基于双层修正无迹卡尔曼的水下节点定位算法* .txt

摘要：针对水下无线传感网络中运动节点定位精度低的问题，提出了一种新的基于双层修正无迹卡尔曼的水下节点定位算法(DLMUKF)。该算法利用下层无迹卡尔曼滤波算法对节点状态进行预测，根据各信标节点的测距传播时延对预测的节点状态进行修正。运用上层无迹卡尔曼滤波算法对修正后的状态进行新的预测与修正。仿真实验中，DLMUKF算法的平均定位误差约为传统多边定位算法的15%，约为基于无迹卡尔曼滤波（UKF）定位算法的16%，受节点运动时间与速度的影响最小。通过实验证明DLMUKF算法能更充分利用实际距离值，可以有效减小运动节点的定位误差。 .txt     

Neural network-based learning and estimation of battery state-of-charge: A comparison study between direct and indirect methodology

Faced with the ever-increasing urban environmental pollution, the electric vehicles (EVs) have received increasing attention in the automotive industry. Lithium-ion batteries, serving as electrochemical power storage, have been extensively used in EVs because of the lightweight, no local pollution and high power density. The increasing awareness on the safe operation and reliability of the battery requires an efficient battery management system (BMS), among the parameters monitored by which, state-of-charge (SOC) is critical in preventing overcharge, deep discharge, and irreversible damage. This article investigates the neural network (NN)-based modeling, learning, and estimation of SOC by comparing two different methodologies, that is, direct structure with SOC as network output and indirect structure with voltage as output. Firstly, the nonlinear autoregressive exogenous neural network (NARX-NN) is introduced, in which SOC is directly deemed as an NN output for learning and estimation. Secondly, a radial basis function (RBF)-based NN with unscented Kalman filter (RBFNN-UKF) is proposed, in which the terminal voltage is used as output. Instead, SOC is deemed as an internal state which would be estimated indirectly based on the feedback error of voltage. Experimental results demonstrate that both estimators can achieve accurate SOC estimation for regular cases, in spite of the inaccurate initial conditions. However, the direct NN structure is revealed as not capable of dealing with the cases with sensor bias, which, however, can be well accommodated in the indirect structure by extending the sensor bias as an augmented state. Benefiting from the uncertainty augmentation and feedback compensation, the indirect RBFNN-UKF shows superiority over the direct estimation in the practical experiments, depicting a promising prospect in the future onboard EV-BMS application.     

再入弹道估计中动力学模型和“当前”统计模型的性能比较

飞行器在再入段的弹道可用较为精确的模型描述,利用UKF,分别结合动力学模型和＂当前＂统计模型,对再入弹道（弹道式和机动式）进行了估计,并就其滤波性能进行了对比分析.仿真结果表明,在对弹道式再入飞行器弹道的实时滤波中,BRV-Exp模型要比CS模型更为合适,弹道估计精度得到明显提高;在对机动式再入飞行器弹道的实时滤波中,MRV-Wiener模型并不优于CS模型.     

基于UKF和IGG改进聚类算法的特高压交流输电线路参数辨识

为有效辨识特/超高压交流输电线路的实时运行参数,尽可能剔除相量测量单元(PMU)量测数据存在的随机噪声,提出一种改进算法。该算法首先采用无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)对原始量测数据进行初始滤波,然后通过分布参数等值电路模型辨识线路参数,最后利用三段式IGG(Institute of GeodesyGeophysics)原理设置权函数的改进聚类方法对辨识的参数进行聚类处理,将多时间断面的参数聚类中心作为线路参数最终辨识结果。对1000k V特高压交流示范工程晋东南-南阳-荆门线路进行仿真分析,算例仿真结果表明了新型混合算法的准确性与有效性。     

最佳自适应无迹卡尔曼滤波算法应用研究

在无迹卡尔曼滤波的实际应用中,前一时刻状态参数估值异常误差和动力学模型异常误差通过状态转移方程影响预测状态信息,从而直接影响滤波解的精度。将最佳自适应因子引入无迹卡尔曼滤波中,得到最佳自适应无迹卡尔曼滤波,通过最佳自适应因子来调节预测状态向量的协方差矩阵,即调整预测状态信息对滤波解的贡献,从而可以控制前一时刻状态参数估值异常误差和动力学模型异常误差对滤波解的影响,提高滤波解的精度。     

