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Kai-Hsiang Liang Karan Kumar Gupta Chung-Hsin Lu Sudipta Som 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2022,105(10):6168-6174
SnO2-coated TiNb2O7 powders were synthesized via the solution coating method in the present research. The SnO2 layers with a thickness of 3–5 nm were homogeneously coated on the surface of TiNb2O7 particles. TiNb2O7 coated with SnO2 of 5 mol% with high Li+ diffusion coefficient delivered the discharge capacity of 319.5 mAh/g, which was 6.6% higher than that of the non-coated samples. The enhancement of capacity for the coated TiNb2O7 was owing to the low charge-transfer resistance of 17.5 Ω in contrary to the non-coated TiNb2O7 (27.8 Ω). SnO2-coated TiNb2O7 possessed an improved capacity retention of 85.2% at 5 C after 100 cycles, superior to the non-coated TiNb2O7 (79.8%). On the other hand, the excessive amounts of SnO2 coating led to the reduction in the capacity of the prepared samples. The excessive amounts of SnO2 layers suppressed the Li+ diffusion and increased the charge-transfer resistance. The obtained results in this study indicated that coating of TiNb2O7 with appropriate amounts of SnO2 significantly improved the electrochemical performance of TiNb2O7. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(36):16165-16178
This study deals with the manufacturing of catalyst-coated membranes (CCMs) for newcomers in the field of coating. Although there are many studies on electrode ink composition for improving the performance of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), there are few papers dealing with electrode coating itself. Usually, it is a know-how that often remains secret and constitutes the added value of scientific teams or the business of industrialists. In this paper, we identify and clarify the role of key parameters to improve coating quality and also to correlate coating quality with fuel cell performance via polarization curves and electrochemical active surface area measurements. We found that the coating configurations can affect the performance of lab-made CCMs in PEMFCs. After the repeatability of the performance obtained by our coating method has been proved, we show that: (i) edge effects, due to mask shadowing - cannot be neglected when the active surface area is low, (ii) a heterogeneous thickness electrode produces performance lower than a homogeneous thickness electrode, and (iii) the origin and storage of platinum on carbon powders are a very important source of variability in the obtained results. 相似文献
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通过对类聚环氧乙烷(PEO)交联聚合物进行纳米复合改性,制备了3D交联复合结构凝胶聚合物电解质(CGCPE)。详细表征了该电解质膜的微观形貌、物相组成和分子结构等性质,同时深入考察了其离子电导率、锂离子迁移数等基础电化学性能,并完成磷酸亚铁锂准固态锂离子电池组装测试。结果表明,C-GCPE电解质膜具有显著提高的吸液率、离子电导率以及锂离子迁移数。所组装的准固态锂离子电池在2 C电流密度下最高放电比容量达到132.5mAh/g,且容量保持率高达97.2%(循环700圈)。 相似文献
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目的 提高电化学射流(Jet-ECM)加工纯铜工件的加工稳定性和表面质量,并分析材料去除机理。方法 采用基于磷酸基的酸性钝化电解液。该酸性钝化电解液采用磷酸为黏膜生成剂,乙醇为润湿剂,苯并三氮唑(BTA)为腐蚀抑制剂,醋酸铵和乳酸为表面氧化物去除剂。分别通过极化曲线,阻抗测试揭示磷酸溶液中黏膜层的生成机理,并通过循环伏安曲线(CV)对乙醇和BTA的反应机理进行研究。结果 提高磷酸浓度有利于形成厚实的黏膜层,提高表面质量。乙醇能够提高电解液的润湿性,促进电解产物的排出。同时乙醇在Jet-ECM加工过程中具有钝化效果,提高了表面质量。腐蚀抑制剂BTA能够吸附在工件表面,形成保护膜,同时参与反应,形成Cu(Ⅰ)-BTA聚合物保护膜,通过这两种成膜机理,对铜工件表面形成有效保护。采用该酸性钝化电解液用于金属铜的Jet-ECM加工,加工后孔中心区和孔边缘区的表面粗糙度分别为14.5 nm和157 nm。相比常规NaNO3电解液以及纯磷酸电解液,该新型电解液能够有效避免絮状沉淀的产生,显著提高表面质量。结论 采用基于磷酸基的酸性钝化电解液,能够提高电化学射流加工纯铜工件的加工... 相似文献
8.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(18):26055-26062
