有机锡化合物引发D,L-丙交酯的开环聚合

D,L-丙交酯在有机锡化合物四苯基锡(Ph4Sn)、三正丁基醋酸锡(Bu3SnOAc)、辛酸亚锡(SnOct2)等催化剂引发下开环聚合,得到高分子量的聚D,L-乳酸,讨论了聚合单体D,L-丙交酯纯度、聚合温度、聚合时间、聚合体系真空度以及引发剂有机锡催化剂与聚合单体D,L-丙交酯的比例对聚D,L-乳酸合成的影响,通过红外光谱和核磁共振光谱对聚D,L-乳酸的结构进行了表征。实验结果表明,D,L-丙交酯开环聚合反应的较佳工艺路线是:D,L-丙交酯重结晶5次,聚合温度140℃,聚合时间24 h,聚合体系真空度13.3~133.3 Pa,引发剂有机锡催化剂与单体D,L-丙交酯比例0.2‰~0.5‰,此时聚D,L-乳酸的粘均分子量最高,分别达到32.46×104,33.43×104和41.36×104。     

PLLA-PEG-PLLA三嵌段共聚物的合成及性能

以萘钾和聚乙二醇形成大分子引发剂,在超声波震荡下引发L-丙交酯开环共聚,合成出不同EO/LA物质的量比的PLLA-PEG-PLLA三嵌段共聚物。利用FT-IR和1HNMR表征了三嵌段共聚物的结构。通过接触角和吸水率测试表明共聚物的亲水性是随着EO含量的增大而增强。采用DSC和POM研究共聚物的热性能和结晶形貌表明,共聚物各段熔点比各自均聚物低且有一个Tg,由于共聚物中EO/LA物质的量比的不同,表现出某段的单独结晶或两段都不结晶。因此,可通过改变嵌段含量,制备不同性能的材料,扩大聚乳酸的应用范围。     

氮气鼓泡法制备L-丙交酯的新工艺

用氮气鼓泡法成功制得了L-丙交酯,此工艺路线中,氮气温度对丙交酯的生成至关重要,所得L-丙交酯粗品的纯度和产率比减压蒸馏所得L-丙交酯粗品的纯度和产率要高;用填料装置可完全吸收丙交酯;用活性炭对L-丙交酯粗品进行脱色比用沉淀法脱色效果好,收率较高。     

聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)纳米纤维的电纺研究

对生物可吸收聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)体系进行了静电纺丝.研究了聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)的浓度,加料速度,电压,喷头与接收体之间的距离等因素对纤维形态的影响,制备出纳米纤维膜,并用扫描电镜(SEM)等对纤维膜进行表征.结果表明,电纺溶液浓度和溶剂对纤维直径影响比较明显,减小电纺溶液浓度和采用复合溶剂CHCl3/DMF可得到更细的纳米纤维;一定范围内适当的增加电压、减小距离和减小加料速度有利于减小纤维直径.在聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)浓度为5g/100mL溶剂、加料速度1mL/h、喷头与接收体之间的距离6cm、电压15kV电纺条件下,可制备直径50nm左右的聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)纳米纤维膜.     

PLLA-PDLA共聚物薄膜的结晶形态

利用旋涂法制备一系列的聚左旋-右旋乳酸共聚物（PLLA-PDLA）薄膜,对其进行等温结晶处理。利用差示扫描量热仪、原子力显微镜、X-射线衍射仪等手段研究了体系的热性能、结晶形态、晶体结构等性能。结果表明,PLLA-PDLA共聚物在128～153 ℃呈现明显结晶峰,利用原子力显微镜得到PLLA-PDLA共聚物样品在不同温度、不同浓度、不同时间、不同溶剂、不同基底条件下的结晶形态,得到不同尺寸的棒状和支化结构晶体,尤其在玻璃基底上形成细的支化结构且互相缠绕,表面的覆盖密度比硅片高的结晶形态。X-射线衍射分析表明在12.01 °、20.88 °和24.18 °处出现明显的结晶衍射峰。     

环烷氧锡引发L-丙交酯的开环聚合

以环烷氧锡化合物引发L-丙交酯开环聚合制备高分子量聚L-乳酸。考察了单体引发剂配比、聚合温度和聚合时间等聚合条件对聚合产物特性黏度的影响。用1H-NMR、13C-NMR分析聚合产物微观结构表明,环烷氧锡引发L-丙交酯开环聚合是基于酰氧键断裂开环聚合的“配位-插入”机理。DSC、TGA、XRD等测试结果表明,所得聚L-乳酸具有较高的结晶度和立构规整度。     

