石墨烯生物毒性的计算机模拟研究进展

石墨烯是一种由平整的单层碳原子密集堆积成二维蜂窝晶格的碳纳米材料，具有优异的光学、电学、力学等特性，在生物医药、材料学等领域具有重要的应用前景。随着石墨烯在以上研究领域的广泛应用，其生物安全性问题也备受关注。尽管有大量研究表明石墨烯的生物相容性较好，但是部分研究却发现石墨烯具有一定的生物毒性。石墨烯粒径小，容易通过皮肤进入体内，可能与蛋白质、脂质或核酸等生物大分子相互作用。近年来，由于计算机模拟技术具有成本低、安全性高、易获得实验无法获取的动态结构等优势而被广泛用于生物、化学、制药等领域。本文综述了石墨烯与细胞膜、蛋白质和DNA等生物大分子相互作用的计算机模拟研究进展，从而评估石墨烯可能存在的生物毒性，为石墨烯的生物安全性评价和生物医学应用提供了参考。     

自由电子激光中相对论性电子束的电荷波和电流波

本文根据电子的运动方程和泊松方程描述相对论性电子束。在电子束无微扰时，空间电荷最低消的，因而可使方程线性化。线性化了的方程有指数函数波形式ｅｘｐ的解，由此得出了电子束电子电荷波和电子电流波。     

Web-Based Semantic Similarity: An Evaluation in the Biomedical Domain

Computation of semantic similarity between concepts is a very common problem in many language related tasks and knowledge domains. In the biomedical field, several approaches have been developed to deal with this issue by exploiting the structured knowledge available in domain ontologies (such as SNOMED-CT or MeSH) and specific, closed and reliable corpora (such as clinical data). However, in recent years, the enormous growth of the Web has motivated researchers to start using it as the corpus to assist semantic analysis of language. This paper proposes and evaluates the use of the Web as background corpus for measuring the similarity of biomedical concepts. Several ontology-based similarity measures have been studied and tested, using a benchmark composed by biomedical terms, comparing the results obtained when applying them to the Web against approaches in which specific clinical data were used. Results show that the similarity values obtained from the Web for ontology-based measures are at least and even more reliable than those obtained from specific clinical data, showing the suitability of the Web as information corpus for the biomedical domain.     

一氧化氮电化学传感器及其在生物医学中的应用

一氧化氮（NO）是一种含有可以调控不断生长的生物学过程的非共享电子对的气体自由基，它由一氧化氮合成酶家族的L-精氨酸所形成。NO在人体内分布广泛，是帮助机体抵抗心血管疾病与其他疾病的信号分子。缺乏NO可能导致糖尿病、心血管疾病与其他疾病，而补充NO可预防和逆转此类疾病。NO是非常小的分子，十分活泼，半衰期短，它可以进入细胞，并向周围的细胞发出交流信号。但是，要准确检测其在生物体中的含量很困难。目前直接用于一氧化氮检测的方法不多，电化学方法尤其是电化学传感器是应用广泛的一类方法，由于其操作简单，灵敏度高，选择性好，已成为现代生物医学中研究一氧化氮的重要工具。本文主要综述近年来NO电化学传感器的研制及其在生物医学中的应用。     

纳米材料在生物医学中的应用

本文介绍了纳米材料及其复合材料在生物医学领域各方面的应用     

Generating Cloned Goats by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer—Molecular Determinants and Application to Transgenics and Biomedicine

The domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus), a mammalian species with high genetic merit for production of milk and meat, can be a tremendously valuable tool for transgenic research. This research is focused on the production and multiplication of genetically engineered or genome-edited cloned specimens by applying somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), which is a dynamically developing assisted reproductive technology (ART). The efficiency of generating the SCNT-derived embryos, conceptuses, and progeny in goats was found to be determined by a variety of factors controlling the biological, molecular, and epigenetic events. On the one hand, the pivotal objective of our paper was to demonstrate the progress and the state-of-the-art achievements related to the innovative and highly efficient solutions used for the creation of transgenic cloned does and bucks. On the other hand, this review seeks to highlight not only current goals and obstacles but also future challenges to be faced by the approaches applied to propagate genetically modified SCNT-derived goats for the purposes of pharmacology, biomedicine, nutritional biotechnology, the agri-food industry, and modern livestock breeding.     

聚氨酯水凝胶在生物医学工程中的应用

介绍了聚氨酯(PU)水凝胶在药物缓释系统、创伤敷料、接触眼镜、组织工程材料和医用胶粘剂等领域中的研究进展,探讨了PU水凝胶在生物医学工程中的应用及发展趋势。