Indo-Pacific glass beads are produced by the drawn technique, which originates from South Asia, and their chemical compositions are unique in South and Southeast Asia. However, a small number of Indo-Pacific beads with Sassanian glass compositions are excavated in Asia and Africa after the 3rd c. CE, and their production sites in South/Southeast Asia or in the Sassanian region remain controversial. In this study, 15 drawn glass beads with various colours from Astana necropolis (ca. the 4th-8th c. CE) in Xinjiang, northwest China were investigated by using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), Scanning Electron Microscope, Raman spectroscopy and visible to near-infrared spectroscopy to characterize the production technology and origins. The results show that most Astana glass beads share similar chemical compositions with the glassware from Veh Arda?īr, a famous Sasanian site. Furthermore, Sasanian glass compositions predominate in Indo-Pacific beads in Xinjiang during the 4th-8th c. CE, while popular glass recipes in contemporary South/Southeast Asia are infrequently found; thus, it is deduced that the drawn method should have been mastered by Sasanian craftsmen. Moreover, the cobalt materials in Sasanian glass were imported from further western regions and changed over time. The popular Sasanian glass across central Eurasia reflects the trade monopoly of Sasanian in West and Central Asia, and the land glass bead trade is distinct from the contemporary maritime trade in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. 相似文献
9.
Gehad Abo-Lila Taha Sokkar Eman Seisa Emam Omar 《Microscopy research and technique》2022,85(2):667-684
In this article, an adaptive denoising method is suggested to accurate investigate the optical and structural features of polymeric fibers from noisy phase shifting microinterferograms. The mixed class of noise that may produce in the phase-shifting interferometric techniques is established. To our knowledge, this is an early study considered the mixing noises that may occur in microinterferograms. The suggested method utilized the convolution neural networks to detect the noise class and then denoising, it according to its class. Four convolution neural networks (Googlenet, VGG-19, Alexnet, and Alexnet–SVM) are refined to perform the automatic classification process for the noise class in the established data set. The network with the highest validation and testing accuracy of these networks is considered to apply the suggested method on realistic noisy microinterferograms for polymeric fibers, polypropylene and antimicrobial polyethylene terephthalate)/titanium dioxide, recoded using interference microscope. Also, the suggested method is applied on noisy microinterferograms include crazing and nanocomposite material. The demodulated phase maps and the three-dimensional birefringence profiles are calculated for tested fibers according to the suggested method. The obtained results are compared with the published data for these fibers and found to be in good agreements. 相似文献
10.
床面切应力瞬时值的实验测量极为重要但富有挑战。为了利用粒子图像技术准确测量瞬时床面切应力,采用模拟不同图像和流动参数的合成粒子图片对粒子图像测速技术(PIV)、粒子图像示踪技术(PTV)和直线相关PIV技术(LCPIV)的测量精度进行分析,发现各技术在床面附近的测量精度均因床面影响而变差,其中PIV技术受影响的范围距床面不小于判读窗口高度,PTV及LCPIV技术受影响的范围等于粒子图像半径;在床面影响范围外,PTV技术可实现无偏差测量,并在粒子图像密度较小且粒径适中时拥有高于PIV和LCPIV的精度。比较而言,PTV更适于测量瞬时床面切应力。将PTV技术用于雷诺数分别为8007和11462的明渠均匀紊流瞬时床面切应力实验测量,进一步验证了该技术无偏、高精度测量的能力,发现了明渠紊流瞬时床面切应力不符合高斯分布,离散系数约为0.4,偏度系数和峰度系数随雷诺数增大而逐渐变大。研究结论为明渠紊流瞬时床面切应力的实验测量提供理论依据和实践参考。 相似文献