Critical evaluation of non-linear filter configurations for the state estimation of Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor

A systematic approach has been attempted to design a non-linear observer to estimate the states of a non-linear system. The neural network based state filtering algorithm proposed by A.G. Parlos et al. has been used to estimate the state variables, concentration and temperature in the Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) process. (CSTR) is a typical chemical reactor system with complex nonlinear dynamics characteristics. The variables which characterize the quality of the final product in CSTR are often difficult to measure in real-time and cannot be directly measured using the feedback configuration. In this work, the comparison of the performances of an extended Kalman filter (EKF), unscented Kalman filter (UKF) and neural network (NN) based state filter for CSTR that rely solely on concentration estimation of CSTR via measured reactor temperature has been done. The performances of these three filters are analyzed in simulation with Gaussian noise source under various operating conditions and model uncertainties.     

A hybrid evolutionary dynamic neural network for stock market trend analysis and prediction using unscented Kalman filter

Stock market prediction is of great interest to stock traders and investors due to high profit in trading the stocks. A successful stock buying/selling generally occurs near price trend turning point. Thus the prediction of stock market indices and its analysis are important to ascertain whether the next day's closing price would increase or decrease. This paper, therefore, presents a simple IIR filter based dynamic neural network (DNN) and an innovative optimized adaptive unscented Kalman filter for forecasting stock price indices of four different Indian stocks, namely the Bombay stock exchange (BSE), the IBM stock market, RIL stock market, and Oracle stock market. The weights of the dynamic neural information system are adjusted by four different learning strategies that include gradient calculation, unscented Kalman filter (UKF), differential evolution (DE), and a hybrid technique (DEUKF) by alternately executing the DE and UKF for a few generations. To improve the performance of both the UKF and DE algorithms, adaptation of certain parameters in both these algorithms has been presented in this paper. After predicting the stock price indices one day to one week ahead time horizon, the stock market trend has been analyzed using several important technical indicators like the moving average (MA), stochastic oscillators like K and D parameters, WMS%R (William indicator), etc. Extensive computer simulations are carried out with the four learning strategies for prediction of stock indices and the up or down trends of the indices. From the results it is observed that significant accuracy is achieved using the hybrid DEUKF algorithm in comparison to others that include only DE, UKF, and gradient descent technique in chronological order. Comparisons with some of the widely used neural networks (NNs) are also presented in the paper.     

基于“当前”统计模型的自适应不敏卡尔曼滤波算法

基于机动目标"当前"统计模型在直角坐标系下建立了三坐标雷达跟踪系统的状态方程和观测方程。针对非线性自适应滤波这一问题,提出了一种基于"当前"统计模型的自适应不敏卡尔曼滤波算法(CS-UKF),并对算法作了说明。通过计算机仿真验证了CS-UKF算法的有效性,并且该算法跟踪效果良好,精度好于基于"当前"统计模型的自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波算法(CS-EKF)算法。     

UKF强跟踪滤波在组合导航故障诊断中的应用

针对组合导航系统故障诊断,在强跟踪滤波理论的基础上,对无迹卡尔曼(UKF)强跟踪滤波法进行了研究.UKF强跟踪滤波法兼具UKF和强跟踪滤波器的优点:较强的处理非线性问题的能力和强跟踪能力.最后,将该方法应用于组合导航系统故障诊断,设置不同的故障模式,与强跟踪滤波法进行了对比仿真研究.从仿真结果可看出,两种方法对硬故障的灵敏度接近,UKF强跟踪滤波法对软故障的灵敏度明显高于强跟踪滤波方法.由此证明UKF强跟踪滤波器对于突变状态具有强跟踪能力,对于缓变故障具有优于其他方法(强跟踪滤波)的敏感能力,提高了组合导航系统的精度、可靠性和安全性,可应用于工程实际.     

自适应渐消UKF算法及其在仅测角被动定位中的应用

针对仅测角被动定位受多径、镜像和干扰源影响,噪声无法准确建模,传统EKF及其改进滤波算法容易发散的问题,将自适应渐消因子引入UKF算法中,调整滤波增益以及状态误差协方差矩阵,提出一种自适应渐消UKF算法,给出了具体的计算流程。仿真了不同雷达诱饵布置干扰下滤波算法的稳定性。仿真结果表明,与传统的EKF以及自适应渐消EKF算法相比,该算法收敛速度更快,稳定性更好。