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1.
Deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils in the brain is a key pathologic hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. A class of polyphenolic biflavonoids is known to have anti-amyloidogenic effects by inhibiting aggregation of Aβ and promoting disaggregation of Aβ fibrils. In the present study, we further sought to investigate the structural basis of the Aβ disaggregating activity of biflavonoids and their interactions at the atomic level. A thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence assay revealed that amentoflavone-type biflavonoids promote disaggregation of Aβ fibrils with varying potency due to specific structural differences. The computational analysis herein provides the first atomistic details for the mechanism of Aβ disaggregation by biflavonoids. Molecular docking analysis showed that biflavonoids preferentially bind to the aromatic-rich, partially ordered N-termini of Aβ fibril via the π–π interactions. Moreover, docking scores correlate well with the ThT EC50 values. Molecular dynamic simulations revealed that biflavonoids decrease the content of β-sheet in Aβ fibril in a structure-dependent manner. Hydrogen bond analysis further supported that the substitution of hydroxyl groups capable of hydrogen bond formation at two positions on the biflavonoid scaffold leads to significantly disaggregation of Aβ fibrils. Taken together, our data indicate that biflavonoids promote disaggregation of Aβ fibrils due to their ability to disrupt the fibril structure, suggesting biflavonoids as a lead class of compounds to develop a therapeutic agent for Alzheimer’s disease.  相似文献   
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逆变型分布式电源(IBDG)的输出由其控制策略决定而具有很强的非线性,使传统配电网的短路电流计算方法不再适用,而配电网的不对称更是进一步增加了其短路计算的难度。根据对称分量法推导出不平衡配电网的故障点各序电流,提出一种基于序网络迭代修正的不平衡配电网短路电流计算方法,在每一次迭代中,根据当前节点各序电压分别修正IBDG的输出电流和各不对称元件补偿电流源的输出电流,利用节点电压方程得到新的节点各序电压和故障点各序电流,直到满足收敛条件。最后,基于PSCAD/EMTDC对含IBDG不平衡配电网的进行了仿真计算,验证了所提方法的准确性和有效性。  相似文献   
4.
The Gli-B1-encoded γ-gliadins and non-coding γ-gliadin DNA sequences for 15 different alleles of common wheat have been compared using seven tests: electrophoretic mobility (EM) and molecular weight (MW) of the encoded major γ-gliadin, restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns (RFLPs) (three different markers), Gli-B1-γ-gliadin-pseudogene known SNP markers (Single nucleotide polymorphisms) and sequencing the pseudogene GAG56B. It was discovered that encoded γ-gliadins, with contrasting EM, had similar MWs. However, seven allelic variants (designated from I to VII) differed among them in the other six tests: I (alleles Gli-B1i, k, m, o), II (Gli-B1n, q, s), III (Gli-B1b), IV (Gli-B1e, f, g), V (Gli-B1h), VI (Gli-B1d) and VII (Gli-B1a). Allele Gli-B1c (variant VIII) was identical to the alleles from group IV in four of the tests. Some tests might show a fine difference between alleles belonging to the same variant. Our results attest in favor of the independent origin of at least seven variants at the Gli-B1 locus that might originate from deeply diverged genotypes of the donor(s) of the B genome in hexaploid wheat and therefore might be called “heteroallelic”. The donor’s particularities at the Gli-B1 locus might be conserved since that time and decisively contribute to the current high genetic diversity of common wheat.  相似文献   
5.
In this study, we investigate the immunomodulatory effects of a novel antimicrobial peptide, YD1, isolated from Kimchi, in both in vitro and in vivo models. We establish that YD1 exerts its anti-inflammatory effects via up-regulation of the Nrf2 pathway, resulting in the production of HO-1, which suppresses activation of the NF-κB pathway, including the subsequent proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. We also found that YD1 robustly suppresses nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by down-regulating the expression of the upstream genes, iNOS and COX-2, acting as a strong antioxidant. Collectively, YD1 exhibits vigorous anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, presenting it as an interesting potential therapeutic agent.  相似文献   
6.
