Sustainable phenolic thermosets coatings derived from urushiol

The over-exploitation of finite fossil resources and/or the increased environmental and sustainable awareness inspire scientists and technologists to search for inexpensive alternatives from renewable chemicals. Phenol formaldehyde (PF) resins, the oldest type of synthetic polymers with good mechanical properties and heat resistance, are widely used in the production of coatings, laminates, molding compositions, and glues. Here, biobased urushiol-derived PF resins were synthesized from the alkali-catalyzed reaction between urushiol and formaldehyde. The chemical compositions and molecular structures of resole resins were characterized by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and their curing behaviors were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The as-prepared urushiol-derived resole resins had methylol (Ph−CH₂OH), ortho- and para-hemiformal groups (Ph−CH₂OCH₂OH), and the para−para/ortho−para/ortho−ortho links of methylene groups (Ph−CH₂−Ph), whereas the resole resins had low curing temperatures at about 100–113°C. Additionally, given the long side alkyl group moiety on the aromatic rings of urushiol, the films of cured urushiol-derived resole resins had low glass transition temperatures of 132 ± 2°C. Furthermore, the as-prepared urushiol-derived coatings exhibited excellent physical and mechanical properties.     

中国传统饮食文化融入食育路径研究

为国民身体素质、探索具有中国特色的现代食育之路，必须深入分析与探索中国饮食文化中的食育理念。文章以传统饮食文化为出发点和落脚点，概括出医食同源、饮食有节、饮食有礼等先进的食育观点。分析传统饮食与现代食育的关系，认为食育是弘扬传统饮食文化的重要途径，传统饮食文化是发展现代食育的基础。但探索现代食育仍面临着西方快餐文化冲击和国民食育进程缓慢等困境，必须采取强化国民食育意识、加强食育法制建设、健全食育教育体系、推进食育试点工作等措施促进中国传统饮食文化融入食育体系建设，真正探索具有中国特色的食育之路。     

妈祖文化视域下的表情符号设计研究

目的 基于妈祖文化的视角,探究妈祖文化与表情符号设计融合的可能性,打造表情文化产业链,为表情符号的设计开发提供更多的机遇,推动了妈祖文化的对外传播.方法 以妈祖文化为切入点,分析表情符号设计与妈祖文化跨界融合发展的优势.同时,借助具体的案例来阐述两者结合所产生的积极意义,表明巧妙应用妈祖文化的可行性.结论 妈祖文化的融入为表情符号的发展增添了浓墨重彩的一笔,对于增强文化气息及开拓设计思路都发挥着重要作用,易于激发受众的情绪、记忆,引起受众情感和心理的共鸣,从而创造符合受众审美情趣和思维方式的设计作品.由此可见,深入把握两者的关联性,有助于催生新的文化产业形态、传承妈祖文化、开辟表情符号设计新路径.     

Single-Cell Microgels for Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Cell encapsulation within hydrogel droplets is transforming what is feasible in multiple fields of biomedical science such as tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, in vitro modeling, and cell-based therapies. Recent advances have allowed researchers to miniaturize material encapsulation complexes down to single-cell scales, where each complex, termed a single-cell microgel, contains only one cell surrounded by a hydrogel matrix while remaining <100 μm in size. With this achievement, studies requiring single-cell resolution are now possible, similar to those done using liquid droplet encapsulation. Of particular note, applications involving long-term in vitro cultures, modular bioinks, high-throughput screenings, and formation of 3D cellular microenvironments can be tuned independently to suit the needs of individual cells and experimental goals. In this progress report, an overview of established materials and techniques used to fabricate single-cell microgels, as well as insight into potential alternatives is provided. This focused review is concluded by discussing applications that have already benefited from single-cell microgel technologies, as well as prospective applications on the cusp of achieving important new capabilities.     

中国传统白酒中微量成分的来源与作用

根据中国传统白酒微量成分研究取得的新成果,系统地总结了微量成分来源及其作用。主要来源有3条途径:发酵过程中微生物和酶的催化反应、贮存过程中的化学变化和生产原料特殊成分的化学反应,主要起到了呈香呈味、成格成型和生理功能三方面的作用。生产原料对中国传统白酒微量成分的影响、高产白酒主体风味成分的基因菌构建与应用和白酒功能因子的深入研究等方向是未来研究的重点。     

荸荠皮酚类物质超声波辅助提取工艺优化

采用超声波辅助提取荸荠皮中的酚类物质,考察溶剂种类、料液比、提取温度、超声功率及超声时间对酚类物质提取率的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,确定最佳提取溶剂,并利用响应面法优化工艺条件。结果表明,荸荠皮总酚的最佳提取工艺条件为:甲醇提取,料液比1:15 (g/mL),提取温度55℃,超声功率270 W,超声时间55 min,该条件下总酚含量的最大响应值为4. 42 mg/g;荸荠皮总黄酮最佳提取工艺条件为:甲醇提取,料液比1:20 (g/mL),提取温度60℃,超声功率240 W,超声时间55 min,该条件下总黄酮含量的最大响应值为15. 20 mg/g。     

高职院校英语课堂的文化渗透研究

当代社会,高职院校迫切需要培养高素质技术技能型复合人才,其中高素质可以从培养学生文化素质方面提高。高职英语教师可通过口头、PPT、微课、第二课堂等方式在课内课外、线上线下渗透中外文化知识,进而提升学生对中国传统文化的自信心,拓展文化领域,开阔思路,提高综合素质。     

两株小球藻培养基的优化及其产EPA性能的研究

采用L18(37)正交法优化小球藻C95和小球藻C97的生长培养基,经15 L规模培养并收获小球藻;碱性乙醇法萃取游离脂肪酸,再经脲素包埋提取多不饱和脂肪酸,并用气相色谱检测二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA)的含量。研究结果表明:小球藻C95最优培养基(微量元素母液0.8 m L/L,维生素母液2.4 mL/L,NaH2PO4·2H2O6.0 g/L,Na2SiO3·9H2O 9.0 g/L,NaNO360.0 g/L,FeC6H5O7·5H2O 3.0 g/L);小球藻C97最优培养基(微量元素母液1.6 m L/L,维生素母液2.4 m L/L,NaH2PO4·2H2O 4.0 g/L,Na2SiO3·9H2O 11.0 g/L,NaNO380.0 g/L,FeC6H5O7·5H2O 3.0 g/L);小球藻C95和小球藻C97对数末期(分别是第4天和第5天)达到的细胞密度分别为9.53×10^7个/mL和8.91×10^7个/mL,EPA含量分别占总脂肪酸的30.2%和29.5%,小球藻C95的EPA含量要高于小球藻C97。