Synthesis of Ultra-high Weight Average Molecular Mass of Poly-L-lactide

High purity in high yield L-lactide was prepared using a new purification method, and poly-L-lactide (PLLA) with ultra-high weight average molecular mass and narrow polydispersity index was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization. The effects of the purification method on the purity and yield of L-lactide were investigated, and the influences of initiator concentration, polymerization temperature and polymerization time on the weight average molecular mass of PLLA were also studied. A synthetic purification method involving a water bath and two times recrystallization could improve the purity of L-lactide to 100%. The yield of L-lactide reached 40.6% and increased 12.1% compared with the recrystallization method. Poly-L-lactide with a weight average molecular mass of about 102.4 × 10⁴ and a polydispersity index of 1.16 was obtained when polymerization was conducted with molar ratio of monomer to initiator ([M]/[I]) of 12000 for 24 h at 140°C.     

含PLA-PEG-PLA三嵌段共聚物的 可降解聚氨酯的合成及表征

用聚乙二醇（PEG）和左旋丙交酯（L－LA）合成了不同比例的聚乳酸－聚乙二醇三嵌段共聚物（PLA-PEG-PLA）,通过傅立叶变换红外光谱分析（FTIR）和核磁共振(1H NMR)测试分析了所得嵌段共聚物的结构。并以此嵌段共聚物为软段,用溶液法和六亚甲基二异氰酸酯（HDI）和扩链剂（BDO）以不同的比例合成了一系列聚氨酯,通过傅立叶变换红外光谱分析（FTIR）和差动量热扫描分析（DSC）表征聚氨酯结构。对此聚氨酯在37 ℃的PBS缓冲溶液（pH＝7.4）中进行模拟体内环境的降解测试,通过失重率来评价聚氨酯的降解速率,结果表明降解速度与软硬段比例,共聚物中PEG/PLA的比例有关。并且实验表明此材料不会引起红细胞发生溶血。因此这种新型可降解聚氨酯材料可以根据各组分以及组分比例来调整聚合物的降解速率,此材料将在组织工程支架以及药物缓释载体领域有广阔的应用前景。     

HECS-g-PDLLA共聚物的微波合成及与聚乳酸的相容性

在微波作用下,以辛酸亚锡为催化剂,羟乙基壳聚糖（HECS）为大分子引发剂引发D,L-丙交酯（D,L-LA）开环聚合制备羟乙基壳聚糖-g-聚乳酸（HECS-g-PDLLA）,通过红外（IR）、元素分析（EA）、氢核磁共振（1H-NMR）、X射线衍射（XRD）和差示扫描量热分析（DSC）对产物进行了表征。然后采用溶液共混法...     

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Very High Dose Local Vessel Wall Statin Administration: Poly(L,L-Lactide) Biodegradable Microspheres with Simvastatin for Drug Delivery System (DDS)

Atherosclerosis involves an ongoing inflammatory response of the vascular endothelium and vessel wall of the aorta and vein. The pleiotropic effects of statins have been well described in many in vitro and in vivo studies, but these effects are difficult to achieve in clinical practice due to the low bioavailability of statins and their first-pass metabolism in the liver. The aim of this study was to test a vessel wall local drug delivery system (DDS) using PLA microstructures loaded with simvastatin. Wistar rats were fed high cholesterol chow as a model. The rat vessels were chemically injured by repeated injections of perivascular paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil. The vessels were then cultured and treated by the injection of several concentrations of poly(L,L-lactide) microparticles loaded with the high local HMG-CoA inhibitor simvastatin (0.58 mg/kg) concentration (SVPLA). Histopathological examinations of the harvested vessels and vital organs after 24 h, 7 days and 4 weeks were performed. Microcirculation in mice as an additional test was performed to demonstrate the safety of this approach. A single dose of SVPLA microspheres with an average diameter of 6.4 μm and a drug concentration equal to 8.1% of particles limited the inflammatory reaction of the endothelium and vessel wall and had no influence on microcirculation in vivo or in vitro. A potent pleiotropic (anti-inflammatory) effect of simvastatin after local SVPLA administration was observed. Moreover, significant concentrations of free simvastatin were observed in the vessel wall (compared to the maximum serum level). In addition, it appeared that simvastatin, once locally administered as SVPLA particles, exerted potent pleiotropic effects on chemically injured vessels and presented anti-inflammatory action. Presumably, this effect was due to the high local concentrations of simvastatin. No local or systemic side effects were observed. This approach could be useful for local simvastatin DDSs when high, local drug concentrations are difficult to obtain, or systemic side effects are present.