Experimental investigation and numerical simulation analysis of sintered micro-fluidic devices

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the use of numerical simulations to describe the solid-state diffusion of a sintering stage during a metal injection moulding process for micro-fluidic components with 316L stainless steel powders. Finite element (FE) analysis based on a thermo-elasto-viscoplastic model was conducted to describe the densification process of a stainless steel porous component during solid-state sintering. The numerical analyses, which were performed on a 3D micro-structured component with various powder volume loadings to take into account the thermal debinding effect to propose a full debinding sintering simulation, demonstrated that the FE simulation results are in agreement with the experimental ones.     

Rheological and thermal debinding behaviors of silicon nitride in powder injection molding

In powder injection molding process, it is important to analyze the rheological and thermal debinding behaviors of feedstock, because they can directly affect the final quality of products. Therefore, for the silicon nitride based feedstocks, the rheological and thermal debinding behaviors were investigated and compared between feedstocks prepared with the combination of two types of powders and sintering aid ratios. At first, the optimal solids loading for each feedstock was determined based on the results of the torque rheometer experiment. The viscosity of the feedstocks was measured using the capillary rheometer, and rheological properties were evaluated with the Power Law-Arrhenius model. Silicon nitride (JPN) feedstock with 5 wt% yttria and 2 wt% alumina (JPN+5Y2A) had the highest moldability index among all feedstocks. The powders with sintering aid ratio of 5 wt% yttria and 2 wt% alumina made the feedstocks have a high moldability index. Thermogravimetric experiment was also performed to analyze the pyrolysis behavior of the feedstocks, and the apparent activation energies for each feedstock were obtained using Kissinger method with the thermogravimetric analysis results. Based on the results, the master decomposition curve (MDC) was developed, and the utility of MDC for optimizing the thermal debinding process was verified.     

掺杂EBS润滑剂的粉末冶金铝合金脱脂工艺研究

文章通过冷压-烧结制备了掺杂EBS润滑剂的粉末冶金铝合金,比较了单/多温段脱脂工艺优劣,发现多温段脱脂优于单温段脱脂,脱脂更彻底,但由于气体流量不能无限大,导致气氛脱脂得到的样品碳含量无法达到碳剩余理论值0.02%。研究了真空脱脂和空气负压脱脂机制,真空脱脂可使得EBS热分解的气态有机物和灰分从压坯表面逸出,并被及时带出炉外,最终合金碳含量接近碳剩余理论值0.02%；空气负压脱脂可使得残余碳被氧化逸出,脱碳更彻底,使样品碳含量低于碳剩余理论值。研究了脱脂工艺对合金力学性能的影响,真空脱脂合金力学性能优于气氛脱脂,相对密度最大为97.86%,拉伸强度最大为218.06MPa,接近未添加润滑剂合金的力学性能；空气负压脱脂虽然可使碳含量更低,但因脱脂过程中样品暴露在空气中,使得原料粉末也被氧化,导致最终的合金力学性能严重下降。     

LCD-SLA 3D printing of BaTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics

Stereolithography-based 3D printing is a promising method to produce complex shapes from piezoceramic materials. In this study, LCD-SLA 3D printing was used to create lead-free piezoceramics based on barium titanate (BaTiO₃, BT). Three types of BT powders (micron, submicron and nanoscale) were tested in LCD-SLA 3D printing, and a technique for the preparation of a ceramic slurry suitable for LCD-SLA printing has been developed. Using TGA-DSC analysis, the thermal debinding parameters to obtain crack-free samples were determined, followed by further sintering and the study of the piezoelectric properties (ε_r = 1965, d₃₃ = 200 pC/N, tan = 1,7 %). The results of the study demonstrate high potential for the production of complex piezoceramic elements that can be used in aviation, in particular, aviation radio equipment; in the marine industry for transceiver modules of hydroacoustic antennas; and in the nuclear industry for pressure control sensors in the steam–water path.     

陶瓷注射成型中水萃取脱脂粘结剂体系的相容性研究

提出了陶瓷注射成型水萃取脱脂粘结剂组分相容性的三大判断方法:溶解度参数法、热力学计算法、扫描电子显微镜法,以评判水基注射料的相容性,为陶瓷注射成型水萃取脱脂粘结剂的相容性提供了理论依据以及评判标准。并以聚乙二醇(PEG)/聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)以及聚乙二醇(PEG)/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)两个水基粘结剂体系为例进行说明,讨论了陶瓷注射成型粘结剂的相容性对注射料流动性及水萃取脱脂速率的影响。     

粉末注射成形石蜡基成形剂的脱除工艺

采用两步脱脂法(溶剂脱脂和热脱脂)脱除316L不锈钢粉末注射成形坯中的石蜡基成形剂,对溶剂脱脂工艺和脱脂机理进行研究.结果表明:三氯甲烷、溶剂汽油、四氯化碳3种不同的溶剂中,溶剂汽油具有较优异的脱脂效应:选择合适的温度可提高脱脂效率,注射坯在50℃的溶剂汽油中脱脂5 h,石蜡脱除率可达80%以上,并且坯体形状保持良好....     

粉末近净成形溶剂脱脂技术

溶剂脱脂技术在粉末注射成形和粉末挤压成形工业生产中广泛应用。本文阐述了溶剂脱脂的基本过程,介绍了目前常见的一些溶剂脱脂方法及其研究进展,讨论了溶剂脱脂理论的研究现状,指出了当前溶剂脱脂技术发展要解决的主要问题。     

粉末注射成形硬质合金异形件热脱脂工艺的研究

对硬质合金异形件表带注射成形的热脱脂工艺进行了研究 ,根据喂料的热失重曲线确定了热脱脂的四个阶段 ,并确定了理论预脱脂曲线 ,然后采用实验对该预脱脂曲线进行校正和条件优化 ,得出较理想的实际热脱脂曲线 ;研究了不同热脱脂工艺对硬质合金碳含量控制的影响 ,研究结果表明 ,使用露点低、氧含量低的氢气热脱脂气氛、选择合适的保温温度以及保温时间都能较有效地控碳。     

粉末增塑挤压成形脱脂技术研究

综述了粉末增塑挤压成形中几种传统脱脂工艺的脱脂机理及其理论模型,包括热脱脂、溶剂脱脂、催化脱脂和虹吸脱脂,介绍和评述了国内外最新发展的几种脱脂方法,指出了粉末增塑挤压成形脱脂技术当前的研究重点.     

气氛对硬质合金MIM成形坯脱脂预烧结的影响

对比研究了硬质合金MIM成形坯在电解H_2或高纯度N_2气氛下脱脂预烧结的特性。研究结果发现:2种气氛下脱脂后的制品都会发生脱碳现象,但是脱碳程度不一样,高纯N_2气氛脱脂的脱碳程度较小,其脱碳是由于样品中的C与O相互反应;电解H_2气氛下的脱碳由气氛的露点决定。高纯N_2气氛脱脂预烧与电解H_2气氛脱脂预烧相比,样品的收缩大、孔隙度小、预烧结效果好。