Owing to the prohibition of cosmetic animal testing, various attempts have recently been made using skin-on-a-chip (SOC) technology as a replacement for animal testing. Previously, we reported the development of a pumpless SOC capable of drug testing with a simple drive using the principle that the medium flows along the channel by gravity when the chip is tilted using a microfluidic channel. In this study, using pumpless SOC, instead of drug testing at the single-cell level, we evaluated the efficacy of α-lipoic acid (ALA), which is known as an anti-aging substance in skin equivalents, for skin tissue and epidermal structure formation. The expression of proteins and changes in genotyping were compared and evaluated. Hematoxylin and eosin staining for histological analysis showed a difference in the activity of fibroblasts in the dermis layer with respect to the presence or absence of ALA. We observed that the epidermis layer became increasingly prominent as the culture period was extended by treatment with 10 μM ALA. The expression of epidermal structural proteins of filaggrin, involucrin, keratin 10, and collagen IV increased because of the effect of ALA. Changes in the epidermis layer were noticeable after the ALA treatment. As a result of aging, damage to the skin-barrier function and structural integrity is reduced, indicating that ALA has an anti-aging effect. We performed a gene analysis of filaggrin, involucrin, keratin 10, integrin, and collagen I genes in ALA-treated human skin equivalents, which indicated an increase in filaggrin gene expression after ALA treatment. These results indicate that pumpless SOC can be used as an in vitro skin model similar to human skin, protein and gene expression can be analyzed, and it can be used for functional drug tests of cosmetic materials in the future. This technology is expected to contribute to the development of skin disease models.  相似文献   
7.
使用马来酸酐(MA)、乙酸乙烯酯(VA)、乙烯基磺酸钠(VS)和2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)合成了一种四元共聚物阻垢剂MA-VA-VS-AMPS,并探究其在高Ca2+质量浓度和高矿化度环境中的阻垢机理。采用FT-IR分析阻垢剂结构,研究了阻垢剂质量浓度、Ca2+质量浓度、溶液温度和pH值等因素在静态条件下对阻垢剂阻垢性能的影响;利用动态流动测试方法评价阻垢剂在动态条件下的阻垢率;采用Materials studio(MS)中分子动力学模拟方法计算阻垢剂与CaCO3之间的结合能;采用扫描电镜(SEM)和X-射线衍射(XRD)仪分析CaCO3晶体的形貌和晶型。结果表明:在静态测试条件下,MA-VA-VS-AMPS的阻垢率是99.3%;在动态测试条件下,MA-VA-VS-AMPS的阻垢率为96.8%,且阻垢剂使CaCO3发生变形, Ca2+和阻垢剂中的O之间形成了化学键,阻垢剂与CaCO3发生吸附作用。  相似文献   
8.
低压电流互感器作为电网中的关键设备,已经得到广泛使用。低压电流互感器故障诊断的在线检定也显得十分重要。提出了一种改进的全局平均池化的一维卷积神经网络(1DCNN-SVM)故障诊断模型应用于低压电流互感器在线检定。该方法改进了传统卷积神经网络(CNN)模型的结构,引入全局平均池化而不是全连接网络结构,并在测试阶段使用支持向量机(SVM)替代Softmax函数。通过进行实验分析,将所提的方法与传统的CNN进行实验对比,实验结果表明所提方法在训练时间、测试时间以及模型的测试精度等方面的表现都比传统的CNN结构模型要好。  相似文献   
9.
刘璐  庞杰 《粮油食品科技》2021,29(2):129-134
凝胶是一种性质介于固体和液体之间的特殊分散体系,魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)凝胶稳定性差、强度低,物理共混能方便、快捷地改善其凝胶性质。主要综述KGM复合凝胶的网络结构变化,并介绍不同复合凝胶在食品、医药、材料工程等领域的应用。分析表明,KGM复合凝胶网络能通过氢键、席夫碱反应、形成多重网络结构和填充的方式改善其凝胶特性。  相似文献   
10.
为延长带鱼鱼丸保质期,以带鱼鱼丸为原料,分别在250、300、350 MPa压力下处理5 min,以冷藏期间鱼丸菌落总数、总挥发性盐基氮(total volatile base nitrogen,TVB-N)含量、pH值为指标,并结合感官评价、色值、凝胶强度及质地剖面分析,探究超高压处理对冷藏带鱼鱼丸保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:超高压处理可显著降低贮藏期内鱼丸菌落总数、TVB-N含量,延缓pH值的增加;超高压处理对鱼丸色泽无负面影响,同时能较好保持鱼丸冷藏期间感官特性、色值、凝胶强度、硬度及弹性。对照组和超高压组鱼丸的菌落总数分别在冷藏的第21天和第56天超出105 CFU/g;随冷藏时间延长,对照组鱼丸感官评分明显下降,贮藏14 d后产生异味,第21天时感官已不可接受;超高压组鱼丸感官评分在贮藏35 d内均无明显变化,其中300 MPa处理5 min组在冷藏49 d后感官评分仍在5 分以上,但第56天时感官不可接受。综合考虑,对带鱼鱼丸进行300 MPa超高压处理5 min,可延长其冷藏货架期约35 d。该结果可以为超高压技术在鱼糜制品保鲜中的应用提供依据。  相似文献   
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