiC composites, which are consisted of carbon fiber tows and CVI-SiC matrix, in particular the cavity defects, are reconstructed. With the IB-FEM, the damage evolution and fracture behaviors of the C/SiC composite are investigated. At the same time, an in situ tensile test is applied to the C/SiC composite under a CT real-time quantitative imaging system, aiming to investigate the damage and failure features of the material as well as to verify the IB-FEM. The IB-FEM results indicate that material damage initially occur at the defects, followed by propagating toward the fiber-tow/SiC-matrix interfaces, ultimately, combined into macro-cracks, which is in good agreement with the in situ CT experiment results.  相似文献   
6.
针对密集观测场景下敏捷成像卫星任务规划问题求解空间大、输入任务序列较长的特点,综合考虑时间窗口约束、任务转移时卫星姿态调整时间、存储约束和电量约束,对敏捷成像卫星任务规划问题进行建模. 提出融合IndRNN和Pointer Networks的算法模型(Ind-PN)对敏捷成像卫星任务规划问题进行求解,使用多层的IndRNN结构作为算法模型的解码器. 基于Pointer Networks机制对输入任务序列进行选择,使用Mask向量考虑敏捷成像卫星任务规划问题中的各类约束. 基于Actor Critic强化学习算法对算法模型进行训练,以获得最大的观测收益率. 实验结果表明,对于密集观测场景下的任务规划,Ind-PN算法的收敛速度更快,可以获得更高的观测收益率.  相似文献   
7.
Wet filament winding technology has been extensively used for the manufacture of rotationally symmetric parts made of fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP). As the design and modeling of FRP-parts require numerous assumptions, deviations between calculated and achieved mechanical properties are expected. One aspect that contributes to this discrepancy is the assumption of a homogeneous rectangular cross-section of the fiber-band. In this work, the fiber-band geometry in a wet-winding process of carbon fiber cylinders is analyzed. An Infrared-optical system for the detection of the fiber bandwidth and winding-angle is implemented. The influence of the winding speed and the resin temperature is analyzed. An image processing algorithm for the automatic measurement of the fiber's bandwidth and winding-angle is developed. Manual and adaptive gamma corrections are implemented to improve image quality. A parameter study for the suitable selection of image processing parameters is performed.  相似文献   
8.
The role of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown has been recognized as being important in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. We aimed to evaluate whether regional BBB integrity differed according to sex and whether differences in BBB integrity changed as a consequence of aging or cognitive decline, using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In total, 75 participants with normal cognition (NC) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) underwent cognitive assessments and MRI examination including DCE-MRI. Regional Ktrans was calculated in cortical regions and the Patlak permeability model was used to calculate BBB permeability (Ktrans, min−1). Females had a lower median Ktrans in the cingulate and occipital cortices. In the “older old” group, sex differences in Ktrans were only observed in the occipital cortex. In the MCI group, sex differences in Ktrans were only observed in the occipital cortex. Age was the only predictor of cognitive assessment scores in the male MCI group; however, educational years and Ktrans in the occipital cortex could predict cognitive scores in the female MCI group. Our study revealed that females may have better BBB integrity in cingulate and occipital cortices. We also found that sex-related differences in BBB integrity are attenuated with aging or cognitive decline.  相似文献   
9.
蒸发是大气–土体相互作用的主要方式之一,也是改变土体水分场及影响土体工程性质的重要因素。提出采用红外热成像技术对土体水分的蒸发过程进行试验研究,共配置了3组不同厚度和初始含水率的土样,将其置于恒定温湿度条件下干燥,定时称取试样质量变化获得土样的水分蒸发过程,并利用红外热成像仪实时记录土样表面的温度场变化。结果表明:土样的蒸发速率随干燥时间可分为3个典型阶段,即常速率阶段、减速率阶段和残余阶段。作为响应,土表温度变化也呈现3个典型阶段,即恒定低温阶段、升温阶段和稳定阶段,且与蒸发阶段一一对应。基于蒸发过程中大气–土体之间的物质能量交换特征,通过理论推导,建立了土体蒸发速率与大气–土表温度差之间的线性理论关系,并进行了试验验证,发现该理论关系不受土样初始厚度和含水率的影响。研究成果表明,利用红外热成像技术开展土体蒸发特性研究是可行的,为快速掌握气候作用下土体水分蒸发过程及表面水分场的时空演化特征提供了新的技术思路。  相似文献   
10.
为了避免隧道开挖过程中由对掌子面前方地下水赋存状态探测不准而发生涌水事故,通过隧道地质超前预报TGS360系统,利用地震波信号的瞬时幅度和瞬时频率与岩体结构面的关系,准确、高效地对掌子面前方的赋水体进行探测,同时基于TGS360pro隧道超前预报系统原理,采用谱元法对掌子面前方存在充水溶洞的地质模型进行数值正演模拟,在波场分析的基础上,对正演所得地震波场记录数据进行Hilbert变换,得到了应力变化曲线。数值分析结果表明:TGS360pro隧道超前预报系统可以有效地探测掌子面前方富水状况,在隧道开挖建设中具有推广应用前景。  相似文献   
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